基于迭代QR分解的DOA估计技术

提出了一种基于迭代QR分解的信源到达角(DOA)估计技术.DOA估计的子空间方法主要是通过估计信号协方差矩阵的信号子空间或者噪声子空间来求出信号的DOA参数.估计这些子空间通常需要大量的计算,采用ASIC实现时其成本会非常昂贵.本文采用迭代QR分解方法进行子空间分解,可以利用较少量的计算资源完成处理任务.仿真实验结果达到0.23毫弧度,说明该算法比较可靠有效.     

火星着陆器进入段轨迹优化与制导研究进展

根据火星着陆器在进入段的飞行状况,分析并总结可能遭遇的困难与挑战;在间接法和直接法两方面概述飞行器轨迹优化方法,阐述当前飞行器轨迹优化研究现状以及火星着陆器进入段轨迹优化的应用情况;以标称轨迹制导法和预测校正制导法两方面分析火星着陆器进入段制导研究现状,并比较两种制导方法的优缺点,最后对火星着陆器未来研究方向做了展望.     

石英挠性加速度计阻尼参数闭环检测方法

石英挠性加速度计作为一种高精度惯性测量传感器,被广泛用于航天器姿态控制及惯性导航中。在石英挠性加速度计设计时,摆组件在腔体内的阻尼系数是一项重要的参数。与摆组件的转动惯量及挠性梁刚度等参数不同,阻尼系数与摆片的表面积、摆组件工作间隙、大气压强等多种因素相关。为了获取石英挠性加速度计正常工作状态下阻尼特性参数,研究了一种基于系统闭环频率响应的阻尼系数测量方法。利用水平振动台获取石英挠性加速度计幅频特性曲线,采用最小二乘参数拟合的方法对石英挠性加速度计阻尼特性参数进行辨识。利用辨识得到的阻尼系数进行仿真,并绘制幅频特性曲线与实际采样输出比对,验证了基于系统频率响应的闭环测量方法有效可行。     

内埋式弹舱舱门气动载荷计算分析研究

采用中心有限体积法进行空间离散和四步Runge-Kutta显式推进方法进行时间推进数值求解了非定常欧拉方程;采用Delaunay方法生成内埋式弹舱舱盖打开时的非结构网格.数值模拟了内埋式轰炸机弹舱单开舱门在分别打开8°和45°时的复杂流场.通过对上述复杂流场的分析,发现作用于舱门的气动载荷具有使其趋向于关闭的特性,且有随打开角度的增大而减小的趋势.     

Microstructure and Optical Characterization of Magnetron Sputtered NbN Thin Films

Some fundamental studies on the preparation, structure and optical properties of NbN films were carried out. NbN thin films were deposited by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different N2 partial pressures and different substrate temperatures ranging from –50 ℃ to 600 ℃. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize their phase com- ponents, microstructures, grain sizes and surface morphology. Optical properties inclusive of refractive indexes, extinction coefficients and transmittance of the NbN films under different sputtering conditions were measured. With the increase in the N2 partial pressure, δ-NbN phase structure gets forming and the grain size and lattice constant of the cubic NbN increasing. The deposited NbN film has relatively high values of refractive index and extinction coefficient in the wavelength ranging from 240 nm to 830 nm. Substrate tem- perature exerts notable influences on the microstructure and optical transmittance of the NbN films. The grain sizes of the δ-NbN film remarkably increase with the rise of the substrate temperature, while the transmittance of the films with the same thickness decreases. Ultra-fine granular film with particle size of several nanometers forms when the substrate is cooled to –50 ℃, and a remarkable aug- mentation of transmittance could be noticed under so low a temperature.     

Microstructure and Martensitic Transformation Behaviors of Explosively Welded NiTi/NiTi Laminates

The study is a first attempt to prepare bulk NiTi/NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) laminates with a macroscopic heterogeneous composition by explosive welding and investigate their microstructures and martensitic transformation behaviors. After explosive weld- ing, a perfect interfacial bonding between the two components and a reversible martensitic transformation are realized in the tandem. Results show achievement of a fine granular structure and the maximum value of microhardness near the welding interface because of the excessive cold plastic deformation and the high impact velocity during the explosive welding. Meanwhile, the effects of aging on the transformation of the welded tandem are investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and subject to discussion. The trans- formation temperatures of NiTi/NiTi SMAs increase with the rise of the aging temperature. The experimental results indicate the shape memory properties of NiTi/NiTi SMA fabricated by explosive welding can be improved by optimizing the aging technology.     

Flight Flutter Modal Parameters Identification with Atmospheric Turbulence Excitation Based on Wavelet Transformation

针对基于大气紊流激励的飞机颤振试验数据具有信噪比低以及测量数据以加速度响应形式给出等特点,将小波变换与随机减量法相结合对飞机颤振模态参数进行识别,首先利用随机减量法获得结构在非零初始加速度条件下的自由衰减响应,然后对该自由衰减响应进行Morlet连续小波变换,为使变换简单,本文采用了Parseval定理和留数定理,利用Morlet的带通滤波特性,通过搜索小波变换系数在不同的尺度区域内的极大值,再根据小波变换系数的极大值、相角与固有振动频率及阻尼系数间的关系,即可识别出各模态参数。并对利用小波变换识别颤振模态参数时,实现模态解耦应满足的条件进行了分析研究。通过仿真和飞机颤振试验数据分析,验证了该识别方法不仅简单、有效和可行,而且具有较强的抗噪性。     

基于磁路法与等效热网络法的航天 永磁同步电机设计与仿真

针对航天永磁同步电机方案初步设计耗时长、过度依赖商业软件的问题,基于磁路法和热网络法,提出了一套方案设计阶段航天永磁同步电机磁热性能快速预估与仿真方法。给出了定子内径、定子外径、铁芯长度、匝数等关键参数的取值准则,建立了包含36个节点集总参数热网络模型,并以端部绕组为例给出了热平衡方程的详细推导过程。通过与成熟商业软件对比,其电磁计算最大误差出现在电流有效值上,偏差值为607%;与样机实测值对比,绕组温升最大误差为73%,满足方案设计阶段预示精度要求,为方案设计阶段航天永磁同步电机快速性能预估提供有力支撑。     

构造Bayes与Fiducial预测区间的若干方法

对构造Bayes与Fiducial预测区间的几种方法进行了讨论,并举例比较了它们在使用中的方便程度。     

国际空间法学会第22届模拟法庭全球总决赛纪实

2013年9月26日,国际空间法学会第22届曼弗雷德-拉克斯国际空间法模拟法庭竞赛在北京理工大学落下帷幕。本次总决赛在2013年度北美赛区冠军美国乔治敦大学代表队和欧洲赛区冠军荷兰莱顿大学代表队之间进行,由国际法院三名现任大法官LeonidSkotnikov、JuliaSebutinde和薛捍勤担任主审法官。来自亚太赛区、非洲赛区的两支区域冠军队和世界各地空间法学专家学者、