Effects of in-track maneuver on Sun illumination conditions of near-circular low Earth orbits

By developing approximate analytical models considering the J₂ perturbation, the effects of an in-track maneuver on the orbital Sun illumination conditions of near-circular low Earth orbits are analyzed. First, two approximate models for the variations in orbital sunshine angles are developed, one for variations at a given time and the other for variations at a given argument of latitude. Next, two approximate models for variations in orbital arc in Earth shadow are developed, one considers the small eccentricity and the other uses the zero eccentricity. Finally, the developed approximate models are applied to analyzing the Sun illumination conditions of a typical in-track maneuver mission on a near-circular low Earth orbit. From the results obtained, three major conclusions can be drawn. First, the variations in orbital sunshine angles at a given time may reach tens of degrees when the drifting time reaches hundreds of orbital periods, and the approximate model for that situation cannot effectively approach the numerical results. Second, the variations in orbital sunshine angles for any given argument of latitude are only a couple of degrees even when the drifting time reaches 500 orbital periods, and the approximation model developed can effectively approach the numerical results. Third, for variations in orbital arc in Earth shadow, the approximate model considering the small eccentricity has simple expressions and can effectively approach the numerical results; in contrast, the approximate model using the zero eccentricity has relatively worse precision.     

面向空间应用的高精度磁阻磁强计设计及性能测试

文章基于磁阻磁强计的工作原理,提出了高精度磁阻磁强计三分量探头和电子电路设计方案:改进磁强计三分量探头结构,以消除三分量磁畴间的相互干扰所引起的测量误差;采用交流耦合和闭环控制工作模式,以消除磁畴排列紊乱带来的影响,稳定磁强计的工作状态。关键性能指标的测试结果表明,磁阻磁强计在1 Hz点处的频谱噪声达到38 pT/(Hz)~(1/2),其噪声性能显著提高。另外,该磁阻磁强计采用微型化结构设计,便于安装,满足微小卫星的空间磁场探测的需求。     

基于微观图像及内聚力模型的复合材料裂纹扩展模拟

为研究材料微观结构及晶界强度对材料力学性能的影响,在晶界处引入内聚力单元模型,模拟晶间破坏过程。以ZrB_2-SiC复合材料为研究对象,将其扫描的微观结构图片进行矢量化处理,并导入ABAQUS有限元软件中建立模型,同时在其晶界处,设置内聚力单元模拟晶界破坏过程。通过改变Zr B2与Si C相界面强度,得到了晶界及材料不均匀对材料应力分布及裂纹扩展的影响。结果表明,由于晶界的存在,材料内部出现应力分布不均匀现象并产生应力集中。随着晶界强度的改变,裂纹起始位置及扩展方向发生改变,且裂纹沿低强度的界面进行扩展。随着ZrB_2-SiC界面强度增大,材料的强度提高,拉伸模量不变。     

弹性体运载火箭建模及控制器设计

考虑运载火箭飞行过程中的弹性振动特性,对运载火箭进行全量动力学建模以及控制器设计。首先将运载火箭考虑为一维梁模型并建立全量动力学模型,分别引入自适应滤波姿态控制算法和H_2范数鲁棒增益调度控制算法设计控制器。仿真结果表明:在考虑舵机非线性情况下两种控制方法均能够满足精度要求,在具有较大外部扰动情况下,鲁棒增益调度控制算法相较于自适应滤波算法具有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于准三维冰形算法的结冰预测技术及应用研究

机翼结冰是威胁民用飞机飞行安全的主要因素之一,准确预测机翼的结冰过程和特点,可为防除冰设计提供依据和支撑。提出了利用二维模拟三维的准三维冰形算法,该算法在保证结冰预测精度的同时,极大地降低了型号结冰计算成本;给出了顺气流和垂直于前缘两种典型民用飞机后掠翼机翼的二维剖面截取方法,并将采用该方法的计算结果与三维后掠机翼的结冰预测结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,相对于顺气流方式,垂直于前缘方式的准三维冰形算法与三维后掠机翼的结果更为接近。     

外挂物投放问题的二维非结构动态网格技术研究

以动态网格守恒型方程为控制方程,在二维非结构网格基础上发展了弹簧式光顺法和局部网格重构法两种动态网格变形技术。结合运动轨迹计算方程,将动态网格法应用于飞机外挂物投放问题中,成功模拟了导弹自由投放的整个过程,获得了详细的包括弹体运动速度、运动轨迹和受力情况等在内的丰富的流场信息。成功的应用不仅验证了动态网格法的可行性;而且也表明,动态网格法的进一步完善与发展将成为解决外挂物投放问题的有力工具。     

Evolution of periodic orbits near the Lagrangian point L2

A study of the evolution of the periodic and the quasi-periodic orbits near the Lagrangian point L₂, which is located to the right of the smaller primary on the line joining the primaries and whose distance from the more massive primary is greater than the distance between the primaries, in the framework of restricted three-body problem for the Sun–Jupiter, Earth–Moon (relatively large mass ratio) and Saturn–Titan (relatively small mass ratio) systems is made. Two families of periodic orbits around the smaller primary are identified using the Poincaré surface of section method – family I (initially elliptical, gradually becomes egg-shaped with the increase in the Jacobi constant C and elongated towards the more massive primary) and family II (initially egg-shaped orbits elongated towards L₂ and gradually becomes elliptical with the increase in C). The family I in the Sun–Jupiter and Saturn–Titan systems contains two separatrix caused by third-order and fourth-order resonances, while the Earth–Moon system has only one separatrix which is caused by third-order resonances. Also in the Sun–Jupiter and the Saturn–Titan systems, family I merge with family II, around Jacobian constant 3.0393 and 3.0163, respectively, while in the Earth–Moon system, family II evolves separately from two different branches. The two branches merge at C = 3.184515. In the Earth–Moon system, the family II contains a separatrix due to third-order resonances which is absent in the other two systems.     

基于I~2C总线的CPU温度监控系统

随着高性能、高功耗器件在嵌入式领域中广泛应用,温度监控已成为高可靠嵌入式领域研究的热点,采用ADI公司的测温电路ADT7461设计了面向高性能PowerPC处理器的温度监控系统。介绍了ADT7461芯片的功能原理,描述了整个硬件电路的结构。在软件部分阐述了I2C总线协议以及基于I2C总线协议实现的ADT7461寄存器读/写基本操作,针对应用中会面临的实际问题给出了具体解决方法。设计方法对于同类温度监控系统设计有一定的参考意义。     

Comparison of peak characteristics of F2 ionospheric layer over Tehran region at a low solar activity period with IRI-2001 and IRI-2007 models predictions

In the present work values of peak electron density (NmF2) and height of F2 ionospheric layer (hmF2) over Tehran region at a low solar activity period are compared with the predictions of the International Reference Ionosphere models (IRI-2001 and IRI-2007). Data measured by a digital ionosonde at the ionospheric station of the Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran from July 2006 to June 2007 are used to perform the calculations. Formulations proposed by  and  are utilized to calculate the hmF2. The International Union of Radio Science (URSI) and International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) options are employed to run the IRI-2001 and IRI-2007 models. Results show that both IRI-2007 and IRI-2001 can successfully predict the NmF2 and hmF2 over Tehran region. In addition, the study shows that predictions of IRI-2007 model with CCIR coefficient has closer values to the observations. Furthermore, it is found that the monthly average of the percentage deviation between the IRI models predictions and the values of hmF2 and NmF2 parameters are less than 10% and 21%, respectively.     

Variation in the ionospheric propagating factor M(3000)F2 at Ouagadougou,Burkina Faso

We use hourly monthly median values of propagation factor M(3000)F2 data observed at Ouagadougou Ionospheric Observatory (geographic12.4°N, 1.5°W; 5.9^o dip), Burkina Faso (West Africa) during the years Januar1987–December1988 (average F10.7 < 130 × 10⁻²² W/m²/Hz, representative of low solar flux conditions) and for January 1989–December1990 (average F10.7 ? 130 × 10⁻²² W/m²/Hz, representative of high solar epoch) for magnetically quiet conditions to describe local time, seasonal and solar cycle variations of equatorial ionospheric propagation factor M(3000)F2 in the African region. We show that that seasonal trend between solar maximum and solar minimum curves display simple patterns for all seasons and exhibits reasonable disparity with root mean square error (RMSE) of about 0.31, 0.29 and 0.26 for December solstice, June solstice and equinox, respectively. Variability Σ defined by the percentage ratio of the absolute standard deviation to the mean indicates significant dissimilarity for the two solar flux levels. Solar maximum day (10–14 LT) and night (22–02 LT) values show considerable variations than the solar minimum day and night values. We compare our observations with those of the IRI 2007 to validate the prediction capacity of the empirical model. We find that the IRI model tends to underestimate and overestimate the observed values of M(3000)F2, in particular, during June solstice season. There are large discrepancies, mainly during high solar flux equinox and December solstice between dawn and local midnight. On the other hand, IRI provides a slightly better predictions for M(3000)F2 between 0900 and 1500 LT during equinox low and high solar activity and equinox high sunspot number. Our data are of great importance in the area of short-wave telecommunication and ionospheric modeling.