一种环境探测球形移动机器人的运动控制

 球形移动机器人具有结构紧凑、运动灵活等特点,在环境探测等应用领域具有独特优势。介绍了一种新型的、带有双摄像头的环境探测球形移动机器人BHQ-2的结构与运动原理,并对其运动控制问题进行了研究。由于该球形机器人属于非完整约束系统,其不存在位置级的运动学逆解,因此从速度级上讨论了它的运动控制问题。基于旋量理论推导了该球形移动机器人的速度雅可比矩阵,采用广义逆的解法求得了它的速度逆解,并采用可控性李代数证明了BHQ-2球形移动机器人系统是满秩的,因此该机器人系统是完全非完整的并且是可控的。基于运动学速度逆解对BHQ-2球形移动机器人进行了直线和圆形运动轨迹的仿真和实验,仿真和实验结果验证了该球形机器人的可控性及速度逆解的正确性。     

孔间距和前倾角对进出口扩张形气膜孔流量系数的影响(英文)

Discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole of three inclination angles and three spacing between holes are presented which described the discharge behavior of a row of holes. The inlet and outlet of the 3-in-1 hole both have a 15° lateral expansion. The flow conditions considered are mainstream turbulence intensities and density ratios of secondary flow to mainstream. The momentum flux ratios varied in the range from 1 to 4. The comparison is made of the discharge coefficients of three shaped holes to find an optimal hole with low flow loss. The results show that the discharge coefficients of 3-in- 1 hole are highest in three shaped holes and therefore this article is focused on the measurements of discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole for various geometries and aerodynamic parameters. The measured results of 3-in-1 hole indicate that turbulence intensities, density ratios and momentum flux ratios have weak influence on discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 20°. The high turbulence intensity yields the small discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased both momentum flux ratios and density ratios lead to the increased discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased inclination angle causes the rapidly increased discharge coefficients. There is a weak dependence of discharge coefficients on hole pitches.     

Foreign Object Damage to Fan Rotor Blades of Aeroengine Part Ⅱ： Numerical Simulation of Bird Impact

Bird impact is one of the most dangerous threats to flight safety. The consequences of bird impact can be severe and, therefore, the aircraft components have to be certified for a proven level of bird impact resistance before being put into service. The fan rotor blades of aeroengine are the components being easily impacted by birds. It is necessary to ensure that the fan rotor blades should have adequate resistance against the bird impact, to reduce the flying accidents caused by bird impacts. Using the contacting-impacting algorithm, the numerical simulation is carded out to simulate bird impact. A three-blade computational model is set up for the fan rotor blade having shrouds. The transient response curves of the points corresponding to measured points in experiments, displacements and equivalent stresses on the blades are obtained during the simulation. From the comparison of the transient response curves obtained from numerical simulation with that obtained from experiments, it can be found that the variations in measured points and the corresponding points of simulation are basically the same. The deforming process, the maximum displacements and the maximum equivalent stresses on blades are analyzed. The numerical simulation verifies and complements the experiment results.     

预置杆位和飞控系统对滑跃起飞的影响分析

建立了陆基滑跃起飞动力学模型,并以某型电传操纵飞机为例进行了滑跃起飞仿真计算.分析了在滑跃起飞初始阶段驾驶员预置杆位和飞行控制系统对滑跃起飞的影响.仿真分析结果对驾驶员实际飞行具有一定的参考价值,对完善控制系统设计具有借鉴作用.     

装有轮胎压力显示系统的A310/A300飞机的轮胎维护

某航空公司的一架空客A300-600飞机在执行一次航班任务后,机务人员进行航后检查时发现,2#主轮轮胎发生甩胎故障.后在起飞机场跑道发现多块轮胎碎片.该轮胎曾翻修过1次,故障轮胎自装机使用至发生甩胎,共使用41天,147个起落.     

中国区域多机场系统旅客吞吐量预测方法研究

随着航空运输业的发展,区域单一枢纽格局被打破,区域性枢纽和次枢纽逐渐形成,进而产生区域多机场系统。对影响旅客在区域多机场系统中选择机场时的主要因素进行了分析,并以上海、杭州为中心的区域多机场系统为例,根据旅客选择机场的偏好,确定了三方面主要影响因素——机场的航班状况、航空运输票价水平和机场服务质量,运用多项式logit（MNL）模型对区域多机场系统中各机场分担率,以及相应旅客吞吐量的预测方法进行了研究,为未来机场预测体系的建立提供了定量分析的方法和思路。     

HBM测量系统在航空航天中的应用

RUAG公司用HBM测量系统进行飞机全尺寸疲劳试验瑞士RUAG公司的研究人员对瑞士版F/A-18战斗机的加强结构进行了大规模的综合试验研究,以验证飞机结构是否能满足较高的要求,达到所需的5000个飞行小时的工作寿命。     

基于LC理论和概率神经网络的损伤识别

本文提出了结构健康监测中一种新颖的方法用于时变系统的损伤识别,选取FS-TARMA(函数基时变自回归移动平均)时间序列模型应用于一种随机振动信号中,这种振动信号在时变系统中用来估计TAR/TMA参数和创新方差。基于一种特征值分解技术,被估计的TAR/TMA参数和创新方差能够为损伤估计提供更多信息和数据,从而形成了一种新的理论LCs(潜在成分)。LCs被组合和分解成数值,接着输入概率神经网络中进行损伤识别。将这种新方法用于三自由度时变系统中进行评估,根据质量和弹簧刚度的降低来模拟不同级别的损伤。这种方法能够找出系统参数的时变性质和质量及刚度变化引起的损伤级别。结果表明:使用这种方法,与其他的非降维和普通的特征提取方法相比,识别的成功率有相当大的提高。     

保驾导航的地面测控系统

地面测控系统与嫦娥一号探月卫星关系紧密,它既是卫星的领航者,又是卫星的保护者,在嫦娥一号整个飞行期间,它起到了保驾导航的作用。地面测控系统负责运载火箭发射和嫦娥一号卫星整个飞行任务期间的轨道测量、遥测监视、遥控操作和飞行控制,以及嫦娥一号卫星探测应用期间的任务计划的实施与操作管理,并通过高精度的测定轨道,为地面应用系统科学探测数     

在轨服务技术评说

何为在轨服务随着航天技术的飞速发展,卫星的结构、组成日趋复杂,其性能、技术水平也不断提高。在这种情况下,保证卫星在复杂的空间环境中更加持久、稳定的在轨运行,已成为目前航天领域亟待解决的重要问题。经过多年的探索逐步发现,使用在轨服务技术是提高卫星生存能力的一条行