航拍视频帧间快速配准算法

 为应对相机运动的影响,提出了一种快速有效的无人机(UAV)视频相邻帧图像配准算法。通过空间分布约束和角点量限制来筛选有效的FAST特征点,引入自适应阈值提高特征点检测的环境适应性,采用训练得到的不相关采样点集对特征点进行二值描述,以获得准确快速的特征描述,并通过最近邻算法根据汉明距离获得特征匹配对,最后运用RANSAC方法得到帧间仿射变换模型参数,消除相机运动带来的影响,为后续运动目标检测与跟踪提供保障。实验结果表明该算法快速、稳定,具有较高的环境适应性,能够满足无人机系统视频图像配准的要求。     

Thermal-structural response and low-cycle fatigue damage of channel wall nozzle

To investigate the thermo-mechanical response of channel wall nozzle under cyclic working loads,the fnite volume fluid-thermal coupling calculation method and the fnite element thermal-structural coupling analysis technique are applied.In combination with the material lowcycle fatigue behavior,the modifed continuous damage model on the basics of local strain approach is adopted to analyze the fatigue damage distribution and accumulation with increasing nozzle work cycles.Simulation results have shown that the variation of the non-uniform temperature distribution of channel wall nozzle during cyclic work plays a signifcant role in the thermal-structural response by altering the material properties;the thermal-mechanical loads interaction results in serious deformation mainly in the front region of slotted liner.In particular,the maximal cyclic strains appear in the intersecting regions of liner gas side wall and symmetric planes of channel and rib,where the fatigue failure takes place initially;with the increase in nozzle work cycles,the residual plastic strain accumulates linearly,and the strain amplitude and increment in each work cycle are separately equal,but the fatigue damage grows up nonlinearly.As a result,a simplifed nonlinear damage accumulation approach has been suggested to estimate the fatigue service life of channel wall nozzle.The predicted node life is obviously conservative to the Miner＇s life.In addition,several workable methods have also been proposed to improve the channel wall nozzle durability.     

分层架构下基于模型的软件—体化开发

日益复杂的软件功能,高安全性系统的苛刻要求以及不断压缩的研制周期等因素推动了软件开发方法的创新。本文以机载软件为对象,介绍了基于模型和分层架构的一体化软件开发与验证方法。     

Autonomous navigation to quasi-periodic orbits near translunar Ubration points

Libration-point missions have been very useful and successful. Due to the unstable natures of most of these orbits, the long-time stationkeeping demands frequent maneuvers and precise orbit determinations. Earth-based tracking will have to undertake much more responsibilities with the increasing number of libration missions. An autonomous navigation system could offer a better way to decrease the need for Earth-based tracking. Nevertheless, when an autonomous navigation system is applied, there are three important factors affecting autonomous navigation accuracy, i.e., the accuracy of initial conditions, the accuracy of measurements, and the accuracy of onboard dynamics for propagation. This paper focuses on analyzing the influence from the third factor and finding an appropriate navigation dynamics, which can satisfy the requirement of estimation accuracy but not cause too much burden for onboard computation. When considering the restricted three-body model and the bicircular restricted four-body model as navigation dynamics, the astrin- gency is not shown during the simulations. Meanwhile, when considering the influences of the Sun＇s direct and indirect perturbations and the eccentricity of the Moon＇s orbit, a new navigation dynamic model with the standard ephemerides is proposed. The simulation shows the feasibility of the proposed model.     

非周期压电阻尼对失谐叶盘结构振动局部化抑制机理

将非周期压电阻尼技术引入失谐叶盘结构形成机电耦合系统,推导了机电耦合系统的动力学方程,从理论上分析了非周期压电系统对失谐叶盘结构振动局部化的抑制效果。构造了两种非周期压电系统模型:非周期压电分支模型和非周期压电网络模型。研究结果表明:与双周期压电网络系统相比,按照能量集中的程度不同连接而成的非周期压电系统具有更好的振动局部化抑制效果。在非周期压电网络系统的构造中,电阻不再是关键因素,而主要是通过电路形式改变整个叶盘结构中的能量分配情况,电感作为储能元件在其中至关重要。通过合理设计非周期压电网络电路形式,可以得到比非周期压电分支系统和双周期压电网络系统更好的振动局部化抑制效果。      

图像配准关键技术综述

图像采集设备的快速发展带来了图像种类和数量的迅速增加,图像拼接、融合等视觉系统提高了对图像配准的技术需求。图像配准利用原始图像数据或图像特征信息对输入图像的重叠区域进行变换和对齐,是为后续图像拼接、图像融合等图像处理任务提供操作基准的核心技术,是当前计算机视觉领域的热点研究问题。首先介绍了图像配准技术的主要应用领域及重大发展前景,然后说明了图像配准技术的基本框架和技术难点,详细阐述了基于特征以及基于区域的图像配准技术的实现算法及关键技术,分析了不同配准算法的优缺点及适用性,并对图像配准技术的发展前景进行了讨论和展望。     

Bang-Bang型电推进氙贮供系统两相流仿真研究与开闭周期优化

针对某Bang-Bang型电推进氙贮供系统,基于Amesim仿真平台搭建起流动、传热动态数值模型进行两相流仿真研究,采用MBWR状态方程准确揭示氙工质相态变化。仿真模型与试验数据对比验证后,对Bang-Bang阀开闭周期进行参数敏感性分析来优化系统设计。结果表明：系统各工作阶段Bang-Bang阀下游缓冲罐压强以及各极流量仿真结果与试验数据或额定值误差在1.76%以内。Bang-Bang阀在异步工作周期中,中间小气容由于焦汤效应而温度瞬间下降,氙工质由气态转变为两相态并持续0.315s。采用适中的开闭周期可以在缩短缓冲罐建压响应时间的同时实现Bang-Bang阀的长寿命使用。     

粘接条件对碳纤维增强复合材料四边形多胞结构耗能特性的影响

为研究多胞结构胞元间的粘接条件对结构耗能特性的影响,将碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料方管采用环氧树脂胶以不同粘接条件粘接在一起形成多胞结构,并进行了准静态压缩试验,分析了不同粘接条件下多胞结构的压缩破坏模式和耗能特性。研究结果表明：胞元间采用侧面粘接或底部粘接的方法可提高多胞结构的耗能特性;粘接底部比侧面粘接对多胞结构的耗能量和压缩载荷的影响更大;完全粘接试件的平均压缩载荷、耗能量和比吸能均最大。对于三胞结构而言,品字型三胞结构的耗能特性比L型三胞结构耗能特性更优。     

基于Kriging算法的手术导航三维形变技术

针对计算机辅助手术三维导航技术中无法利用术前CT重建模型进行病人个体化手术的问题,提出一种基于克里金(Kriging)算法的三维骨骼形变(bone morphing)技术.利用术中采集和医学图像模型的两片点云进行配准,在CT重建模型上选取4个合适的控制点,通过求解Kriging算法建立的方程组,获得CT重建模型上所有点相对于实际病例变形后的位置,实现医学图像模型向个体化的变形.最后,以人体股骨CT模型和塑料模型为对象进行了形变的精度分析和关节手术导航评估实验.结果表明:这种形变方法简单可靠,可以用于前交叉韧带(ACL,Anterior Cruciate Ligament)重建手术的导航评估.     

遗传算法在对数周期振子天线设计中的应用

首先简要介绍了对数周期振子天线(LPDA)理论的发展历史和本文采用的基本设计方法,其次在较详细地论述了遗传算法(基因算法)优化的步骤基础上,讨论了它在计算机优化设计LPDA中的应用.该算法的应用大大地简化了LPDA的设计过程,也显示了遗传算法在解决类似问题中的独到之处.最后给出了频率在0.1~1GHz的设计实例,获得了很好的结果.同时,本文就该算法在实际应用中优化变量和目标函数的选取方法进行了讨论;另外,还通过对该设计实例计算结果的分析,说明了在实际应用中,LPDA集总线终端接匹配负载和短路线时的天线性能差异,并给出了该现象的物理解释.