机翼边界层的横流稳定性分析和转捩预测

通过求解经典O-S方程(LST)、扩展的O-S方程(EOS)和线性抛物化稳定性方程(LPSE),对展向无限长、后掠角25°、迎角0°、来流Mach数0.8、单位Reynolds数6.79×106/m的机翼边界层进行了稳定性分析,结合eN方法进行了转捩预测。研究发现无限长后掠机翼在(x,ω)平面上的中性曲线没有下支,在(x,β)平面上的中性曲线呈反拇指的形状,横流不稳定性在机翼前缘占主导作用。当外界扰动进入边界层后,幅值将被直接放大,对于频率相同的扰动,首先是展向波数β大的增长起来,演化到一定位置开始衰减,然后是展向波数β小的逐渐增长起来,并且增长的指数N逐步超过波数大的扰动。转捩在机翼前缘完成,引起转捩的扰动波的展向波长约为2mm。     

Analysis of crack opening stresses for center- and edge-crack tension specimens

Accurate determination of crack opening stress is of central importance to fatigue crack growth analysis and life prediction based on the crack-closure model. This paper studies the crack opening behavior for center- and edge-crack tension specimens. It is found that the crack opening stress is affected by the crack tip element. By taking the crack tip element into account, a modified crack opening stress equation is given for the center-crack tension specimen. Crack surface displace- ment equations for an edge crack in a semi-infinite plate under remote uniform tension and partially distributed pressure are derived by using the weight function method. Based on these displacements, a crack opening stress equation for an edge crack in a semi-infinite plate under uniform tension has been developed. The study shows that the crack opening stress is geometry-dependent, and the weight function method provides an effective and reliable tool to deal with such geometry depen- dence.     

基于无网格算法的化学非平衡流数值模拟

为了验证AUSMPW+格式在无网格算法的精度等以及无网格算法能否用于复杂化学非平衡流数值模拟中,首先将AUSMPW+格式推广到无网格算法中,给出了AUSMPW+在无网格算法中的具体形式。其次,将无网格算法应用于带化学反应的多组分气体Euler方程的求解,给出无网格条件下求解化学非平衡流的具体过程。最后,对NACA0012跨声速绕流场、高超声速弹丸绕流场、氢气/氧气诱导燃烧流场、球锥高超声速绕流场、楔体斜爆轰流场进行了数值模拟。数值模拟结果与相关文献计算结果和实验结果吻合较好,表明了AUSMPW+格式在无网格算法中表现较高精度。同时,采用无网格算法能较好地模拟复杂化学非平衡流场,正确分辨复杂的物理现象,为化学非平衡流数值模拟提供一种新的算法,拓宽了无网格算法的应用范围。     

Parametric analyses for synthetic jet control on separation and stall over rotor airfoil

Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effects of synthetic jet control on separation and stall over rotor airfoils. The preconditioned and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations coupled with a k x shear stream transport turbulence model are employed to accomplish the flowfield simulation of rotor airfoils under jet control. Additionally,a velocity boundary condition modeled by a sinusoidal function is developed to fulfill the perturbation effect of periodic jets. The validity of the present CFD procedure is evaluated by the simulated results of an isolated synthetic jet and the jet control case for airfoil NACA0015. Then, parametric analyses are conducted specifically for an OA213 rotor airfoil to investigate the effects of jet parameters(forcing frequency, jet location and momentum coefficient, jet direction, and distribution of jet arrays) on the control effect of the aerodynamic characteristics of a rotor airfoil. Preliminary results indicate that the efficiency of jet control can be improved with specific frequencies(the best lift-drag ratio at F+= 2.0) and jet angles(40 or 75) when the jets are located near the separation point of the rotor airfoil. Furthermore, as a result of a suitable combination of jet arrays, the lift coefficient of the airfoil can be improved by nearly 100%, and the corresponding drag coefficient decreased by26.5% in comparison with the single point control case.     

描述人造地球卫星轨道的四元数法

简要介绍了描述人造地球卫星轨道的方法,分析了已有方法在求解空间拦截与交会问题时遇到的困难.通过用四元数描述轨道坐标系空间方位的途径,把四元数引入描述卫星轨道运动的参数体系,用矢量导数转换的方法求出了卫星绝对加速度在轨道坐标系内的表达式,得出了包含四元数在内的卫星质心的空间运动方程.     

金属超塑变形本构方程中材料参数的识别

以 74 75Al合金为例 ,给出了用逆向求解技术确定包括 3种微观变形机制的超塑变形本构方程中的材料参数值 ,探索了目标函数式及参数初始值对最后优化结果的影响。     

关于对喷水室热工计算公式的分析及修正

通过分析喷水室内水和空气之间的热质交换过程，指出目前采用的热工计算公式的不足，并在此基础上推导出喷水室热平衡方程新公式，对理论教学起到一定的指导作用。     

计算机翼跨声速绕流的全速位积分方程数值解

本文利用格林定理将全速位方程转换为全速位积分方程，应用高斯定理对沿激波面的显式积分进行简化。将全速位积分方程的解表示成为面元项和场元项之和，然后离散进行数值求解。本文将激波捕捉方法和激波装配技术结合起来，对机翼跨声速绕流进行数值实验，计算结果令人满意。