CE/SE法模拟爆震波点火及传播过程

运用时空守恒元和解元(CE/SE)法模拟一维爆震波的形成及传播过程,分析产生爆震波的不同机理和DDT(爆燃-爆震转捩)过程的影响因素.采取激波点火和热点点火两种点火方式,分别对应SDT(激波-爆震转捩)和DDT过程,热点点火初始场采用线性温度分布和阶梯性温度分布,整个管道均为常压.用隐式梯形方法实现刚性源项积分.结果表明,SDT和DDT对应于不同的爆震波机理,并且DDT受点火区不同参数的影响,为研究爆震波点火和DDT过程提供了理论依据.     

一种涡轮发动机加速控制规律设计的新方法

 提出了一种涡喷、涡扇发动机加速控制规律快速设计的新方法：在发动机稳态特性计算模型的基础上,通过额外增加转子提取功率,使得发动机稳态工作点（线）靠近喘振边界,在同时考虑燃烧室富油熄火边界、涡轮进口总温限制以及压气机喘振裕度限制的条件下,利用适当的控制规律描述形式并结合发动机工程研制中的经验,能够快速而准确地获得涡喷、涡扇发动机加速控制规律。对某型涡喷发动机加速控制规律的改进的计算结果表明,提出的加速控制规律的设计方法准确而有效。     

基于S1000D的飞机系统原理图册编制方法研究

飞机系统原理图册(SSM)是辅助飞机排故及培训的重要手册,目前,传统纸质版SSM包含信息多,结构化程度低,查阅不变,理解困难,交互性差。为此,本文通过分析传统飞机系统原理图册的数据需求、生成过程及使用场景,基于S1000D标准结构化的思想,提出了飞机系统原理图册结构化教据存储方式及交互式编制使用方法。该方法应用S1000D的标准化信息分类及数据架构,将系统原理图册相关信息元素进行结构化转化,明确其逻辑关联关系及使用模式,一方面可以用于军民用飞机原理图册交互式电子技术手册(IETM)的研制,另一方面也为IETM拓展为综合保障信息系统提供参考。     

直接侧向力/气动力复合控制影响因素研究

为分析直接侧向力/气动力复合控制中的影响因素对控制效果的影响,给出了复合控制拦截器的典型布局,建立了直接侧向力/气动力复合控制分配模型;采用自适应动态逆方法形成虚拟控制律实现拦截器姿态控制,并进行了仿真验证与分析。仿真结果表明,不同发动机总数、发动机开关机周期和推力大小等因素对最终控制效果有直接的影响,且发动机开关机周期与推力的共同作用对控制效果影响明显。     

飞机液压系统动态油温计算方法优化

分析了动态油温计算方法的不足,将此方法中的液压油箱计算模型加以优化得到改进的动态油温计算方法,基于功率损失法给出了飞机液压系统中四种典型液压附件的温度计算方程。以某航空液压泵地面试验系统为计算实例,将改进方法计算的结果与试验结果、改进前方法的计算结果进行对比分析,结果表明改进的动态油温计算方法相比改进前的方法具有更高的准确度。     

直升机起飞性能试飞方法研究

当直升机可用功率不足以维持地效外悬停时,直升机可以利用地面效应增速至一定前飞速度完成起飞。研究了地面效应和前飞速度对直升机剩余功率的影响,阐述了利用剩余功率进行有地效起飞的原理。介绍了3种有地效起飞方式,并使用水平加速—定速爬升法进行了起飞性能飞行试验,得到了水平越障距离随爬升速度的变化曲线,对飞行试验结果进行了分析,得到了有益的结论。     

一种减少失速保护虚警率的混合滤波方法

针对飞机失速保护设计过程中易出现虚警的情况,提出一种基于FIR和传统滤波器相结合的混合滤波方法。结合飞机本体的运动特征,对参与失速保护逻辑运算的两个重要参数,即侧向加速度和迎角信号进行频率分析,基于信号的特征设计混合滤波器,然后采用Simulink滤波工具箱设计滤波器对信号进行滤波处理。仿真结果表明该方法能够减少虚警率的发生,特别是大背景噪声下的虚警率能够得到较好抑制,验证了滤波器设计正确性,从而提高失速保护功能对适航条款符合性。该滤波器设计方法,不但可以有效解决本文提到的问题,对于其他涉及信号处理的系统设计同样具有借鉴意义。     

Numerical analysis and optimization of boundary layer suction on airfoils

Numerical approach of hybrid laminar flow control(HLFC) is investigated for the suction hole with a width between 0.5 mm and 7 mm. The accuracy of Menter and Langtry’s transition model applied for simulating the flow with boundary layer suction is validated. The experiment data are compared with the computational results. The solutions show that this transition model can predict the transition position with suction control accurately. A well designed laminar airfoil is selected in the present research. For suction control with a single hole, the physical mechanism of suction control, including the impact of suction coefficient and the width and position of the suction hole on control results, is analyzed. The single hole simulation results indicate that it is favorable for transition delay and drag reduction to increase the suction coefficient and set the hole position closer to the trailing edge properly. The modified radial basis function(RBF) neural network and the modified differential evolution algorithm are used to optimize the design for suction control with three holes. The design variables are suction coefficient, hole width, hole position and hole spacing. The optimization target is to obtain the minimum drag coefficient. After optimization,the transition delay can be up to 17% and the aerodynamic drag coefficient can decrease by 12.1%.     

Specific grinding energy and surface roughness of nanoparticle jet minimum quantity lubrication in grinding

Nanoparticles with the anti-wear and friction reducing features were applied as cooling lubricant in the grinding fluid. Dry grinding, flood grinding, minimal quantity of lubrication（MQL）, and nanoparticle jet MQL were used in the grinding experiments. The specific grinding energy of dry grinding, flood grinding and MQL were 84, 29.8, 45.5 J/mm³, respectively. The specific grinding energy significantly decreased to 32.7 J/mm³ in nanoparticle MQL. Compared with dry grinding, the surface roughness values of flood grinding, MQL, and nanoparticle jet MQL were significantly reduced with the surface topography profile values reduced by 11%, 2.5%, and 10%,respectively, and the ten point height of microcosmic unflatness values reduced by 1.5%, 0.5%,and 1.3%, respectively. These results verified the satisfactory lubrication effects of nanoparticle MQL. MoS₂, carbon nanotube（CNT）, and ZrO₂ nanoparticles were also added in the grinding fluid of nanoparticle jet MQL to analyze their grinding surface lubrication effects. The specific grinding energy of MoS₂ nanoparticle was only 32.7 J/mm³, which was 8.22% and 10.39% lower than those of the other two nanoparticles. Moreover, the surface roughness of workpiece was also smaller with MoS₂ nanoparticle, which indicated its remarkable lubrication effects. Furthermore,the role of MoS₂ particles in the grinding surface lubrication at different nanoparticle volume concentrations was analyzed. MoS₂ volume concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% were used.Experimental results revealed that the specific grinding energy and the workpiece surface roughness initially increased and then decreased as MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration increased.Satisfactory grinding surface lubrication effects were obtained with 2% MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration.     

基于性能及轻量化的新型风力机叶片优化设计研究

针对复合材料风力机叶片形状复杂,采用传统的复合材料层合板理论难以建立叶片质量计算数学模型的缺点,本文提出了将叶片的质量计算转化为叶片曲面的面积计算模型。基于修正的风力机空气动力学理论,在叶片全部产生功率区域内采用作者全新设计的风力机CQU-A翼型系列进行翼型沿叶片展向分布设计,验证了该翼型族具有较高的气动性能;针对变桨距风力机,以最大功率系数及最小叶片面积为多目标优化模型,建立了新型2MW风力机叶片设计及优化数学模型。采用改进的多目标粒子群算法对风力机叶片进行优化设计,优化结果表明,相比初始风力机叶片,新叶片的工作性能有了较大的提高,叶片的表面积有了明显的降低,意味着叶片的质量有了显著的减少,降低了叶片的材料成本;同时叶根载荷也得到了有效的控制。该新型叶片的研究为设计出高性能轻质量低成本的风力机提供了理论依据。