航空电子AFDX与AVB传输实时性抗干扰对比

为满足未来航电系统音视频信息传输的需求,考虑车载嵌入式系统的候选实时多媒体网络AVB在航电环境中的应用,并对AVB与AFDX的传输进行了对比研究。首先构建AVB与AFDX标准对比;其次提出基于网络演算的AVB和AFDX端到端延迟计算方法;然后通过定义不同的消息传输场景,采用理论方法分析消息传输实时性的干扰要素;最后利用仿真方法予以验证。在典型1 000条虚拟链路的组网规模下,结果显示:AFDX高优先级流量的端到端延迟优于AVB,对于低优先级流量端到端延迟,则AVB和AFDX各有优劣;但受突发的流量影响,在增加50条各0.22 Mbit/s带宽的低优先级流量干扰情况下,高优先级流量平均端到端延迟的变化率在AVB中为0.25%,在AFDX中为0.38%;在增加50条各0.22 Mbit/s带宽的高优先级流量干扰情况下,低优先级流量平均端到端延迟的变化率在AVB中为5.17%,在AFDX中为10.25%。结果表明:时间敏感消息在AVB网络中传输实时性的抗干扰能力优于AFDX。     

民用飞机后缘襟翼机构设计仿真计算研究

研究了民用飞机后缘襟翼运动机构,并对几种常见的机构形式进行了对比分析。重点研究连杆滑轨机构,它具有驱动力矩小和襟翼扭转力矩小的特点,并且在飞机起飞时襟翼偏角小,同时有较大的富勒运动。根据连杆滑轨机构的特点和机构学理论,建立数学仿真计算模型,并用C++编写了计算仿真软件。文中针对某飞机后缘襟翼参数,通过计算仿真软件计算出襟翼偏角与富勒运动量、缝隙之间的关系以及驱动角与襟翼偏角、富勒运动量、缝隙之间的关系,取得良好结果,证明了该方法的可行性。     

一种新的在线/离线门限签名方案

基于门限签名算法和变色龙哈希函数,提出了一种新的在线/离线门限签名方案,其安全性完全基于离散对数假设。该方案能容忍tn/3个恶意会员,并在标准模型中证明该方案是安全的。     

MPEG2传输流协议分析及其在机载DVR中的应用

机载视频记录仪(DVR)是记录飞机视频信息的专用设备,用于完成对平显、下显、飞行员操作画面等多路视频信息的记录。分析了MPEG2系统层规定的传输流(TS)的码流格式,探讨了其在DVR中的应用的可能性及其优点。     

空调系统冷热源性能的评价

以西安市某办公大楼为例,借助软件DeST对该大楼供冷季和供暖季的空调动态负荷进行计算的基础上,根据目前冷热源配置状况的调查和该建筑空调负荷的特点,以及能源结构,充分考虑节能,提出了三种具有代表性的技术上比较合理的冷热源组合方案。通过比较各方案的一次能源利用率和能源转换方式的能耗指标,综合评价了各方案的节能潜力。     

NASA大型民用倾转旋翼机进展研究

倾转旋翼机是一种结合固定翼飞机和旋翼飞机双重优势的新型飞机,它具有速度快、油耗低、垂直起降等特点。在波音和贝尔公司联合研制的军用倾转旋翼机取得成功后,NASA试图在相关技术的基础上研制出一种90座、航程约为1200nmile、速度约为600km/h的新型先进民用倾转旋翼支线飞机,进而取代现役固定翼支线飞机。通过系统地搜集和科学地分析,明晰了NASA大型民用倾转旋翼机项目的内容、进展、风险和影响并对ARJ21支线项目提出早期预警。     

Onboard orbit determination using GPS observations based on the unscented Kalman filter

Spaceborne GPS receivers are used for real-time navigation by most low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. In general, the position and velocity accuracy of GPS navigation solutions without a dynamic filter are 25 m (1σ) and 0.5 m/s (1σ), respectively. However, GPS navigation solutions, which consist of position, velocity, and GPS receiver clock bias, have many abnormal excursions from the normal error range for space operation. These excursions lessen the accuracy of attitude control and onboard time synchronization. In this research, a new onboard orbit determination algorithm designed with the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) was developed to improve the performance. Because the UKF is able to obtain the posterior mean and covariance accurately by using the second-order Taylor series expansion through the sampled sigma points that are propagated by using the true nonlinear system, its performance can be better than that of the extended Kalman filter (EKF), which uses the linearized state transition matrix to predict the covariance. The dynamic models for orbit propagation applied perturbations due to the 40 × 40 geo-potential, the gravity of the Sun and Moon, solar radiation pressure, and atmospheric drag. The 7(8)th-order Runge–Kutta numerical integration was applied for orbit propagation. Two types of observations, navigation solutions and C/A code pseudorange, can be used at the user’s discretion. The performances of the onboard orbit determination were verified using real GPS data of the CHAMP and KOMPSAT-2 satellites. The results of the orbit determination were compared with the precision orbit ephemeris (POE) of the CHAMP and KOMPSAT-2 satellites.     

单向陶瓷基复合材料阻尼计算方法

根据陶瓷基复合材料界面脱黏区及黏结区纤维和基体的应力分布,分析了拉伸和卸载时纤维相对基体的滑移机制,发展了单向陶瓷基复合材料阻尼的计算方法,并进行了数值分析.结果表明:①陶瓷基复合材料本身固有黏弹性阻尼很小,材料发生基体开裂后,界面滑移而引起的摩擦耗散成为材料主要的阻尼机制;②减小界面剪应力或减小纤维体积含量可以改善材料的阻尼性能;③材料阻尼随裂纹间距的增大而减小.      

Design and Optimization of 3D Radial Slot Grain Configuration

Upper stage solid rocket motors (SRMS) for launch vehicles require a highly efficient propulsion system. Grain design proves to be vital in terms of minimizing inert mass by adopting a high volumetric efficiency with minimum possible sliver. In this article, a methodology has been presented for designing three-dimensional (3D) grain configuration of radial slot for upper stage solid rocket motors. The design process involves parametric modeling of the geometry in computer aided design (CAD) software through...     

斜拉索风雨振动及制振措施的风洞试验研究

采用全尺寸节段模型,进行了3种不同直径光面索的风雨振动风洞试验,并在各自雨振发生的临界风速、姿态及雨量条件下,和表面附加螺旋肋条及压花后的模型,进行了对比试验,且考察了不同阻尼条件下模型的振动特性,由此探索出对抑制雨振效果较佳的斜拉索表面形式及合适的阻尼比。