空间失稳目标线阵成像畸变分析与三维重建

针对线阵扫描型激光雷达在非合作失稳航天器三维模型重建过程中，存在运动目标线扫数据畸变且目标因失稳导致运动特性难以准确估计问题，提出一种带畸变自修正式三维重建方法，并进行畸变容忍度临界值分析。该方法基于测量系统的角精度与测距精度设计畸变容忍度临界值判定条件，首先根据实际工况与判定条件进行比对，判定是否对线扫数据进行初始畸变恢复；其次，对相邻扫描带畸变点云依次进行配准获取目标运动增量、解算目标瞬时运动参数；然后对目标运动参数进行自修正式处理，去除特征突变点干扰；同时依次恢复点云到初始几何位置，完成初始目标三维重建；最后，通过系统进一步迭代，位姿增量自收敛直至最终满足重建精度要求。仿真结果表明，该方法在缺失非合作目标先验信息的情况下，能够有效避免因线扫描导致的畸变问题，并较为快速地实现满足精度要求的目标三维重建，有较强的鲁棒性。     

Beidou wide-area augmentation system clock error correction and performance verification

On December 27, 2018, the Beidou-3 System (BDS-3) has completed the deployment of 18 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites combined as a space constellation. In addition to the augmentation information for the new system signals B1C and B2a, the BDS-3 is compatible with the three augmentation information broadcast by the BDS-2 system for B1I and B3I signals: equivalent clock error correction, User Differential Ranging Error (UDRE) and Grid Ionosphere Vertical Error (GIVE). In this paper, the observation data of Beidou monitoring network are used to analyze the pseudo-range observation quality of the smooth transition signals B1I and B3I of BDS-2 and BDS-3. At the same time, the relationship between the equivalent clock error correction and the prediction error of the satellite clock is analyzed by using the Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer (TWSTFT) data. The results show that the correlation between the equivalent clock error correction and the monitored clock error by using the TWSTFT data is greater than 60%. We calculate the UDRE by using the equivalent clock error correction. The results show that the satellite equivalent clock error correction can improve the accuracy of User Equivalent Range Error (UERE) by about 50%. This paper also compares the positioning accuracy of the BDS-2 satellites with the BDS-2 satellites combined BDS-3 satellites. The results show that the three-dimensional positioning accuracy is improved by about 30% after the BDS-3 satellites are added.     

Inertial aided BDS triple-frequency integer ambiguity rounding method

The integer ambiguity resolution (AR) of carrier phase is significant for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) precise positioning. However, in kinematic case, single-epoch AR methods based on alone GNSS are usually not reliable due to the instable pseudorange accuracy. Moreover, the computation of classical AR method Least Squares Ambiguity Decorrelation Adjustment (LAMBDA) is large. Thus, the inertial measurement unit (IMU) is introduced, a new inertial-aided AR method that directly rounds the float ambiguity of BeiDou triple-frequency combined observations, which is characterized by long wavelength, low carrier-phase noise and ionospheric delay, is proposed. The mathematical model of the new method is derived first. Then the impacts of the carrier-phase noise, ionospheric delay and inertial navigation system (INS) position error on the AR success ratio of combined observation are analyzed through probabilistic approach. Based on above investigation, the combinations (0, ?1, 1), (1, 4, ?5) and (4, ?2, ?3) are selected to resolve the original ambiguity. A vehicular integrated navigation test is performed to demonstrate the proposed method. The results show that the average AR success ratios of the three selected combinations, whose float ambiguity errors are 0.041, 0.146, 0.279 cycle respectively, are above 97.25% without regard to low-elevation C05. With respect to positioning accuracy based on our AR method when compared with IE software, the east, north, up error RMS of position are 0.042, 0.024, 0.069 m, respectively. In terms of the AR recover after the BeiDou signals outage, as long as 62 s BeiDou signal complete outage, all the ambiguities of all satellites could be re-fixed immediately. Besides, during the 90 s signals partial outage, the AR is not influenced by the position error, since the float ambiguity errors are all below half-cycle. The research of this contribution demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed new method, which indicates it is applicable to kinematic positioning, even in BDS degraded and denied environments.     

Exploration life support technology challenges for the Crew Exploration Vehicle and future human missions

As NASA implements the U.S. Space Exploration Policy, life support systems must be provided for an expanding sequence of exploration missions. NASA has implemented effective life support for Apollo, the Space Shuttle, and the International Space Station (ISS) and continues to develop advanced systems. This paper provides an overview of life support requirements, previously implemented systems, and new technologies being developed by the Exploration Life Support Project for the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) and Lunar Outpost and future Mars missions. The two contrasting practical approaches to providing space life support are (1) open loop direct supply of atmosphere, water, and food, and (2) physicochemical regeneration of air and water with direct supply of food. Open loop direct supply of air and water is cost effective for short missions, but recycling oxygen and water saves costly launch mass on longer missions. Because of the short CEV mission durations, the CEV life support system will be open loop as in Apollo and Space Shuttle. New life support technologies for CEV that address identified shortcomings of existing systems are discussed. Because both ISS and Lunar Outpost have a planned 10-year operational life, the Lunar Outpost life support system should be regenerative like that for ISS and it could utilize technologies similar to ISS. The Lunar Outpost life support system, however, should be extensively redesigned to reduce mass, power, and volume, to improve reliability and incorporate lessons learned, and to take advantage of technology advances over the last 20 years. The Lunar Outpost design could also take advantage of partial gravity and lunar resources.     

四元数UKF超紧密组合导航滤波方法

针对GPS/SINS(Global Positioning System/Strapdown Inertial Navigation Sys-tem)超紧密组合导航系统线性化滤波在高动态、弱GPS信号等环境下性能下降严重的问题,提出了一种以四元数UKF(Unscented Kalman Filter)为基础的GPS/SINS超紧密组合导航系统非线性滤波方法.通过分析GPS与SINS在超紧密组合导航系统中的关系,提出了一种利用SINS信息来估计、修正GPS载波信号的方法,在此基础上建立了组合导航滤波的状态方程和量测方程;以四元数乘性误差模型为基础,提出了一种可应用于UKF滤波的求解四元数加权均值的方法;提出了基于四元数UKF的GPS/SINS超紧密组合导航滤波方法.仿真实验表明:在高动态环境下,四元数UKF滤波方法增强了GPS/SINS超紧密组合导航系统的定位精度和抗干扰能力.     

RBCC发动机初步设计CAD系统研究

研究了一种用于火箭基组合循环发动机(RBCC)初步设计与方案分析的CAD系统。分析并解决了发动机几何特征参数提取、性能分析模型、设计计算集成、三维图形造型与显示等关键技术。基于AC IS几何造型内核软件,搭建了火箭基组合循环发动机初步设计的CAD平台,并利用该平台进行了算例分析。结果表明,该CAD平台能有效地进行火箭基组合循环发动机的设计与分析,实现了设计、计算一体化,为此类发动机实验器的设计提供了技术支持。     

3GPP中TFCI编译码研究

在3GPP（第三代合作项目）协议中,为了提高传输格式组合指示（TFCI）的可靠性,对其采取了基于Reed-Muller码的超码编码。与经典RM编码相比,不但增加了码距,提高了纠错能力,而且可以利用快速哈达玛变换（FHT）提高译码速度。文章对协议中的编译码算法进行了研究,并对其纠错能力进行了仿真。     

飞机单一产品数据源集成模型研究

根据对飞机产品构型及复杂历史状态的研究,给出了飞机产品单一产品数据源基本特点。设计了基于主/子模型集成的集成方法,并根据集合论关系原理,分析了单一产品数据源数据组织的约束关系。采用实体建模方法设计了数据库系统,并给出了满足状态管理要求的更改规则。根据集成模型开发了单一产品数据源原型系统,集成了工程数据及装配工艺数据,实现了由构型变化驱动的数据有效性传递,并支持了装配生产现场的无纸化操作和检验。     

固体火箭发动机Al_2O_3凝结及颗粒破碎的数值模拟

Al2O3凝结对固体火箭发动机Al颗粒的燃烧效率及燃气流动有很大影响。结合拉格朗日方法,建立Al2O3凝结模型,分析了在Al2O3烟雾凝结及颗粒自身破碎作用下,不同初始直径Al颗粒的燃烧效率及燃烧室流场的变化规律。计算结果与同条件下的测试数据有较好的吻合,颗粒分布符合相关实验现象。结果表明,小颗粒燃烧后,流场温度及Al2O3烟雾分布均匀;随颗粒初始直径的增加,径向出现明显分层现象;在发动机出口,小颗粒燃烧效率较高,颗粒中Al2O3质量分数较大,但破碎程度较小;随初始直径增加,颗粒燃烧效率逐渐降低,颗粒中仍含有大量未燃烧的Al,破碎程度提高,颗粒数目急剧增加。     

知识管理在军工企业中的应用

针对我国军工制造业企业信息化水平并结合未来发展需要,提出基于军工企业信息管理系统构建企业知识管理平台的设计方案。包括知识库总体结构的设计、以及知识积累和共享应用工具包的设计等。目的在于通过对工程数据信息和设计经验知识的有效融合,完善设计流程,优化设计方案,加快设计速度,提高设计质量,节约设计成本。