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在众多光阳极材料中,纳米结构材料α-Fe2O3由于其光吸收显著、化学稳定性好、储量丰富等优势,被认为是最有前途的材料之一。利用水热法制备了具有良好光解水性能的Co和P掺杂α-Fe2O3纳米材料。经过掺杂后α-Fe2O3纳米材料仍为纳米棒状形貌,纳米棒的粒径增加。实验发现,Co掺杂α-Fe2O3制成的电极在标准光照射下的最大光生电流密度为0.453 mA/cm2,是未掺杂样品的20.6倍,P掺杂α-Fe2O3制成的电极在标准光照射下的最大光生电流密度为0.276 mA/cm2,是未掺杂样品的12.5倍,具备了高效光解水性能。同时通过SEM、TEM、XRD、UV-Vis和Mott-Schottky测试等方法,结合形貌与结构表征,研究了α-Fe2O3的光电化学分解水性能影响机理。 相似文献
82.
《中国航空学报》2021,34(3):105-117
Swirl-Loop Scavenging (SLS) improves the performance of 2-stroke aircraft diesel engine because the involved swirl may not only benefit the scavenging process, but also facilitate the fuel atomization and combustion. The arrangement of scavenge port angles greatly influences in-cylinder flow distribution and swirl intensity, as well as the performance of the SLS engine. However, the mechanism of the effect and visualization experiment are rarely mentioned in the literature. To further investigate the SLS, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) experiment and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation are adopted to obtain its swirl distribution characteristics, and the effect of port angles on scavenging performance is discussed based on engine fired cycle simulation. The results illustrate that Reynolds Stress Turbulence model is accurate enough for in-cylinder flow simulation. Tangential and axial velocity distribution of the flow, as well as the scavenging performance, are mainly determined by geometric scavenge port angles αgeom and βgeom. For reinforcement of scavenging on cross-sections and meridian planes, αgeom value of 27° and βgeom value of 60° are preferred, under which the scavenging efficiency reaches as high as 73.7%. Excessive swirl intensity has a negative effect on SLS performance, which should be controlled to a proper extent. 相似文献
83.
玉树地震前的电离层异常现象分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
分析了玉树地震前地基电离层探测临界频率、GPS TEC和卫星探测原位等离子体参量等多个参数的扰动变化信息, 研究了不同高度异常变化的时空关联性. 分析发现, 在地震前一天的4月13日, 多个电离层参量出现同步扰动异常, 电离层临界频率f0F2异常相对滑动中值增大40%, 异常空间上存在从震中东南向西南漂移的特性; GPS TEC异常增强15TECU (1TECU=1016m-2)左右, 分布于震中南部经度15°范围内, 且有明显的磁共轭效应; DEMETER观测的原位氧离子密度Ni(O+) 4月13日为1-4月中最强的一天, 异常分布偏向赤道区, 但仅局限在30°-50°左右的经度范围内. 综合三个参量的异常特征发现, 无论是空间的局地性还是时间上的密切关联均反映这次电离层扰动可能与玉树地震孕育有关. 结合其他观测信息, 进一步探讨了这次地震孕育过程的地震电离层耦合机理. 相似文献
84.
从美国一体化导弹防御系统的内涵入手,系统地研究了美国导弹防御系统的结构、作战指挥、试验,以及国际合作的情况,最后总结其未来发展趋势。 相似文献
85.
Shuangsheng Guo Weidang Ai Yongkang Tang Quanyong Cheng Yunze Shen Lifeng Qin Jialu Ma Jingtao Zhu Jin Ren 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
The ability to generate O2 and absorb CO2 of several co-cultured vegetable plants in an enclosed system was studied to provide theoretical reference for the future man-plant integrated tests. Four kinds of salad plants (Lactuca sativa L. var. Dasusheng, Lactuca sativa L. var. Youmaicai, Gynura bicolor and Cichorium endivia L.) were grown in the CELSS Integration Test Platform (CITP). The environmental factors including O2 and CO2 concentration were continuously monitored on-line and the plant biomass was measured at the end of the test. The changing rules of O2 and CO2 concentration in the system were basically understood and it was found that the O2 generated by the plants could satisfy the respiratory needs of 1.75 persons by calculation. It was also found that the plants could absorb the CO2 breathed out by 2 persons when the light intensity was raised to 550 mmol m−2 s−1 PPF. The results showed that the co-cultured plants hold good compatibility and excellent O2-generating and CO2-absorbing capability. They could also supply some fresh edible vegetable for a 2-person crew. 相似文献
86.
N. Zolotukhina N. Polekh E. Romanova A. Polyakova 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
We report work utilizing 15-min resolution ionospheric data obtained with DPS-4 digisonde in 2003–2011 to study the seasonal variations in amplitudes and phases of the most powerful spectral components of the F2 layer critical frequency (foF2) and peak height (hmF2) fluctuations over Irkutsk (52.5°N, 104.0°E). We show that fluctuations of both parameters contain quasi-harmonic components with periods of Tn = 24/n h (n = 1–7). The number of distinct spectral peaks varies from 3 in summer to 7 in winter. Amplitude and phase characteristics of the diurnal (n = 1) and semidiurnal (n = 2) components is studied using the data sets extracted from the original data sets with band-pass filter. It has been found that the amplitudes of diurnal/semidiurnal foF2 and diurnal hmF2 components are maximum in winter and minimum in summer. Amplitudes of the diurnal components vary gradually; those of the foF2 semidiurnal one, abruptly, thus forming a narrow winter maximum in November–January. The phase (local time of maximum) of the diurnal foF2 component increases gradually by 4–6 h from winter to summer. The phase of the semidiurnal foF2 component is nearly stable in winter/summer and sharply decreases (increases) by 2–3 h near the spring (autumn) equinox. The phase of the diurnal component of hmF2 (local time of minimum) varies slightly between 1130 and 1300 LT; that of the semidiurnal one decreases (increases) by 4–6 h from January to March (from September to November). The results obtained show that the main features of seasonal variations in the diurnal and semidiurnal components of the mid-latitude F2 layer parameters recur consistently during the solar activity growth and decline phases. 相似文献
87.
针对基于偶数(2q)阶累积量的测向算法中测向性能提高有限的问题,提出了一种基于多级嵌套 L 型阵列的2维测向算法。首先利用阵列的多级嵌套结构和2q阶累积量,形成具有更多自由度的虚拟均匀面阵;然后使用2维平滑方法,恢复其2q阶累积量矩阵的秩; 采用2维MUSIC算法,进行方位角和俯仰角的估计。与常规的2q MUSIC 算法相比,所提算法不仅具有更好的测向精度,而且由于虚拟均匀阵包含更多的虚拟阵元,因此能够估计更多信源的方位角。另外,针对该L型阵列的最优配置问题,推导了各级子阵阵元数的最优和次优分配表达式。仿真结果表明这些结论的正确性。 相似文献
88.
2009年1月平流层爆发性增温期间全球电离层响应的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2009年1月平流层爆发性增温(Stratospheric Sudden Warming, SSW)事件是有记录以来最强、持续时间最长的一次主增温事件(Major Warming Event, MWE), 期间太阳活动和地磁活动均处于较低的水平, 因此非常有利于研究电离层对平流层增温事件的响应情况. 本文利用COSMIC (Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate)系统提供的掩星数据, 使用Kriging方法分别构建了此次SSW期间及平静期的电离层NmF2, hmF2和110~750km高度范围的垂直积分TEC (简称VTEC)地图, 同时从全球定位导航卫星系统服务组织(International GNSS Service, IGS)发布的全球电离层TEC地图(Global Ionospheric Maps, GIMs)中提取了日固坐标系(Sun-fixed, 地磁纬度和地方时)下全球TEC地图. 通过对比发现, SSW期间与平静期相比, 地磁纬度中低纬电离层参数存在早晨上升, 下午和夜间下降的现象. 利用OSTM/JASON-2卫星高度计观测值进行验证后的结果显示, 此前研究均未有提及的夜间时段电离层参数NmF2, hmF2和TEC (VTEC和IGS TEC)的下降现象的确存在. 相似文献
89.
90.
Tong Xu Yanli Hu Hanlu Zhang Zhi Chen Jian Wu Zhenwen Xu 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
Earthquake prediction stimulates the searches for a correlation between seismic activity and ionospheric anomalies. Contrary to common focuses on strong earthquakes, we report the ionospheric disturbances, 2 days before a moderate Ms = 4.7 Chongqing earthquake (29.4°N, 105.5°E, depth = 7.0 km, occurred at 21:21 LT, 10 September, 2010) with the data of ground-based ionosondes and IGS receivers. The data covering the period under the quiet geomagnetic conditions and a geomagnetic storm was analyzed with upper and lower bounds. It is found that there were significant enhancements of foF2 and total electron content (TEC) on the afternoon of 8 September, 2010, with a limited area close to the epicentre, which was different from the feature of ionospheric perturbations triggered by the geomagnetic storm on 15 September. Taking into account the heliogeomagnetical condition, we conclude that the observed ionospheric enhancements were very likely associated with the forthcoming moderate Chongqing earthquake, which implies that the relationship between the amplitudes of ionospheric disturbances and earthquakes is very complicated. 相似文献