基于MPC的民用涡扇发动机主动容错控制研究

在民用涡扇发动机模型预测控制器设计的基础上,提出一种隐性判断故障并调整控制律的主动容错控制方案。首先建立正常模式及各种已知故障模式的动态模型库,然后在每个采样周期判断当前发动机状态与动态模型库中各模型的匹配度,选择最佳匹配的预测模型,以其预测控制算法作为该时刻的子控制器,且保证各子控制器间能够平滑切换。最后以两种事先考虑的部件级故障,及某种未知故障的情况为例,进行了主动容错控制仿真,结果表明监控决策机制能够在0.5s内判断故障并给出切换指令,切换逻辑能保证不同子控制器间的平滑过渡,验证了该方法的有效性。     

“四极型”防辐射航天器构架设想

采用"四极型"布置的主动静电场防辐射方法,减少使用厚重的防辐射材料,减轻发射质量。主舱体和金属防护球的外壳结构采用柔性材料,其支撑架能够通过机械结构灵活收缩膨胀。采用卷式薄膜太阳翼,展开前卷装在用于支撑金属防护球的外部支撑杆内壁中。设计结果表明,此航天器构架能够自由伸缩和膨胀,可提高空间利用率,从而满足一次发射的需求,并可长期使用,具有较好的经济效益。     

直升机飞行控制技术发展综述

本文介绍了直升机先进飞行控制系统的发展概况和趋势,并针对我国未来先进直升机发展的需求,提出了我国未来先进直升机飞行控制技术研究的一些关键技术,为今后国内先进直升机飞行控制技术的发展提供参考。     

国外旋翼主动控制技术研究进展

简要介绍美国波音公司、欧洲直升机公司及一些研究机构在旋翼主动控制技术研究工作的进展.利用新颖材料激励后缘襟翼能达到降低直升机振动、噪声、提高直升机飞行性能的目标.目前正在将这一技术扩展,研究用于旋翼飞行控制系统,以取代传统的自动倾斜器的可行性.     

俄罗斯三款新型空空导弹浮出水面

俄罗斯战术导弹公司（TRV）在今年莫斯科航展上展示了几款新导弹：RVV-SD、RVV-IVE）和Kh-35UE。RVV-SD和RVV-MD分别是基于R-77（AA-12“蝰蛇”）主动雷达制导中距空空导弹和R-73（AA-11“弓箭手”）红外近距格斗导弹改进的出口型。Kh-35UE则是Kh-35空射反舰导弹的增程型。TRV公司表示，这几款新型导弹的推出将进一步提高俄罗斯空空导弹在国际武器市场的竞争力。     

载人航天器液体回路主动热控技术

液体回路主动热控技术是发展载人航天器必须解决的关键技术之一。和被动热控技术相比,其传热能力强,控温范围宽,控制精度高。本文系统地阐述了液体回路的组成、热控机理和调温方法,介绍了泵、阀门、热交换器等主要部件的作用、性能特点及国外的发展、应用状况等,并对一些关键技术进行了分析。     

构造拓扑修形齿面的面齿轮传动主动设计

为了改善加工参数较少的面齿轮传动的啮合性能,提出了用给定的啮合性能对面齿轮和小齿轮齿面进行拓扑修形设计的方法.面齿轮用插齿法加工,面齿轮与插齿刀的转角关系由预设的传动误差确定,由此确定面齿轮的拓扑修形齿面.然后用接触路径的位置及其方向和接触椭圆的大小构造小齿轮的拓扑修形齿面,该齿面用共轭点接触法磨齿加工,建立了小齿轮拓扑修形齿面与加工参数之间的线性方程.结果表明:齿面接触分析(TCA)获得的传动误差、接触路径与预设的传动误差、接触路径相同,TCA仿真的椭圆长度与预设椭圆长度相差范围为0.175 2~1.16mm.     

Characteristics of motorized spindle supported by active magnetic bearings

A motorized spindle supported by active magnetic bearings（AMBs） is generally used for ultra-high-speed machining. Iron loss of radial AMB is very great owing to high rotation speed, and it will cause severe thermal deformation. The problem is particularly serious on the occasion of large power application, such as all electric aero-engine. In this study, a prototype motorized spindle supported by five degree-of-freedom AMBs is developed. Homopolar and heteropolar AMBs are independently adopted as radial bearings. The influences of the two types of radial AMBs on the dynamic characteristics of the motorized spindle are comparatively investigated by theoretical analysis, test modal analysis and actual operation of the system. The iron loss of the two types of radial AMBs is analyzed by finite element software and verified through run-down experiments of the system. The results show that the structures of AMB have less influence on the dynamic characteristics of the motorized spindle. However, the homopolar structure can effectively reduce the iron loss of the radial AMB and it is useful for improving the overall performance of the motorized spindle.     

Active flutter suppression of a multiple-actuated-wing wind tunnel model

In this study, a multi-input/multi-output（MIMO） time-delay feedback controller is designed to actively suppress the flutter instability of a multiple-actuated-wing（MAW） wind tunnel model in the low subsonic flow regime. The unsteady aerodynamic forces of the MAW model are computed based on the doublet-lattice method（DLM）. As the first attempt, the conventional linear quadratic-Gaussian（LQG） controller is designed to actively suppress the flutter of the MAW model. However, because of the time delay in the control loop, the wind tunnel tests illustrate that the LQG-controlled MAW model has no guaranteed stability margins. To compensate the time delay, hence, a time-delay filter, approximated via the first-order Pade approximation, is added to the LQG controller. Based on the time-delay feedback controller, a new digital control system is constructed by using a fixed-point and embedded digital signal processor（DSP） of high performance. Then, a number of wind tunnel tests are implemented based on the digital control system.The experimental results show that the present time-delay feedback controller can expand the flutter boundary of the MAW model and suppress the flutter instability of the open-loop aeroelastic system effectively.     

基于A320飞机横航向控制律架构的LQ设计

前缘缝翼、襟翼活动面及其支承结构的疲劳试验是民用飞机取证前要开展的一项重要工作。在试验中采用主动驱动和随动加载方法加载,不仅能缩小试验规模,同时可提高试验精度。国内某型机采用此技术成功进行了前缘缝翼、襟翼及其悬挂结构的疲劳试验。从试验件及其支承设计、系统构成和载荷与运行三方面,介绍了一种适用于大中型固定翼飞机前缘缝翼和襟翼的疲劳试验技术。