Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo合金氩弧焊

研究用Ti-Al-Nb基(高Nb)合金作填充材料氩弧焊(充氩箱中)Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo合金时的焊缝成形及其接头显微结构和力学性能特点.结果表明,固溶处理状态下母材氩弧焊时具有较低的冷裂纹敏感性.焊态下,接头抗拉强度912～927MPa,延伸率2.5%～3.7%,焊缝冲击韧性4.7J/cm2～10.4J/cm2,近热影响区是接头力学性能的薄弱区域.     

双酚A型氰酸酯/端羧基丁腈橡胶共混物的制备工艺和性能

采用液体端羧基丁腈橡胶(CTBN)与氰酸酯树脂(BCE)共混以改善氰酸酯树脂的韧性,利用凝胶时间法、示差扫描量热法(DSC)和傅立叶红外光谱法(FTIR)确定BCE/CTBN的固化工艺,通过透射电子显微镜对微相结构进行了分析,研究了不同制备工艺对改性后树脂体系微相结构和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,分别采用固化前对BEC/CTBN施加高速剪切力和预聚氰酸酯的方法可有效解决CTBN增韧BCE树脂中存在的宏观相分离问题;施加高速剪切力后,体系(每100份BCE中含10份CTBN)冲击韧性可达到14.4kJ·m^-2,比改性前(冲击韧性为6.0kJ·m^-2)提高了140%;预聚氰酸酯后,体系冲击韧性可达到12.1kJ·m^-2,比改性前提高了102%。研究还发现,工艺改进后,共混体系中以分散相存在的CTBN粒子形成胞状结构,这些含有包埋物的胞状CTBN颗粒有利于提高BCE树脂基体的韧性和强度。     

应用基于FEM的预成形最优化方法提高锻件变形均匀性

锻件变形分布不均匀将导致锻件各部位的组织和性能产生很大差异。应用基于正向有限元数值模拟和最优化方法进行坯料预成形设计的新方法,可显著提高锻件各部位的变形均匀性。首先介绍了以提高锻件变形分布均匀性为目的的坯料预成形最优化方法的基本原理,并针对典型的IN718合金涡轮盘锻件进行了坯料预成形设计。给出了预成形坯料与普通圆柱坯料的对比结果,并进行了相应的试验验证。结果表明,应用这种方法对IN718合金涡轮盘锻件进行坯料预成形设计,可使盘锻件各部位变形均匀性明显改善。     

Dual Drive Curve Tool Path Planning Method for 5-axis NC Machining of Sculptured Surfaces

The problem of finished surface being not first-order continuous commonly exists in machining sculptured surfaces with a torus cutter and some other types of cutters. To solve this problem, a dual drive curve tool path planning method is proposed in this article. First, the maximum machining strip width of a whole tool path can be obtained through optimizing each tool position with multi-point machining (MPM) method. Second, two drive curves are then determined according to the obtained maximum machining strip width. Finally, the tool is positioned once more along the dual drive curve under the condition of tool path smoothness. A computer simulation and cutting experiments are carried out to testify the performance of the new method. The machined surface is measured with a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) to examine the machining quality. The results obtained show that this method can effectively eliminate sharp scallops between adjacent tool paths, keep tool paths smooth, and improve the surface machining quality as well as machining efficiency.     

浅析光学测量方法在修理企业零件制造方面的应用

介绍了应用光学测量方法还原无图零件、铸造件、磨损件以及测绘零件三维模型的方法，运用数控加工、增材制造等加工方法，实现了无图样零件的制造和检测。     

Modified micro-mechanics based multiscale model for progressive failure prediction of 2D twill woven composites

To consider fiber random distribution at the microscale for the multiscale model based on the micro-mechanics failure (MMF) theory, clustering method is used for the extraction of amplification factors. As the clustering method is a kind of unsupervised machine learning method, the elements with similar mechanical behavior under external loading can be included in a cluster automatically at the microscale. With this modification, the fiber random distribution model can be used for multiscale damage analysis in the framework of MMF theory. To validate the modified multiscale analysis method, progressive damage analysis of a kind of 2D twill woven composites is conducted based on different microscale models. The stress values for microscale models with fiber hexagonal and random distribution patterns are compared first. Much higher stress concentration is generated in the fiber random distribution model due to the smaller inter-fiber distance especially under longitudinal shear loading. The obtained cluster distribution results exhibit the characters of the stress distribution in the two microscale models. Thereafter, tensile and compressive responses of the 2D twill woven composite are predicted with the modified multiscale analysis method and accuracy of the method is verified through comparison with published experimental results. From the simulation results, it can be found that the matrix damage initiation from the model based on the fiber random distribution model is premature compared with that from the model based on the fiber hexagonal distribution model. Besides, under tensile loading, the damage all initiates from the fill tows and propagates to the wrap tows. However, under compressive loading, the matrix damage initiates from the wrap tows in the model based on the fiber random distribution model.     

考虑气穴影响的2D压力伺服阀稳定性

为研究双自由度（2D）压力伺服阀工作时的气穴现象对阀芯稳定性的影响，利用AMESim中的基本库和HCD库建立2D压力伺服阀各组件仿真模型。理论分析得出气穴现象会降低阀体中含气油液的有效体积弹性模量，得出考虑气穴影响的阀芯稳定性条件。仿真结果表明气穴现象会导致主阀芯到达稳定位置后出现振荡现象，影响主阀芯的穿越频率从21 Hz降低至6 Hz，限制主阀芯的频宽，适当增加主阀芯阻尼比能提高主阀芯工作稳定性。提出一种新型阻尼活塞结构，建立模型分析得出其能在不影响伺服阀频响、阀芯位移和抗污染能力情况下提高主阀芯阻尼比以提高阀芯工作稳定性，并且设计实验进行验证。实验结果表明，应用阻尼活塞将2D压力伺服阀压力输出波动从9%降低至2%，能够提高飞行器制动时刹车阀工作稳定性。     

Temporal evolution of the EIA along 95°E as obtained from GNSS TEC measurements and SAMI3 model

The total electron content (TEC) derived from GNSS measurements at a trans-hemispheric meridional chain of ground stations around 95°E longitude are used to study the quiet time inter-hemispheric structure and dynamics of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) during the period March 2015 to February 2016. The stations are Dibrugarh (27.5°N, 95°E, 43° dip), Kohima (25.6°N, 94.1°E, 39° dip), Aizawl (23.7°N, 92.8°E, 36° dip), Port Blair (11.63°N, 92.71°E, 9° dip) and Cocos Islands (12.2°S, 96.8°E, 43° dip). The observation shows that the northern crest of the EIA lies in the south of 23°N (Aizawl) in all seasons but recedes further south towards the equator during December solstice. The largest poleward expansion of the northern (southern) EIA is observed in the March equinox (December solstice). The equinoctial and hemispherical asymmetry of TEC is noted. The winter anomaly is observed in the northern hemisphere but not in the southern hemisphere. The highest midday TEC over any station is observed in the March equinox. The TEC in southern summer (December solstice) is significantly higher than that in the northern summer (June solstice). The observed northern EIA contracts equatorward in the postsunset period of solstice but the southern EIA persists late into the midnight in the December solstice. The asymmetry may be attributed to the different geographic location of the magnetically conjugate stations. The SAMI3 simulations broadly capture the EIA structure and the inter-hemispheric asymmetry during solstices. The difference between observations and the SAMI3 is higher in March equinox and December solstice. The higher E?×?B vertical drift in the 90–100°E sector and the large geographic-geomagnetic offset in observing stations may have contributed to the observed differences.     

“高分五号”全谱段相机可展开定标漫反射板设计

为了对“高分五号”卫星全谱段光谱成像仪的太阳反射谱段辐射性进行长期监测与校正，并针对其谱段范围宽、精度要求高、口径大、使用寿命长等特点与要求，优化设计了可展开的漫反射板进行全光路全视场的辐射定标。定标漫反射板安装在相机光学系统的前端侧面，不影响相机正常成像，在定标时通过驱动机构展开漫反射板到相机前端，根据“高分五号”卫星轨道特点、定标能量要求及相机安装矩阵等设计定标漫反射板展开角度为39°。研制了430mm×430mm大尺寸聚四氟乙烯漫反射板组件以保证在展开时满足全光路全视场的定标，漫反射板在420～2400nm光谱范围内半球反射率高于95%，在相机观测方向BRDF变化优于25%。同时，设计了漫反射板稳定性监视辐射计用于监测漫反射板在轨性能衰减，监测精度15%。在轨定标精度分析为476%，满足指标要求。