航天器弹性附件伸展动力学研究

利用动量矩定理推导出带伸展弹性板航天器的姿态动力学方程，在弹性板等速伸展的情况下，导出板的振动与伸展运动耦合微分方程，航天器姿态运动与板的伸展运动、振动耦合微分方程，通过龙格—库塔积分法得出了数值解，结果表明弹性板等速伸展时，其振动的振幅随板长度的增长而增大，航天器姿态角速度随板长度的增长而减小。弹性板等速伸展的速率越大，板振动的振幅越大。     

挠性航天器大角度机动的变结构控制

考虑刚性主体上带有挠性梁的航天器 ,在建立挠性系统动力学模型的基础上 ,采用等速趋近率的滑模变结构控制策略进行大角度机动控制 ,并通过最优控制理论设计弹性稳态器 ,抑制由于刚体运动而激发的弹性振动 ,实现了旋转机动的同时 ,有效抑制弹性振动     

价格弹性系数与总收益关系的理论探讨和应用

当商品需求富有弹性时,价格与总收益成反方向变化;当需求缺乏弹性时,价格与总收益成同方向变化。本文证明了这个结论还需满足一些条件,并指出了这些条件和新结论的意义。     

Active Aerothermoelastic Control of Hypersonic Double-wedge Lifting Surface

Designing re-entry space vehicles and high-speed aircraft requires special attention to the nonlinear thermoelastic and aerodynamic instability of their structural components. The thermal effects are important since temperature environment brings dramatic influences on the static and dynamic behaviors of flight structures in supersonic/hypersonic regimes and is likely to cause instability, catastrophic failure and oscillations resulting in structural failure due to fatigue. In order to understand the dynamic behaviors of these ＂hot＂ structures, a double-wedge lifting surface with combining freeplay and cubic structural nonlinearities in both plunging and pitching degrees-of-freedom operating in supersonic/hypersonic flight speed regimes has been analyzed. A third order piston theory aerodynamic is used to estimate the applied nonlinear unsteady aerodynamic loads. Also considered is the loss of torsional stiffness that may be incurred by lifting surfaces subject to axial stresses induced by aerodynamic heating. The aerodynamic heating effects are estimated based on the adiabatic wall temperature due to high speed airstreams. As a recently emerging technology, the active aerothermoelastic control is aimed at providing solutions to a large number of problems involving the aeronautical/aerospace flight vehicle structures. To prevent such damaging phenomena from occurring, an application of linear and nonlinear active control methods on both flutter boundary and post-flutter behavior has been fulfilled. In this paper, modeling issues as well as numerical simulation have been presented and pertinent conclusions outlined. It is evidenced that a serious loss of torsional stiffness may induce the dynamic instability; however active control can be used to expand the flutter boundary and convert unstable limit cycle oscillations （LCO） into the stable LCO and/or to shift the transition between these two states toward higher flight Mach numbers.     

利用气动弹性的柔性振翼模型建立及分析(英文)

Making use of modal characteristics of the natural vibration of flexible structure to design the oscillating wing aircraft is proposed. A series of equations concerning the oscillating wing of flexible structures are derived. The kinetic equation for aerodynamic force coupled with elastic movement is set up, and relevant formulae are derived. The unsteady aerodynamic one in that formulae is revised. The design principle, design process and range of application of such oscillating wing analytical method are elaborated. A flexible structural oscillating wing model is set up, and relevant time response analysis and frequency response analysis are conducted. The analytical results indicate that adopting the new-type driving way for the oscillating wing will not have flutter problems and will be able to produce propulsive force. Furthermore, it will consume much less power than the fixed wing for generating the same lift.     

弹性高超声速滑翔飞行器的状态/参数联合估计

弹性高超声速滑翔飞行器具有强非线性、强不确定性和刚体/弹性耦合的特点，对其状态和参数进行估计十分必要。为解决这一问题，提出了一种传感器布置策略和一种利用正交三角（QR）分解更新到达代价的滚动时域估计算法（MHE-QR）。首先，建立了考虑弹性的传感器观测模型并分析了传感器位置对可观性的影响，并在此基础上提出了一种反映系统可观性的性能指标。传感器布置策略以此性能指标为目标函数，将传感器布置问题转化为约束非线性优化问题并求解，即可得到最优传感器布置方案。然后提出了MHE-QR算法。在滚动时域估计的框架下，该算法利用前向动态规划原理将到达代价的计算转化为最小二乘问题，并给出了基于QR分解的到达代价更新算法。仿真结果表明该传感器布置策略和MHE-QR算法能够有效提高估计精度、收敛速度和计算速度。此外，MHE-QR算法具有实时应用的潜力。     

弹性O型圈密封技术概述

弹性Ｏ型密封圈用于密封流体防止泄漏已有逾６０年的历史。本文就这种形式的密封圈及相关密封技术作一综合性论述，重点在它的选取，设计和防护以及密封技术的发展状况。     

高超声速全动翼面全时域耦合分析方法及应用

在流场-结构温度场同步计算方法的基础上,建立了多物理场全时域耦合分析方法,将方法应用于沿轨道运动的高超声速全动翼面热气动弹性稳定性分析。采用基于有限体积模型的CFD同步计算方法求解高超声速流场和结构温度场,建立映射关系实现结构有限元模型气动载荷加载和温度场赋值。采用移动坐标系和动网格相结合的方式描述变速度飞行和翼面偏转过程。通过坐标系变换将翼面偏转过程和振动过程的网格变形量叠加,考虑翼面振动和偏转的耦合非定常效应。针对沿轨道运动的高超声速飞行器,建立了同步计算方法与全时域耦合分析方法相结合的热气动弹性稳定性分析流程。研究发现,与同步计算方法相比,全时域耦合分析方法能够模拟结构振动对流场和结构温度场的影响,计算得到的监测点热流密度波动幅值占热流峰值的10%左右,而温度变化并不明显,相比于刚体模型,监测点温度只下降了0.3%左右。全时域耦合热气动弹性分析方法得到的颤振临界点在4-5号状态点之间,颤振形式为铰链扭转模态与一阶弯曲模态的耦合颤振,与"冻结"模态的热颤振方法结果一致。     

光弹性贴片材料条纹值标定及不确定度评定

光弹性材料条纹值是应用光弹性材料进行应力或应变测量时需要标定的一个材料常数。针对薄板型光弹性贴片易弯曲、不适合标准圆盘试件法标定的问题,提出一种基于等截面梁加载方式的标定方法,方便快捷地标定了环氧树脂光弹性贴片材料条纹值,并对标定结果进行了不确定度评定。