基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的舰机相对位姿估测

通过将基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的长序列图像分析方法与单目视觉技术相结合,把无人机自主着舰视觉导引中舰机间相对位姿的估测,转化为机载摄像机对着舰靶标平面3D位姿的实时估测问题.首先根据透视投影理论,建立了以摄像机的透镜中心为原点且Z轴与光轴重合的摄像机坐标系和世界坐标系,然后利用机载摄像机连续拍摄的靶标图像序列,选择描述相对运动的3个欧拉角、平移向量及它们的速度作为状态变量;由靶标角点的提取和帧间匹配,建立了反映着舰靶标上特征点的图像坐标和状态变量之间关系的观测方程,带入扩展卡尔曼滤波器,估测出舰机的相对运动参数.计算机数据仿真和基于DSP平台的半实物仿真试验验证了算法的有效性和鲁棒性.      

基于精细积分法的伸展悬臂结构动态特征的计算

本文针对时变结构，建立了一套高精度计算方法，其舍弃了传统的差分形式，具有计算精度高及数值稳定性好等特点，进而将上述方法应用于一种典型结构－伸展悬臂梁，给出了悬臂结构在不同伸展规律下体现出来的动态特征。计算结果表明，精细积分法能有效地解决时变结构问题，并具有很高的计算精度。本文工作为柔性多体动力学的深入研究提供了一条有效的计算途径。     

基于TM1300的AC-3定点解码算法的设计与优化

TM1300是专为处理高质量的视频、音频数据而开发的高效多媒体处理器。本文主要介绍了AC-3音频解码算法在TM1300上的设计及优化。     

白光LED用VO4：Ce^3＋荧光粉的制备与表征

白光LED中YAG荧光粉专利权为日本Nichia所有,各国研究者为了规避专利,争相研究替代产品。本文首次采用高温固相法制备了YVO4：Ce^3＋荧光粉,对不同Ce^3＋掺杂浓度下XRD图样与国际标准衍射卡对比后发现在1100℃保温9小时合成的Ce^3＋：YVO4为四方晶系结构,随保温时间延长,结晶程度更好,但时间再长时,结晶变化已不大。荧光光谱表明,激发光谱为双峰结构,主峰在232nm和403nm。发射光谱为一宽带,峰值在424nm附近。发现最佳Ce^3＋掺杂浓度为5mol％。结论是Ce^3＋：YVO4荧光粉可以满足与蓝光LED复合产生自然白光的要求。     

碳/环氧编织复合材料热膨胀特性分析

采用理论与试验相结合的方法,研究了碳/环氧三维编织复合材料的热膨胀特性。通过试验方法获得了不同规格的三维编织复合材料在编织方向的热膨胀系数,并基于均匀化理论建立了编织材料热弹性性能的分析方法,对数值结果与试验值进行了比较。研究表明,三维编织复合材料在编织方向上具有典型的负膨胀特性;与三维四向编织结构复合材料相比,三维五向编织结构复合材料具有较小的负膨胀系数;三维编织复合材料编织方向的负膨胀系数随着纤维体积含量的增大而减小,随着编织角的增大而增大;基于均匀化理论的热弹性数值分析方法可有效地预报三维编织复合材料的等效热膨胀系数,数值计算值与试验结果吻合较好。     

FY-3A极轨气象卫星

介绍了我国研制的风云三号A(FY-3A)极轨气象卫星的基本任务、轨道与发射窗口、构型与布局、主要技术参数、探测仪器配置、图像资料传输与存储,以及姿轨控和数管系统等总体概况.分析了卫星的技术特点.介绍了卫星入轨过程、平台和数传等在轨运行状况.给出了遥感仪器的工作及其部分应用结果.卫星近4个月的运行稳定,获取了大量的气象和环境数据.初步测试结果表明:FY-3A卫星大部分仪器性能与国际同类仪器比对一致,已达国际先进水平.     

月球探测器自主软着陆中的三维重构技术研究

为了使月球探测器自主的在月球表面进行软着陆，应对着陆区域的地形进行三维重构的方法，获得着陆区域的地形描述。提出了一种通过运动获得长基线的立体视觉的三维重构方法，针对长基线立体视觉方法所存在的问题，通过设计一系列的算法，完成了图像特征点选取和匹配，估计相机在不同位置的相对旋转和位移；对立体图像对进行校正，获得稠密的视差图；通过视差图进行三维重构，生成着陆区域的DEM。根据月球地形的特点建立了软件仿真平台，并且在仿真平台的基础上对文中的算法进行验证。仿真的结果表明该方法可以有效的应用于月面地形的三维重构。     

三维编织支架底板RTM工艺研究

基于有限元/控制体积法模拟了三维编织支架底板树脂传递模塑(RTM)工艺的充模过程,预测了不同注入口的数量和位置对干点的影响,比较分析了注入口的数量和位置、注入压强及树脂粘度对充模时间的影响,按照优化的工艺参数制造了三维编织支架底板复合材料构件,用超声波无损检测验证了渗透情况。结果表明,通过底板超声衰减强度的损失较小,图像法测量空隙含量为0.93%。     

Inner Attitude Integration Algorithm Based on Fault Detection for Strapdown Inertial Attitude and Heading Reference System

This article proposes a new inner attitude integration algorithm to improve attitude accuracy of the strapdown inertial attitude and heading reference system(SIAHRS), which, by means of a Kalman filter, integrates the calculated attitude from the accelerometers in inertial measuring unit(IMU), called damping attitudes, with those from the conventional IMU. As vehicle's acceleration could produce damping attitude errors, the horizontal outputs from accelerometers are firstly used to judge the vehicle's motion so as to determine whether the damping attitudes could be reasonably applied. This article also analyzes the limitation of this approach. Furthermore, it suggests a residual chi-square test to judge the validity of damping attitude measurement in real time, and accordingly puts forward proper information fusion strategy. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is proved through the experiments on a real system in dynamic and static states.     

Modelling the effects of microgravity on the permeability of air interface respiratory epithelial cell layers

Although it has been suggested that microgravity might affect drug absorption in vivo, drug permeability across epithelial barriers has not yet been investigated in vitro during modelled microgravity. Therefore, a cell culture/diffusion chamber was designed specifically to accommodate epithelial cell layers in a 3D-clinostat and allow epithelial permeability to be measured under microgravity conditions in vitro with minimum alteration to established cell culture techniques. Human respiratory epithelial Calu-3 cell layers were used to model the airway epithelium. Cells grown at an air interface in the diffusion chamber from day 1 or day 5 after seeding on 24-well polyester Transwell cell culture inserts developed a similar transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) to cells cultured in conventional cell culture plates. Confluent Calu-3 layers exposed to modelled microgravity in the 3D-clinostat for up to 48 h maintained their high TER. The permeability of the paracellular marker ¹⁴C-mannitol was unaffected after a 24 h rotation of the cell layers in the 3D-clinostat, but was increased 2-fold after 48 h of modelled microgravity. It was demonstrated that the culture/diffusion chamber developed is suitable for culturing epithelial cell layers and, when subjected to rotation in the 3D-clinostat, will be a valuable in vitro system in which to study the influence of microgravity on epithelial permeability and drug transport.