从流量控制到流量管理

飞行流量的不断增长必然使原本有限的空域变得越来越拥挤,尤其是在我国东部地区,空中交通管制部门面临的安全压力越来越大。为了确保飞行安全这一目标不动摇,空管     

涡扇发动机传感器故障诊断的快速原型实时仿真

为快速高效地完成涡扇发动机传感器故障诊断算法的硬件在环仿真试验,构建了以NI CompactRIO为核心的传感器故障诊断系统的快速原型实时仿真平台.基于一簇卡尔曼滤波器,在LabVIEW编程环境中建立了传感器故障诊断系统.分别在涡扇发动机模型稳态和动态工作时完成了对单个传感器故障的检测、隔离和重构的硬件在环仿真试验并验证了算法精度.经过大量试验,结果表明:基于卡尔曼滤波器理论的诊断算法能在传感器故障情况下确保控制系统安全运行,诊断精度最高可达1.4%;同时表明,该快速原型实时仿真平台的设计是成功的.研究工作为发动机传感器故障诊断系统的半物理仿真试验奠定了基础.      

篦齿封严泄漏特性的实验

为了研究工程实际尺寸下篦齿封严泄漏特性,设计并搭建了篦齿封严实验台.在进出口压比为1.1~2.0的条件下,探究了节流间隙、齿数、齿腔深度和宽度等对篦齿封严泄漏量和密封腔内压力分布的影响.结果表明:泄漏系数随着压比和节流间隙的提高而增加,但压比达到1.6后,增加趋势逐渐变缓;增加齿数能显著提高篦齿的封严性能,但随着齿数变多,效果逐渐减弱;较浅和较宽的齿腔对于提高篦齿的封严性能更有利;进出口压比、节流间隙和齿腔深度对于篦齿腔内压力系数的分布几乎没有影响;篦齿腔内沿程压力不断降低,但在各齿腔内降低的程度逐渐减小;在篦齿封严中,越接近入口的齿腔对密封性能提高的贡献越大,对封严性能的优劣起着决定性作用.      

某型航空活塞发动机进排气系统优化分析

针对高空小型飞机的动力要求,对某型航空活塞发动机的进排气系统均匀性进行了分析,建立了某型航空活塞发动机的仿真模型,分析了进排气管路结构参数对发动机性能的影响.以进气质量流量不均匀度和进气压力波动效应为评价指标,对发动机的进排气系统结构参数进行了优化.通过改变进排气歧管和总管的长度,把不均匀度降低到5%以内,最大降幅为38%,并且提高了发动机的扭矩和功率,最大提高幅度为5%.      

表面介质阻挡放电等离子体体积力实验

采用粒子图像测速(PIV)技术,在2200,4800,7300,14600Pa空气压力条件下,测量了高频高压表面介质阻挡放电(surface dielectric barrier discharge,SDBD)等离子体诱导流场.根据速度场和N-S方程求解了等离子体体积力分布,分析了空气压力和激励器电压对等离子体体积力影响.实验结果表明:相同空气压力时,激励器电压越高体积力越大.相同激励器电压时,体积力随空气压力升高减小.在体积力分布区域,体积力方向一致,较大体积力区域分布于体积力方向线上游,流场高速流动区域紧挨较大体积力分布区域,位于体积力方向线下游.     

基于自适应核主元分析的EHA系统传感器故障检测

针对核主元分析(KPCA)方法难以选择合适核函数的问题,提出了一种基于自适应核主元分析的传感器故障检测方法,根据训练数据对核函数进行自适应修正,使核函数适应给定的训练数据。对常规数据标准化处理方法进行了改进,提出了一种"均值化"的处理方法,使处理后的数据既能消除不同变量幅值和量纲的影响,又能反映训练数据的全部信息。将此方法应用于机载电动静液作动器(Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator,EHA)系统的传感器故障检测,结果表明,此方法比常规KPCA方法更为先进,具有更好的故障检测性能。     

Design and experimental study of a micro-groove grinding wheel with spray cooling effect

The effectiveness of grinding fluid supply has a crucial impact on grinding quality and efficiency in high speed grinding. In order to improve the cooling and lubrication, through in-depth research of self-inhaling internal cooling method and intermittent grinding mechanism, a new spray cooling method used in high speed grinding is proposed. By referring to the structure of bowl- shaped dispersion disk, the grinding wheel matrix with atomization ability is designed; through studying heat transfer of droplet collision and the influence of micro-groove on the boiling heat transfer, grinding segment with micro-groove is designed to enhance the heat flux of coolant and achieve maximum heat transfer between droplets and grinding contact zone. High-speed grinding experiments on GH4169 with the developed grinding wheel are carried out. The results show that with the micro-groove grinding wheel just 5.4% of pump outlet flow rate and 0.5% of spindle energy is needed to reduce the grinding temperature to 200℃, which means the developed grinding wheel makes cooling high efficient and low energy consuming.     

Attitude control system design and on-orbit performance analysis of nano-satellite––‘‘Tian Tuo 1’’

‘‘Tian Tuo 1'(TT-1) nano-satellite is the first single-board nano-satellite that was successfully launched in China. The main objective of TT-1 is technology demonstration and scientific measurements. The satellite carries out the significant exploration of single-board architecture feasibility validation, and it is tailored to the low-cost philosophy by adopting numerous commercialoff-the-shelf(COTS) components. The satellite is featured with three-axis stabilization control capability. A pitch bias momentum wheel and three magnetic coils are adopted as control actuators.The sun sensors, magnetometers and a three-axis gyro are employed as the measurement sensors.The quaternion estimator(QUEST) and unscented Kalman filter(UKF) method are adopted for the nano-satellite attitude determination. On-orbit data received by ground station is conducted to analysis the performance of attitude determination and control system(ADCS). The results show that the design of ADCS for TT-1 is suitable, robust and feasible.     

基于混合特征匹配的微惯性/激光雷达组合导航方法

微惯性/激光雷达(MEMS IMU/LADAR)组合导航系统在室内应用时,由于室内结构化环境下环境特征(如点和线段)分布稀疏,传统的单一特征匹配算法存在观测盲区,易造成导航定位参数估计误差大的问题。基于此,研究了激光雷达自适应数据分割方法的点和线段的特征提取算法,提出了基于混合特征匹配观测模型的MEMS IMU/LADR扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)算法。同时,设计了MEMS IMU/LADR组合导航试验样机,在室内环境下通过试验对滤波算法进行了验证。结果表明:提出的算法在室内结构化环境下相比传统单一点或线特征匹配组合定位算法的定位精度可提高60%,对于小型旋翼无人飞行器在室内结构化环境中的高精度定位具有较高的参考意义。     

超临界压力下RP-3航空煤油吸热裂解反应的数值研究

为深入理解主动冷却过程中碳氢燃料的超临界吸热裂解特性,采用RP-3航空煤油的四组分替代模型、包含18种组分和24步反应的改进Kumar-Kunzru裂解反应动力学模型,对压力为5MPa时管道内RP-3的吸热裂解反应过程进行了数值模拟,研究了裂解反应对燃料物性和传热特性的影响,以及裂解率较高时二次反应对RP-3裂解的影响。结果表明:温度达到890K时,RP-3的裂解率超过20%,其中芳烃占裂解产物的12.1%;RP-3裂解后燃料物性显著变化,管道出口壁温和燃料温度分别降低了130K和129K,努塞尔数提高了16.5%,传热效率显著提高;裂解率较高时二次反应对RP-3裂解的影响较大,相比不考虑二次反应的状态,带二次反应时RP-3裂解率减小了29.1%,管道出口壁温和燃料温度分别降低了34K和22K。