螺旋桨性能的自由尾涡分析法计算

采用自由尾涡分析方法, 把螺旋桨的尾涡模型分为近涡区和远涡区两部分, 计算了在不同进距比情况下的螺旋桨性能。在小进距比的重载情况, 螺旋桨尾涡的收缩对螺旋桨的性能影响较大。根据升力线理论采用自由尾涡分析方法考虑尾涡收缩, 改进了小进距比情况下的计算结果, 使得在所有情况下螺旋桨性能的计算结果和实验结果符合很好。      

螺旋桨升力线理论的匹配渐近展开法分析

在固连于螺旋桨桨叶的非惯性坐标系中,对大展弦比叶片的螺旋奖建立了升力线模型。在匹配渐近展开法分析中引入一假想速度位,导出固连坐标系中的控制方程、边界条件和Ｂｅｒｎｏｕｌｌｉ方程。由匹配渐近展开法的分析表明,在螺旋桨的进距比不是太小的情况下,螺旋桨的升力线理论在固连于螺旋桨桨叶的非惯性坐标系中仍然成立。     

直背式轿车起动过程中气动现象的研究

用计算流体力学方法对直背式轿车起动过程中的非定常外流场进行了数值模拟,采用k-ε湍流模型及一阶迎风格式计算出两种加速度下气动阻力和阻力系数.结果表明起动过程中气动阻力有较为显著的增加,并在起动后很短时间内达最大值.当汽车行驶平稳时,阻力趋于某一定值.阻力系数在起动过程中急速下降,起动结束后变化平缓,也趋于某一定值.起动过程中,车尾部逐渐形成旋涡,汽车头尾部压差逐渐变大,行驶平稳后,压差变小.      

螺旋桨滑流对带后缘襟翼机翼气动特性影响的数值分析

采用动量理论结合有限体积法求解N-S方程的方法,进行了螺旋桨滑流对带后缘襟翼机翼气动特性干扰的数值模拟分析.螺旋桨模型简化为一个激励盘,即一个无厚度可穿透的圆盘,以给定的圆盘拉力载荷,即压强差来模拟螺旋桨滑流的效果.采用嵌套网格技术处理桨盘与机翼间复杂的几何关系.算例计算表明,该计算方法能够较好的模拟滑流对带后缘襟翼机翼气动特性的影响.     

发动机进口附面层测量试验与数值模拟

以某型涡扇发动机科研试飞为平台,设计搭建发动机附面层测量试验系统,进行了多种飞行工况及涡扇发动机工作状态下的附面层测量试验。通过试验数据分析和研究,评估了各计算参数对涡扇发动机进口附面层厚度的影响。建立三维数值模型,计算了相应工况下的附面层特性,计算数据与试验数据吻合良好。研究结果表明:随着发动机状态的增大,进气道出口的附面层物理厚度增大、附面层位移厚度减小,附面层对空气流通能力的影响降低。     

低背鳍对细长平板三角翼分离涡稳定性影响的研究

对细长锥体分离涡稳定性判据进行了介绍,并应用该判据对细长体平板三角翼和加上两个不同高度背鳍组合体分离涡流场的稳定性进行了分析。为了验证理论分析的有效性,并观察气动力随迎角的变化,根据理论分析模型设计了实验模型,并在低速风洞进行了六分量天平测力实验,三角翼后掠角为82．5°,实验迎角范围12°～32°,侧滑角范围-10°～＋10°,实验雷诺数1．66×106。实验结果表明：在翼面上发生旋涡破裂前,单独细长平板三角翼的横向力／力矩在实验迎角范围内始终为零;加了两个不同高度的背鳍后,在一定迎角下,三角翼的横向力／力矩变得不为零。理论分析结果和实验结果在定性上吻合得很好,初步验证了有关文献关于细长锥体分离涡的稳定性理论。     

临近空间桨梢小翼螺旋桨布局气动增效研究

基于雷诺平均Navier—Stokes控制方程和非结构网格旋彬静止滑移面技术,开展了临近空间螺旋桨桨梢小翼构型气动布局与增效作用机理研究,采用静止与旋转域的多块网格布局策略及转／静滑移面技术,发展了高效的螺旋桨流场与性能分析方法;通过开展上翘小翼、上下翘小翼等多种桨梢小翼螺旋桨布局研究,初步建立了基础参数的性能影响规律,研究表明：桨梢小翼螺旋桨布局是临近空间工况环境提高气动效率的一种合理可行的技术途径。     

Experimental investigation on SPS casing treatment with bias flow

Generally, casing treatment（CT） is a passivity method to enhance the stall margin of fan/compressor. A novel casing treatment based on the small disturbance theory and vortex and wave interaction suggestion is a method combining passive control and active control, which has been proved effective at enhancing the stall margin of fan/compressor in experiment. In order to investigate the mechanism of this kind of casing treatment, an experimental investigation of a stall precursor-suppressed（SPS） casing treatment with air suction or blowing air is conducted in the present paper. The SPS casing treatment is designed to suppressing stall precursors to realize stall margin enhancement in turbomachinery. The experimental results show that the casing treatment with blowing air of small quantity can improve the stall margin by about 8% with about 1% efficiency loss. By contrast, the SPS casing treatment with micro-bias flow does not improve the stall margin much more than that without bias flow, even worse. Meanwhile, the present investigation has also attempted to reveal the mechanism of stall margin improvement with the casing treatment.It is found that the stall margin improvements vary with the modification of the unsteady shedding flow and the unsteady wall boundary impedance. The experimental results agree fairly well with the theoretical prediction using a flow stability model of rotating stall.     

Topology optimization of compliant adaptive wing leading edge with composite materials

An approach for designing the compliant adaptive wing leading edge with composite material is proposed based on the topology optimization. Firstly, an equivalent constitutive relationship of laminated glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite plates has been built based on the symmetric laminated plate theory. Then, an optimization objective function of compliant adaptive wing leading edge was used to minimize the least square error（LSE） between deformed curve and desired aerodynamics shape. After that, the topology structures of wing leading edge of different glass fiber ply-orientations were obtained by using the solid isotropic material with penalization（SIMP） model and sensitivity filtering technique. The desired aerodynamics shape of compliant adaptive wing leading edge was obtained based on the proposed approach. The topology structures of wing leading edge depend on the glass fiber ply-orientation. Finally, the corresponding morphing experiment of compliant wing leading edge with composite materials was implemented, which verified the morphing capability of topology structure and illustrated the feasibility for designing compliant wing leading edge. The present paper lays the basis of ply-orientation optimization for compliant adaptive wing leading edge in unmanned aerial vehicle（UAV） field.     

紧凑式换热器全高度传热特性研究

发展了可工程应用的紧凑式换热器传热模型,从三个层次对换热器进行讨论。针对空气循环制冷系统中的换热器,分析了二轮低压除水和二轮高压除水空气循环制冷系统中换热器的传热特性,计算结果与试验数据符合良好。该方法利用较少的实验数据即可得到全高度特性,不仅满足工程计算的要求,而且为评估换热器性能提供了理论依据。