一种快速模拟振荡叶栅非定常流的数值方法

为了提高叶轮机内周期性非定常流数值计算效率,发展了一种计算振荡叶栅非线性非定常流的谐波平衡方法,将周期性非定常流动参数采用傅里叶级数表示,从而将传统的定常流动数值计算方法应用于非定常流问题求解中,大大提高了非定常流计算效率。计算结果表明,发展的谐波平衡方法与线性方法、非线性时域法计算结果吻合较好,且其计算效率比时域法高1个数量级。另外,系统研究了谐波阶次对计算效率与计算精度的影响,认为在气流未出现严重分离时,应采用低阶谐波平衡方法,以减少计算耗时。此外,从压气机振荡叶栅非定常流场计算结果可以看出,叶片吸力面诱导涡的生成频率与振荡频率并不一致,涡生成频率要高于振荡频率。     

燃烧环长宽比对涡轮叶间燃烧室的影响

为研究燃烧环结构对涡轮叶间燃烧室的性能影响,通过改变燃烧环的径向长度,设计出6种不同长宽比的燃烧环模型,并利用FLUENT软件的Realizable k-ε湍流模型、PDF燃烧模型和离散相模型,对涡轮叶间燃烧室三维两相流场进行了数值模拟。结果表明:受高温燃气与主流掺混程度的影响,不同长宽比燃烧环内速度场及温度场差异明显,从而影响燃油液滴驻留时间和出口温度分布;合理选择燃烧环的长宽比,能有效改善涡轮叶间燃烧室的燃烧效率、总压损失和温度分布。本研究可为涡轮叶间燃烧室优化设计提供参考。     

一种弹性低密度耐高温隔热涂层

针对固体火箭发动机实际使用的热环境要求,研制了一种弹性低密度耐高温隔热涂层,通过石英 灯辐射和电弧风洞试验对其进行了防热性能考核。该涂层密度为0. 62 g/ cm3,伸长率为25%,热导率为0． 18 W/ (m·K);在401℃时DSC 失重率仅为6. 6%;验证考核表明,采用1. 0 mm 涂层时,壳体与涂层界面温度最高 为77. 3℃,壳体背温度最高为44. 5℃。     

基于累积磨损量分布的飞机刹车片可靠性分析

针对高可靠、长寿命型产品可靠性分析难于获得寿命数据的问题,基于累积磨损量分布研究刹车片的可靠性评估方法。在飞机刹车片退化机理分析的基础上,选择正态分布、对数正态分布、威布尔分布描述其累积磨损量,通过建立累积磨损量分布参数的时序模型,确定未来时刻累积磨损量的分布,对刹车片进行寿命预测。     

内燃波转子发动机循环分析

为研究内燃波转子发动机性能变化规律,建立内燃波转子发动机的气动热力循环分析模型,开展了内燃波转子对燃气轮机总体性能的影响研究,并进行影响内燃波转子发动机总体性能的参数分析,且针对现役涡轴发动机,结合波转子技术,给出5种组合方式。结果表明内燃波转子能够显著地提高燃气轮机的总体性能,循环功最大提高39%,耗油率最大降低28%。提高涡轮进口温度可以提高内燃波转子发动机的总体性能;存在使循环功达到最大值的最佳压气机压比,且涡轮进口温度越高,最佳压气机压比越大。在基准燃气轮机与内燃波转子的组合方式中,保证压气机部件以及涡轮进口温度不变,能最大限度地提高燃机轮机的性能。     

无量纲叶高对叶型喷嘴流动特性的影响

预旋喷嘴作为预旋系统中的重要元件,其性能优劣直接关系到预旋系统的温降效果。在保持喷嘴几何出气面积不变的条件下,对预旋角度为12°,无量纲叶高分别为0.12,0.25,0.5,1和2的叶型喷嘴在压比1.1~1.9范围内进行了数值模拟。计算域包含进气腔、预旋喷嘴和出气腔,研究内容包括速度场、出气速度、出气角度、流量系数和预旋效率。对比了直孔型喷嘴、扩口孔型喷嘴以及叶型喷嘴的性能差异。结果表明叶型喷嘴的流量系数和预旋效率比直孔型喷嘴均增大20%以上,预旋效率比扩口孔型喷嘴略微增大5%左右。叶型喷嘴的流量系数和预旋效率均随压比的增大而增大,随无量纲叶高的增大先增大后微弱减小;叶型喷嘴的无量纲叶高低于0.5时,流量系数和预旋效率将显著减小。     

两级入轨运载器RBCC动力系统内流道设计与性能计算

针对以火箭基组合循环(RBCC)发动机作为水平起飞两级入轨(TSTO)运载器第一级动力系统的方案,建立了进气道-燃烧室-尾喷管一体化流道耦合性能快速计算模型,初步设计了RBCC发动机一体化内流道。RBCC发动机使用变结构进气道,采用支板/凹腔相结合实现火焰稳定的燃烧室以及单侧膨胀尾喷管;应用经过校验的性能分析模型进行RBCC燃烧室性能快速计算;对比分析了性能分析模型与三维数值计算获得的发动机出口状态参数对于飞行器后体流场的影响性;完成了RBCC为动力的两级入轨方案飞行器动力系统的性能分析与计算;分析评估了飞行弹道条件下RBCC推进系统的性能。计算结果表明:飞行器起飞质量280t时,可以完成运送4t载荷进入近地轨道的任务。     

涡扇发动机轴对称引射收敛喷管红外辐射特性

数值研究了涡扇发动机轴对称引射收敛喷管的红外辐射特性.排气系统的流场计算采用商用数值模拟软件,红外辐射特性计算采用自主开发的软件NUAA-IR,计算分析了轴对称收敛喷管和引射收敛喷管在3~5μm波段红外辐射特性以及喷管内不同固体壁面在探测方向上的红外辐射贡献.结果表明:引射收敛喷管的红外抑制作用主要在于引射加强了尾喷流与环境大气的掺混,减小了尾喷流的长度,降低了燃气流的红外辐射;引射收敛喷管对喷管内固体壁面的遮挡以及降温作用很小,只在方位角为20°方向上对内涵壁面、外涵内壁等中低温壁面有效;引射收敛喷管的总积分辐射强度在方位角为0°~15°范围内与收敛喷管几乎相等,在其他方位角范围内均小于收敛喷管,且在方位角为40°方向上降低幅度达到最大,约为34%.      

Attitude control system design and on-orbit performance analysis of nano-satellite––‘‘Tian Tuo 1’’

‘‘Tian Tuo 1'(TT-1) nano-satellite is the first single-board nano-satellite that was successfully launched in China. The main objective of TT-1 is technology demonstration and scientific measurements. The satellite carries out the significant exploration of single-board architecture feasibility validation, and it is tailored to the low-cost philosophy by adopting numerous commercialoff-the-shelf(COTS) components. The satellite is featured with three-axis stabilization control capability. A pitch bias momentum wheel and three magnetic coils are adopted as control actuators.The sun sensors, magnetometers and a three-axis gyro are employed as the measurement sensors.The quaternion estimator(QUEST) and unscented Kalman filter(UKF) method are adopted for the nano-satellite attitude determination. On-orbit data received by ground station is conducted to analysis the performance of attitude determination and control system(ADCS). The results show that the design of ADCS for TT-1 is suitable, robust and feasible.     

Dynamic analysis of C/C composite finger seal

A seal device as an important component of aeroengines has decisive influence on per- formance, reliability, and working life of aeroengines. With the development of aeroengines, demands on the performance characteristics of seal devices are made strictly. Finger seal as a novel kind of sealing device, recently attracts more and more attentions in academic circles and engineer- ing fields at home and abroad. Research on finger seals has been extensively developed, especially on leakage and wear performances under dynamic conditions. However, it is a pity that the work on finger seals has been limited with a single approach that is improving the performance by structural optimization; in addition, the technology of dynamic analysis on finger seals is weak. Aiming at the problems mentioned above, a distributed mass equivalent dynamic model of finger seals considering the coupling effect of overlaid laminates is established in the present paper, the dynamic perfor- mance of 2.5 dimension C/C composite finger seal is analyzed with the model, and then the effects of fiber bundle density and fiber bundle preparation direction on finger seal＇s dynamic performance are discussed, as well as compared with those of Co-based alloy finger seal. The current work is about dynamic analysis of finger seals and application of C/C composite in this paper may have much academic significance and many engineering values for improving research level of finger seal dynamics and exploring feasibility of C/C composite being used for finger seals.