Flight Flutter Modal Parameters Identification with Atmospheric Turbulence Excitation Based on Wavelet Transformation

针对基于大气紊流激励的飞机颤振试验数据具有信噪比低以及测量数据以加速度响应形式给出等特点,将小波变换与随机减量法相结合对飞机颤振模态参数进行识别,首先利用随机减量法获得结构在非零初始加速度条件下的自由衰减响应,然后对该自由衰减响应进行Morlet连续小波变换,为使变换简单,本文采用了Parseval定理和留数定理,利用Morlet的带通滤波特性,通过搜索小波变换系数在不同的尺度区域内的极大值,再根据小波变换系数的极大值、相角与固有振动频率及阻尼系数间的关系,即可识别出各模态参数。并对利用小波变换识别颤振模态参数时,实现模态解耦应满足的条件进行了分析研究。通过仿真和飞机颤振试验数据分析,验证了该识别方法不仅简单、有效和可行,而且具有较强的抗噪性。     

Microstructure and Optical Characterization of Magnetron Sputtered NbN Thin Films

Some fundamental studies on the preparation, structure and optical properties of NbN films were carried out. NbN thin films were deposited by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different N2 partial pressures and different substrate temperatures ranging from –50 ℃ to 600 ℃. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize their phase com- ponents, microstructures, grain sizes and surface morphology. Optical properties inclusive of refractive indexes, extinction coefficients and transmittance of the NbN films under different sputtering conditions were measured. With the increase in the N2 partial pressure, δ-NbN phase structure gets forming and the grain size and lattice constant of the cubic NbN increasing. The deposited NbN film has relatively high values of refractive index and extinction coefficient in the wavelength ranging from 240 nm to 830 nm. Substrate tem- perature exerts notable influences on the microstructure and optical transmittance of the NbN films. The grain sizes of the δ-NbN film remarkably increase with the rise of the substrate temperature, while the transmittance of the films with the same thickness decreases. Ultra-fine granular film with particle size of several nanometers forms when the substrate is cooled to –50 ℃, and a remarkable aug- mentation of transmittance could be noticed under so low a temperature.     

蛇形进气道的电磁散射特性

 对一种进口与机身保形设计的蛇形进气道在Ku波段选择入射频率15 GHz情况下进行了电磁散射特性的实验和仿真研究,取得了蛇形进气道雷达散射截面(RCS)随方位角、迎角和终端的变化规律。研究结果表明: (1)该蛇形进气道在水平极化终端为风扇时±60° RCS均值为-24.33 dB·m²,垂直极化为-19.15 dB·m²,是一种低RCS进气道;(2)运用时域有限差分法计算所得的RCS随方位角变化曲线与实验曲线趋势基本一致,±60°均值误差在4 dB以内;(3)从进气道对称面电场(Ex)分布图可以看出入射波射入进气道并在内壁面产生多次反射,从而验证了蛇形进气道的设计思想并为在内通道关键反射点涂敷吸波材料实现蛇形进气道的高隐身提供了一个可行的研究平台。     

Microstructure and Martensitic Transformation Behaviors of Explosively Welded NiTi/NiTi Laminates

The study is a first attempt to prepare bulk NiTi/NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) laminates with a macroscopic heterogeneous composition by explosive welding and investigate their microstructures and martensitic transformation behaviors. After explosive weld- ing, a perfect interfacial bonding between the two components and a reversible martensitic transformation are realized in the tandem. Results show achievement of a fine granular structure and the maximum value of microhardness near the welding interface because of the excessive cold plastic deformation and the high impact velocity during the explosive welding. Meanwhile, the effects of aging on the transformation of the welded tandem are investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and subject to discussion. The trans- formation temperatures of NiTi/NiTi SMAs increase with the rise of the aging temperature. The experimental results indicate the shape memory properties of NiTi/NiTi SMA fabricated by explosive welding can be improved by optimizing the aging technology.     

星载低噪声放大器噪声系数的高精度测试方法研究

噪声系数是低噪声放大器的关键指标,它决定了系统的噪声性能.然而现有的测量方法不能修正失配和噪声参数误差,只能给出基于源阻抗的噪声系数.为了提高低噪声放大器噪声系数的测量精度,文章基于矢网冷源噪声系数测试方法,给出优选的矢量噪声校准法,并提出5项重要技术措施以进一步提高低噪声放大器噪声系数的测量精度.相比Y因子法,矢网冷...     

高量级宽带噪声等效加载方法

以多层复合材料结构为研究对象,按照国军标GJB150.17A—2009规定的噪声载荷谱,完成了总声压级168 dB的宽带噪声随机响应分析,获得了应力较大位置处的频率响应曲线,并根据宽带随机响应分析结果,选取两个不同宽度的窄带频段分别完成了随机响应分析和疲劳寿命分析。结果表明：在声压谱级相同的情况下,宽带加载时结构的主要模态/响应与窄带加载时基本相同,但窄带加载下的结构疲劳寿命长于宽带加载,宽带加载下单位时间内的峰值数大于窄带加载;当窄带加载时的声压谱级提高0.5 dB,计算得到的寿命与宽带加载时基本相同。利用行波管对多层复合材料结构完成了宽带、窄带响应特性试验和疲劳寿命研究,结果表明：根据宽带响应结果选取合适的加载带宽,窄带加载能够代替宽带加载。     

吸气-振荡射流激励器振荡特性

高效的振荡射流系统需要振荡特性优良的激励器,这要求减少激励器内流损失以提高出流流速、减少射流在0°偏角处的停滞时间以利于在流场中产生非定常旋涡、增大射流偏角以增大控制范围、有效调节振荡频率以接近最优控制频率。现以能大幅减少引入高压气源气体流量的吸气-振荡射流激励器为研究对象,通过数值模拟研究了不同几何外形激励器的起振、出流和频率特性。结果表明：只有当扣除射流宽度后的喉道高度大于反馈通道宽度的1.2倍,且反馈段长度足够、扩张角大小合适时,射流才会稳定振荡,并能与扩张段壁面相切;截短扩张段可使出口处射流中心速度提高67.3%;减小扩张段内分离涡的长宽比最大可使射流扫掠角达到±110°;改变反馈通道的宽度和长度会通过改变通道内通流面积和沿程损失以改变流量,从而影响频率。     

椭圆内聚激波面间断化过程的激波动力学分析

针对椭圆内锥几何约束下激波的非均匀汇聚问题,利用高超声速等价原理,将三维定常椭圆内锥激波转化为二维非定常椭圆内收缩运动激波。根据激波动力学原理,发展出一种既能得到非定常激波面演变过程及参数分布,又能沿着激波面追踪扰动传播过程的“波面-扰动追踪法”。该方法不仅具有快速预测激波非均匀汇聚及其演变过程的特点,而且有助于揭示激波面从连续弯曲演变出间断的内在机理。研究表明：初始沿周向强度均匀,而几何形状偏离轴对称的椭圆内聚激波受到自身产生的非均匀“Shock-Compression”扰动,在向中心汇聚的过程中,激波强度非均匀性出现且不断加剧。由于长轴附近的激波面曲率大,激波强度增长得更快。而激波强度的非均匀性会导致扰动的聚集,使得原本连续光滑的激波面出现间断,进而将初始长、短轴附近的激波面分割为强、弱两对激波段。增大长短轴比,椭圆激波的非均匀性演化更快,激波面更早地出现间断。利用“波面-扰动追踪法”对椭圆激波汇聚过程进行分析,为解决三维定常内锥激波的非均匀汇聚问题提供了新的途径。     

基于分段高斯伪谱法的组合动力飞行器火箭挂飞轨迹规划

为解决受涡喷发动机技术水平限制,导致试验飞行器无法直接达到试验所需高度和马赫数的问题,采用可回收式助推火箭挂飞后分离的方法,基于分段式高斯伪谱法搭建弹道优化模型,结合引射火箭与飞行器特性设计试验窗口,设计了弹道优化模型的约束条件;以末端高度最高、速度最大及轨迹平滑作为单项性能指标,以其加权和作为总性能指标,通过改变单项...