三维几何量非接触测量技术

三维几何量非接触式测量是光电检测技术、先进自动控制理论、计算机控制技术和精密机械相结合的产物,采用激光跟踪技术是实现动态跟踪测量最有发展前途的研究方向之一.     

Z-空间上的有界线性泛函的性质

文章在次范整线性空间中利用Hahn-Banach扩张定理给出泛函存在定理,分隔性定理,这些定理推广赋范线性空间的泛函存在定理、分隔性定理.     

基于改进SAC-IA算法的激光点云粗配准

针对传统采样一致性初始配准(SAC-IA)算法存在收敛速度慢与精度不高等问题,提出一种改进SAC-IA算法。该算法利用扫描角限定方法对特征点选取进行几何约束;配准后两站点云特征点的FPFH直方图差值、欧氏距离差值和几何斜率差值同时作为误差修正标准;当变换矩阵满足精配准初始角度和平移要求时才输出该矩阵。通过实验仿真:该算法有效解决样点共线和局部的问题,有效缩短了算法时间,效率提高1倍以上;提供给精配准初始角度精度在10~(-2)量级,平移量精度提高3个数量级。     

基于成型过程数值模拟软件的模具型面设计

模具型面几何设计中最重要和最困难的就是压料面和工艺补充面的设计问题,其主要工作是确定成型方向和工艺补充的设计,工艺补充的设计包含工艺补充面和压料面的设计.在模具设计过程中,板料毛坯初始形状的合理设计对成型过程和零件成型质量都有很大的影响.     

无穷多项和求极限问题的探讨

针对求极限过程中的一个难点———无穷多项和求极限 ,可通过先求和、夹逼定理、无穷小分析法、定积分等四种方法加以解决。     

浅析PowerMILL在航空发动机整体叶轮数控编程中的应用

作为透平机械的关键部件,整体式叶轮广泛应用于航空航天等领域,其加工技术一直是透平制造业中的一个重要课题.从整体式叶轮的几何结构和工艺过程可以看出,加工整体式叶轮时,加工轨迹规划的约束条件比较多,相邻的叶片之间空间较小,加工时极易产生碰撞干涉,自动生成无干涉加工轨迹比较困难.因此,在加工叶轮的过程中不仅要保证叶片表面的加工轨迹,还要满足几何准确性的要求,而且由于叶片厚度的限制,要在实际加工中注意轨迹规划以保证加工的质量.     

基于传感器几何特性和图像特征的影像配准方法

“天绘一号”卫星是我国第一代传输型立体测绘卫星,搭载有三线阵CCD相机、多光谱相机和2m分辨率全色相机。多光谱相机波段间影像的配准是保证多光谱影像质量和有效应用的前提,在现有配准方法的基础上,文章提出了基于传感器几何特性和图像特征的配准方法来改善影像配准效果。这种方法首先基于相机几何特性对待配准图像进行调整,然后对图像进行局部多点取图,采用尺度不变特征变换（Scale Invariant Feature Transform,SIFT）法提取图像特征并进行初步匹配,利用匹配点领域灰度相关性来进行精匹配和误匹配点的剔除,最后获得图像位移差,进而完成图像配准。实验结果表明,这种方法能够提高多光谱波段间影像的配准成功率,准确率达到95％以上,大幅改善了匹配精度。     

水凝物对THz波辐射的衰减研究

文章基于水凝物粒子尺寸与THz波长的大小关系,分别利用Rayleigh近似、Mie理论以及几何光学方法计算了降雨和云雾引起THz波辐射的散射衰减。比较了不同强度的降雨和不同能见度、含水量的云雾对THz波的散射衰减。结果表明,随着频率的增大,THz波段雨衰减先增大后减小;在整个THz波段,含水量较小或能见度较低的云雾的衰减随频率的增大而单调增加,含水量较大或能见度较大的云雾的衰减随频率先增大后减小;在THz波段云雾衰减随能见度的减小和含水量的增加而增大,温度对THz波段的云雾衰减影响不大,在整个THz波段并不存在明显的规律。在THz波频率高端云雾影响较降雨要严重的多。     

Accuracy enhancement of the spherical actuator with a two-level geometric calibration method

This paper presents a two-level geometric calibration method for the permanent magnet （PM） spherical actuator to improve its motion control accuracy. The proposed actuator is com- posed of a stator with circumferential coils and a rotor with multiple PM poles. Due to the assembly and fabrication errors, the real geometric parameters of the actuator will deviate from their design values. Hence, the identification of such errors is critical for the motion control tasks. A two-level geometric calibration approach is proposed to identify such errors. In the first level, the calibration model is formulated based on the differential form of the kinematic equation, which is to identify the geometric errors in the spherical joint. In the second level, the calibration model is formulated based on the differential form of torque formula, which is to calibrate the geometric parameters of the magnetization axes of PM poles and coils axes. To demonstrate the robustness and availability of the calibration algorithm, simulations are conducted. The results have shown that the proposed two-level calibration method can effectively compensate the geometric parameter errors and improve the positioning accuracy of the spherical actuator.     

Generalized Kutta–Joukowski theorem for multi-vortex and multi-airfoil flow(a lumped vortex model)

For purpose of easy identification of the role of free vortices on the lift and drag and for purpose of fast or engineering evaluation of forces for each individual body,we will extend in this paper the Kutta–Joukowski(KJ) theorem to the case of inviscid flow with multiple free vortices and multiple airfoils. The major simplification used in this paper is that each airfoil is represented by a lumped vortex,which may hold true when the distances between vortices and bodies are large enough. It is found that the Kutta–Joukowski theorem still holds provided that the local freestream velocity and the circulation of the bound vortex are modified by the induced velocity due to the outside vortices and airfoils. We will demonstrate how to use the present result to identify the role of vortices on the forces according to their position,strength and rotation direction. Moreover,we will apply the present results to a two-cylinder example of Crowdy and the Wagner example to demonstrate how to perform fast force approximation for multi-body and multi-vortex problems. The lumped vortex assumption has the advantage of giving such kinds of approximate results which are very easy to use. The lack of accuracy for such a fast evaluation will be compensated by a rigorous extension,with the lumped vortex assumption removed and with vortex production included,in a forthcoming paper.