航空公司运行中心的形成与发展

1978年美国放松航空管制后，一些大型航空公司为提高运输产品的品质，采取争取好的航班时刻、增加航班密度、提高服务质量和正点率等手段，以达到吸引旅客和增强竞争力的目的。经过一段时间的竞争，一些经营良好的大型航空公司生存了下来，同时逐步兼并了一些中小型航空公司，成为超大型航空公司。通过整合原有公司存在的支线航线、国内干线和国际航线的航班，     

国内要闻

12月1日，西安咸阳国际机场二期扩建工程奠基。12月4日，东海航空有限公司正式开通深圳-达卡（孟加拉）-深圳航线，这是东海航空开通的第一条国际货运航线。12月5日，首都机场成为国内首家年旅客吞吐量突破5000万人次的机场，居全球第8位。12月6日，国泰航空公司与空客公司签署合同，确认增购8架A330飞机。     

HondaJet的设计和发展

与现存的一些小型商务喷气飞机相比，HondaJet是一种具有超大座舱、高燃油效率和高巡航速度的先进的和重量轻的商务喷气飞机。为了达到高性能的目标，通过大量的分析和风洞试验后开发了翼上发动机构型、自由层流机翼和自由层流机头。机翼是金属的，具有整体机加表面，这样可以实现自由层流所要求的光滑上表面。机身全部由组合件构成，加强板和夹层板被整体热压成型以减少重量和成本。原型机已经被设计制造。并且已经完成了主要的地面试验，如结构验证试验、控制系统验证试验、系统功能试验和地面振动试验。飞机在2003年12月3日首飞，飞行试验现在进行当中。接下来叙述在研发过程中进行的气动的、空气弹性变形的、结构的和系统的设计和试验。     

自由返回轨道的P平面参数快速设计方法

针对自由返回轨道求解过程中地心轨道类型变化造成的B平面参数方法计算失败问题,提出一种基于P平面参数的自由返回轨道快速设计方法。首先,基于轨道半通径参数的普适性,给出了不同轨道类型的P平面参数定义,建立了以P平面参数为求解目标量的自由返回轨道求解模型。其次,给出了基于P平面参数的自由返回轨道快速设计方法,在构建的瞬时地月惯性系下,以平面双二体自由返回轨道作为初值,实现了高精度力模型下的自由返回轨道快速求解。对8种构型自由返回轨道的设计结果表明,P平面参数具有类似于B平面参数的大收敛域,且有效解决了轨道类型变化对计算的影响,可直接应用于中国后续月球探测任务轨道设计。     

A strategic flight conflict avoidance approach based on a memetic algorithm

Conflict avoidance （CA） plays a crucial role in guaranteeing the airspace safety. The cur- rent approaches, mostly focusing on a short-term situation which eliminates conflicts via local adjust- ment, cannot provide a global solution. Recently, long-term conflict avoidance approaches, which are proposed to provide solutions via strategically planning traffic flow from a global view, have attracted more attentions. With consideration of the situation in China, there are thousands of flights per day and the air route network is large and complex, which makes the long-term problem to be a large-scale combinatorial optimization problem with complex constraints. To minimize the risk of premature convergence being faced by current approaches and obtain higher quality solutions, in this work, we present an effective strategic framework based on a memetic algorithm （MA）, which can markedly improve search capability via a combination of population-based global search and local improve- ments made by individuals. In addition, a specially designed local search operator and an adaptive local search frequency strategy are proposed to improve the solution quality. Furthermore, a fast genetic algorithm （GA） is presented as the global optimization method. Empirical studies using real traffic data of the Chinese air route network and daily flight plans show that our approach outper- formed the existing approaches including the GA .based approach and the cooperative coevolution based approach as well as some well-known memetic algorithm based approaches.     

Generalized Kutta–Joukowski theorem for multi-vortex and multi-airfoil flow(a lumped vortex model)

For purpose of easy identification of the role of free vortices on the lift and drag and for purpose of fast or engineering evaluation of forces for each individual body,we will extend in this paper the Kutta–Joukowski(KJ) theorem to the case of inviscid flow with multiple free vortices and multiple airfoils. The major simplification used in this paper is that each airfoil is represented by a lumped vortex,which may hold true when the distances between vortices and bodies are large enough. It is found that the Kutta–Joukowski theorem still holds provided that the local freestream velocity and the circulation of the bound vortex are modified by the induced velocity due to the outside vortices and airfoils. We will demonstrate how to use the present result to identify the role of vortices on the forces according to their position,strength and rotation direction. Moreover,we will apply the present results to a two-cylinder example of Crowdy and the Wagner example to demonstrate how to perform fast force approximation for multi-body and multi-vortex problems. The lumped vortex assumption has the advantage of giving such kinds of approximate results which are very easy to use. The lack of accuracy for such a fast evaluation will be compensated by a rigorous extension,with the lumped vortex assumption removed and with vortex production included,in a forthcoming paper.     

论航空公司战略联盟对双边航空运输协定的影响

航空公司战略联盟作为当代世界空运业发展的一个重要趋向，已对现行的双边航空运输协定产生了诸多的影响。对此问题进行分析、探讨，以期从中得到一些有益的启示，来指导中国航空运输业的发展。     

新航线

荷兰皇家航空将开通杭州新航线荷兰皇家航空公司5月8日将开辟从阿姆斯特丹到杭州的直航航线,使用波音777—200飞机运营。     

打造全新的自由行度假服务 访新航华东区经理蒋卫伦

<正>新加坡航空公司日前宣布在中国大陆推出旗下全新度假品牌——新航假期(SIA Holidays),依托新航和新航旗下全资区域子公司胜安航空的强大航线网络,为旅客打造自在畅享、远超所值的全新自由行度假体验。新航假期通过分布于北京、上海、广州、成都、昆明、厦门、深圳、重庆、