飞机座舱结构声的弹性波主动控制研究

研究通过控制飞机座舱结构振动的弹性波的传播来减少由振动产生的辐射噪声的方法。制作了飞机座舱原理性模型，分析了外界气动力作用下弹性振动传播的主要路径，确定了压电元件的布置方案。利用弹性波控制的基本思想，采用IIR自适应滤波嚣识别被控通道的特性，实现对座舱结构振动的前馈控制，以抑制其辐射噪声．进行了不同单频激励下的振动和噪声控制试验，并测量了控制前后的振动和噪声。结果表明，控制后振动和噪声衰战了10dB以上。     

考虑机翼弹性变形时的传递对准方法研究

传递对准时 ,飞机机翼的弹性变形会对挂在机翼上导弹的子惯导系统的对准精度产生很大的影响 ,因此需要对弹性变形进行建模。此时 ,KainandCloutier提出的“速度 +姿态”匹配的方法已不再适用。本文提出了一种“速度+角速度”匹配的快速传递对准方法 ,并且采用了一种更符合实际飞行情况的仿真方法对安装误差角和弹性变形角进行了估计。结果表明 ,这种匹配方案的对准精度比“速度 +姿态”匹配的对准精度提高了至少一个量级以上 ,而且可以达到要求的精度     

电缆支座承受径向载荷时的弹塑性分析

采用ANSYS软件对发动机电缆支座几种不同结构方案及其承载能力进行了三维有限元分析。考虑了材料的非线性弹塑性行为，计算给出了电缆支座承载能力，与试验结果比较吻合。     

浅谈我校空乘专业的发展思路

为适应民用航空运输业对人才的需要,许多院校都开设了空乘专业.作为一个新专业,虽然有一定的就业市场,但各院校之间的竞争也是非常激烈的.如何在激烈的竞争之中占有一席之地,在市场上形成自己的品牌,是我校空乘专业面临的一大问题.通过不同角度,对我校空乘专业的发展思路做了初步的探讨与研究.     

大学生就业心理分析与应对

大学生就业问题已成为社会、高校、家庭的焦点问题。由于多方面原因,作为就业的主体—大学生在就业过程中会产生诸多心理问题,影响到自身的身心健康、也影响到自身就业的质量,甚至影响终身的成长。为了较好地解决这些问题,从大学生自身特点及生活、学习等方面进行剖析,使大学生能较客观、正确地认识就业中存在的心理现象与问题,并能够正确对待和处理。     

价格弹性系数与总收益关系的理论探讨和应用

当商品需求富有弹性时,价格与总收益成反方向变化;当需求缺乏弹性时,价格与总收益成同方向变化。本文证明了这个结论还需满足一些条件,并指出了这些条件和新结论的意义。     

Active Aerothermoelastic Control of Hypersonic Double-wedge Lifting Surface

Designing re-entry space vehicles and high-speed aircraft requires special attention to the nonlinear thermoelastic and aerodynamic instability of their structural components. The thermal effects are important since temperature environment brings dramatic influences on the static and dynamic behaviors of flight structures in supersonic/hypersonic regimes and is likely to cause instability, catastrophic failure and oscillations resulting in structural failure due to fatigue. In order to understand the dynamic behaviors of these ＂hot＂ structures, a double-wedge lifting surface with combining freeplay and cubic structural nonlinearities in both plunging and pitching degrees-of-freedom operating in supersonic/hypersonic flight speed regimes has been analyzed. A third order piston theory aerodynamic is used to estimate the applied nonlinear unsteady aerodynamic loads. Also considered is the loss of torsional stiffness that may be incurred by lifting surfaces subject to axial stresses induced by aerodynamic heating. The aerodynamic heating effects are estimated based on the adiabatic wall temperature due to high speed airstreams. As a recently emerging technology, the active aerothermoelastic control is aimed at providing solutions to a large number of problems involving the aeronautical/aerospace flight vehicle structures. To prevent such damaging phenomena from occurring, an application of linear and nonlinear active control methods on both flutter boundary and post-flutter behavior has been fulfilled. In this paper, modeling issues as well as numerical simulation have been presented and pertinent conclusions outlined. It is evidenced that a serious loss of torsional stiffness may induce the dynamic instability; however active control can be used to expand the flutter boundary and convert unstable limit cycle oscillations （LCO） into the stable LCO and/or to shift the transition between these two states toward higher flight Mach numbers.     

利用气动弹性的柔性振翼模型建立及分析(英文)

Making use of modal characteristics of the natural vibration of flexible structure to design the oscillating wing aircraft is proposed. A series of equations concerning the oscillating wing of flexible structures are derived. The kinetic equation for aerodynamic force coupled with elastic movement is set up, and relevant formulae are derived. The unsteady aerodynamic one in that formulae is revised. The design principle, design process and range of application of such oscillating wing analytical method are elaborated. A flexible structural oscillating wing model is set up, and relevant time response analysis and frequency response analysis are conducted. The analytical results indicate that adopting the new-type driving way for the oscillating wing will not have flutter problems and will be able to produce propulsive force. Furthermore, it will consume much less power than the fixed wing for generating the same lift.     

弹性高超声速滑翔飞行器的状态/参数联合估计

弹性高超声速滑翔飞行器具有强非线性、强不确定性和刚体/弹性耦合的特点，对其状态和参数进行估计十分必要。为解决这一问题，提出了一种传感器布置策略和一种利用正交三角（QR）分解更新到达代价的滚动时域估计算法（MHE-QR）。首先，建立了考虑弹性的传感器观测模型并分析了传感器位置对可观性的影响，并在此基础上提出了一种反映系统可观性的性能指标。传感器布置策略以此性能指标为目标函数，将传感器布置问题转化为约束非线性优化问题并求解，即可得到最优传感器布置方案。然后提出了MHE-QR算法。在滚动时域估计的框架下，该算法利用前向动态规划原理将到达代价的计算转化为最小二乘问题，并给出了基于QR分解的到达代价更新算法。仿真结果表明该传感器布置策略和MHE-QR算法能够有效提高估计精度、收敛速度和计算速度。此外，MHE-QR算法具有实时应用的潜力。     

弹性O型圈密封技术概述

弹性Ｏ型密封圈用于密封流体防止泄漏已有逾６０年的历史。本文就这种形式的密封圈及相关密封技术作一综合性论述，重点在它的选取，设计和防护以及密封技术的发展状况。