液体火箭发动机喷嘴动力学研究进展

对液体火箭发动机喷嘴动力学研究的有关文献进行了综述,从喷嘴动力学理论分析和实验研究两方面入手,对直流式、离心式喷嘴、敞口型离心式喷嘴和气液同轴喷嘴动力学的国内外研究进展进行了全面总结。从目前的研究结果来看,喷嘴动力学在解决燃烧不稳定方面具有重要意义,在未来液体火箭发动机研制中将起到更大作用。     

中国宇航学会空气动力与飞行力学专业委员会简介

一、概况 空气动力与飞行力学专业委员会成立于1986年，是我国空气动力与飞行力学领域各位专家、科技工作者所关注的一个全国性学术组织，从建立至今吸纳了航天科技集团、航天科工集团、中科院、总装二十九基地、国防科技大学、西北工业大学、哈尔滨工业大学、北京航空航天大学、北京理工大学等21个单位的著名专家、技术人员。该专业委员会是联系我国宇航科技工作者的桥梁和纽带，是发展我国空气动力学与飞行力学科技事业的重要社会力量。     

“托佩克斯/海神”退役

由于失去了机动能力．美法合作的“托佩克斯，海神”（全称为“地貌实验／海洋动力学综合监视与研究观测项目”）卫星在成功运行13年、绕地飞行近6．2万圈后，于最近停止工作。该卫星发射于1992年8月10日。它给海洋研究带来了一场革命．最早实现了对洋面地貌的连续全球观测．使人们能了解到海洋每周的重要变化。它的数据使有关海洋及其对全球气候的影响的认识产生了巨大改变．曾用于飓风和厄尔尼诺／拉尼娜现象预测、海洋与气候研究、船舶航线规划、海上工业、渔业管理、海洋哺乳动物研究、全球潮汐模型改进和海洋垃圾跟踪等。该卫星设计寿命为5年．但最终却成了历时最长的地球轨道雷达观测项目。它的用户遍及全球．包括54个国家的600多位科学家。星上用于保持轨道指向的俯仰反作用轮于去年10月9日失效．后续海洋研究卫星“贾森”1已在2001年12月发射．称为“洋面地貌任务”的另一颗卫星定于2008年升空．     

进气道出口堵盖打开爆炸冲击条件下固冲发动机动态响应分析

固冲发动机转级时进气道出口堵盖通常采用火工品爆炸方式打开,会对固冲发动机产生很大的瞬时冲击作用,进而影响弹体飞行姿态和弹上仪器的正常工作.借助Autodyn软件的显式动力学方法,对进气道出口堵盖打开时爆炸冲击响应进行了数值仿真分析,获得了固冲发动机不同位置的冲击加速度时域曲线和冲击响应谱曲线,并与试验结果进行了对比分析...     

WIFI AIDED INTEGRITY IMPROVEMENT IN MEMS INS/GNSS INTEGRATION

The reliability of global navigation satellite system （GNSS） positioning degrades when satellite signals are interfered. Such degradation is hard to be deteced by a micro-electro mechanical system （MEMS） based inertial system（INS）/GNSS, integrating navigation system with a conventional Kalman filtering, which results in poten- tial integrity problem of the system. Hence, an algorithm combining wireless fidelity （WiFi） signal with a federa- ted Kalman filter （FKF） is proposed to identify the system integrity in dense urban navigation. The criterion of the system integrity detection is created followed by the derivation of the integrity coefficient. The field test shows that integrity changes can be captured by applying WiFi, and the maximum positioning error is reduced by 67~ without compensation of inertial sensors in integrity deterioration.     

LEVEL DECISION-MAKING FOR AERO-ENGINE MODULES BASED ON INCREMENTAL KNOWLEDGE LEARNING

The maintenance of an aero-engine usually includes three levels, and the maintenance cost and period greatly differ depending on the different maintenance levels. To plan a reasonable maintenance budget program, airlines would like to predict the maintenance level of aero-engine before repairing in terms of performance parame- ters, which can provide more economic benefits. The maintenance level decision rules are mined using the histori- cal maintenance data of a civil aero-engine based on the rough set theory, and a variety of possible models of upda- ting rules produced by newly increased maintenance cases added to the historical maintenance case database are in- vestigated by the means of incremental machine learning. The continuously updated rules can provide reasonable guidance suggestions for engineers and decision support for planning a maintenance budget program before repai- ring. The results of an example show that the decision rules become more typical and robust, and they are more accurate to predict the maintenance level of an aero-engine module as the maintenance data increase, which illus- trates the feasibility of the represented method.     

FAST FEATURE RANKING AND ITS APPLICATION TO FACE RECOGNITION

A fast feature ranking algorithm for classification in the presence of high dimensionahty and small sample size is proposed. The basic idea is that the important features force the data points of the same class to maintain their intrinsic neighbor relations, whereas neighboring points of different classes are no longer to stick to one an- other. Applying this assumption, an optimization problem weighting each feature is derived. The algorithm does not involve the dense matrix eigen-decomposition which can be computationally expensive in time. Extensive exper- iments are conducted to validate the significance of selected features using the Yale, Extended YaleB and PIE data- sets. The thorough evaluation shows that, using one-nearest neighbor classifier, the recognition rates using 100-- 500 leading features selected by the algorithm distinctively outperform those with features selected by the baseline feature selection algorithms, while using support vector machine features selected by the algorithm show less prominent improvement. Moreover, the experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is particularly effi- cient for multi-class face recognition problem.     

旅游经济贡献度空间格局演化及驱动机理研究——以辽宁省14个地级市为例

旅游经济是当前旅游研究的热点问题。文章以辽宁省14个地级市为例,采用定量组合方法,研究旅游经济贡献度的时空格局演变趋势,基于影响因素的显著性揭示旅游经济贡献度的驱动机理。研究结果表明:(1)各地级市旅游经济贡献度差异较大,本溪、大连、盘锦位居前三名,而铁岭、阜新、朝阳位居后三位,其他城市居中;(2)各地级市旅游经济贡献度空间特征呈现明显的不均衡性,相对差异在不断缩小,总体差异保持稳定;(3)旅游经济贡献度的空间格局差异及演化是由诸多因素共同作用的结果。各项驱动力通过作用于相应代表性因素共同推进旅游经济贡献度演化和发展。     

湍流燃烧模拟中化学反应的加速算法研究进展

为研究湍流燃烧数值模拟中化学反应机理计算的加速方法,讨论了动态自适应化学（Dynamic Adaptive Chemistry,DAC）方法和Krylov子空间近似的指数格式的应用情况。在湍流火焰大涡模拟中,使用DAC简化可以加速化学反应计算。然而,在并行燃烧数值模拟中,处理器核心的负载极度不平衡,加速效果有限。而Krylov子空间近似的指数格式的加速效果可以作用于每个处理器核心,更有利于整体计算效率的提高。在同等精度下,相比于隐式格式耦合DAC和MTS加速方法,Krylov子空间近似的指数积分格式对化学反应计算的加速效果更为显著。     

仿鞭毛菌游动的微型机器人近壁运动

鞭毛菌及模仿其运行的微机器人在靠近壁面游动时,其运动模式与远离壁面时有所不同。针对这一现象,本文利用抗力理论和Stokes方程的线性性质,对鞭毛菌在壁面附近运动时流体对其施加的作用力进行分析,建立了鞭毛菌近壁运动的动力学模型。同时计算了细菌在平行于壁面平面内的运动轨迹与游动速度,并与实验数据进行对比分析,结果验证了该理论模型 的有效性。在此基础上,探讨了鞭毛尾的几何和运动学参数与细菌的速度变化量之间的关系。本文研究为微型仿生游动机器人运动控制时规避近壁效应提供参考依据。