Analytic estimation and numerical modeling of actively cooled thermal protection systems with nickel alloys

Actively cooled thermal protection system has great influence on the engine of a hypersonic vehicle, and it is significant to obtain the thermal and stress distribution in the system. So an analytic estimation and numerical modeling are performed in this paper to investigate the behavior of an actively cooled thermal protection system. The analytic estimation is based on the electric analogy method and finite element analysis（FEA） is applied to the numerical simulation. Temperature and stress distributions are obtained for the actively cooled channel walls with three kinds of nickel alloys with or with no thermal barrier coating（TBC）. The temperature of the channel wall with coating has no obvious difference from the one with no coating, but the stress with coating on the channel wall is much smaller than that with no coating. Inconel X-750 has the best characteristics among the three Ni-based materials due to its higher thermal conductivity, lower elasticity module and greater allowable stress. Analytic estimation and numerical modeling results are compared with each other and a reasonable agreement is obtained.     

A novel method for importance measure analysis in the presence of epistemic and aleatory uncertainties

For structural systems with both epistemic and aleatory uncertainties, research on quantifying the contribution of the epistemic and aleatory uncertainties to the failure probability of the systems is conducted. Based on the method of separating epistemic and aleatory uncertainties in a variable, the core idea of the research is firstly to establish a novel deterministic transition model for auxiliary variables, distribution parameters, random variables, failure probability, then to propose the improved importance sampling(IS) to solve the transition model. Furthermore,the distribution parameters and auxiliary variables are sampled simultaneously and independently;therefore, the inefficient sampling procedure with an ‘‘inner-loop' for epistemic uncertainty and an‘‘outer-loop' for aleatory uncertainty in traditional methods is avoided. Since the proposed method combines the fast convergence of the proper estimates and searches failure samples in the interesting regions with high efficiency, the proposed method is more efficient than traditional methods for the variance-based failure probability sensitivity measures in the presence of epistemic and aleatory uncertainties. Two numerical examples and one engineering example are introduced for demonstrating the efficiency and precision of the proposed method for structural systems with both epistemic and aleatory uncertainties.     

细水雾喷嘴出口流场的数值模拟与分析

<正>随着世界环保意识的增强,哈龙灭火剂由于其会造成大气污染而被逐渐淘汰。细水雾灭火系统作为一种新的灭火替代技术,具有无环境污染、迅速高效灭火、耗水量低、水渍损失小等特点,从而引起了国际消防界的广泛重视。经过多年的发展,如今细水雾灭火系统已经在航空航天、水上船舶、日常建筑等领域得到了广泛的研究与应用。对于细水雾灭火系统而言,系统工作压力与细水雾喷嘴结构对于雾化效果有很大的影响,而喷嘴的雾化效果直     

燃烧组件时域分布参数系统动力学模型

液体火箭发动机的动态特性,特别是与燃烧组件相关的系统动力学特性,一直是理论研究和工程设计中重要的研究内容。在时域上建立了非线性分布参数燃烧组件动力学模型。将时域的频率研究范围从低频扩充到涵盖一阶纵向声学频率的中高频范围。采用了时空分离的方法对模型进行数值求解,采用ROE格式对模型进行空间离散,采用Dassl隐式变步长格...     

基于整数规划的终端区空域扇区划分研究

扇区划分是终端区空域规划的研究内容之一,划分后能覆盖不均匀的交通分布,缓解需求与容量的不平衡,从而提高空域系统的运行效率。将终端区扇区划分作为一个整数规划问题,在约束条件中考虑了间隔规则、飞行路径需求和机场跑道结构的几何约束等,根据最优解来生成终端区扇区。以某终端区算例,验证了整数规划模型的可行性。     

条带式太阳帆航天器的热致结构动力学响应

本文研究条带式太阳帆在近地轨道运行进出地球阴影时的热致结构动力学响应，建立了在太阳热辐射和光压共同作用下的太阳帆结构动力学方程，采用分布传递函数法，给出了条带式太阳帆热致结构稳态振动幅频响应的计算方法。算例结果表明：热辐射冲击是引起近地轨道太阳帆结构动力学响应的主要原因，光压引起的结构响应可忽略不计；增加桅杆壁厚不能有效抑制太阳帆的热致结构动态响应；增大阻尼，减小结构的热膨胀系数能够明显减小太阳帆热致结构响应的振幅；热致结构动态响应是设计大尺寸近地轨道太阳帆必须解决的问题。本文提出的方法可为太阳帆结构设计、姿态和轨道控制提供有力的分析工具。     

壁湍流等动量区对惯性颗粒分布的影响

对摩擦雷诺数为1000、颗粒Stokes数为1.0的含颗粒槽道湍流进行了直接数值模拟,采用高斯函数叠加法提取了等动量区的模态速度,对各等动量区内的颗粒分布进行了分析。发现在高动量的核心区,颗粒平均浓度高于非核心区,而浓度脉动低于非核心区。在等动量区界面上,流体速度和颗粒浓度变化剧烈,展向涡结构的出现导致了局部颗粒浓度较低。在等动量区的界面以下,在较高的壁面法向位置,存在大尺度的浓度幅值低而浓度脉动高的结构,其等值线分布与核心区/非核心区界面一致。     

飞机轮胎溅水鸡尾流特性数值模拟

当飞机起落架的多轮经过涉水跑道时，除侧向溅水之外，在轮胎之间由于两股侧向水流汇聚，会形成类似公鸡尾的溅水形态，称之为鸡尾流。相比于轮胎的侧向溅水，鸡尾流成因复杂，且水量更大，溅水高度更高，可能对飞机安全造成更严重的危害。采用数值分析方法对飞机轮胎溅水产生的鸡尾流现象成型机理开展研究。根据轮胎几何结构特点建立飞机轮胎溅水模型，其中轮胎及跑道采用FEM方法建模，积水模型采用SPH法，给出了鸡尾流的形态和速度分布，通过与侧向溅水形态分布的分析与比较，揭示了鸡尾流溅水的形成机制，并研究了水深、轮胎间距、轮胎速度等因素对于鸡尾流形态以及速度分布的影响规律，初步验证了ESDU工程算法对于无翻边轮胎鸡尾流形态描述的可参考性。