适合空间应用的高速图像压缩核设计

针对空间遥感图像压缩的具体应用,给出了基于CCSDS ［1］ 算法的 高速图像压缩核的设计和实现。对CCSDS算法的实现方法进行了优化,算法的VLSI架构 设计充分利用了流水和并行技术,使处理速度相比串行方式平均提高了40倍。压缩验证系统 实验结果表明压缩核在编码效率、处理速度和容错能力上均具有较高的性能,50MHz频 率下压缩核的数据处理速度可达12.5Mpixels／s。     

遥感图像运动模糊恢复方法及评价标准研究

遥感成像系统与目标在曝光时间内的相对运动将导致成像的运动模糊。文章结合匀速直线运动造成的图像模糊特点,讨论图像模糊的产生机理并建立相关退化模型;利用点扩散函数（PSF）在频率域和空间域上分别对匀速直线运动产生的模糊图像进行恢复;验证各算法对高斯噪声的抗干扰性;提出使用HVS对比度的方法作为客观评价标准验证恢复算法的可行性,并与传统的灰度平均梯度（GMG）相对比表明该评价标准的合理性。     

微振动对高分辨率空间相机成像影响的集成分析

文章应用集成建模思想对某型高分辨率空间相机进行了微振动影响的结构-光学集成分析。首先分别建立了该空间相机的微振动载荷模型、结构有限元模型和光学系统模型。然后对微振动载荷作用下的结构有限元模型进行动力学分析,获得空间相机各光学元件的响应位移,并输入到Code V光学模型中做光学系统仿真分析,得出MTF下降和像移情况。通过结果数据的对比分析表明,空间相机对沿坐标轴平动和转动的6种微振动载荷具有不同的响应敏感性,为改进设计、隔振抑振提供了参考。     

嫦娥二号月球卫星CCD立体相机在轨图像分析

嫦娥二号月球卫星从2010年10月1日发射至今,已在轨运行近2年,除全部完成预定的工程与科学目标外,还完成了若干扩展科学试验。CCD立体相机获得了月球虹湾地区的35轨空间分辨率约为1．3m的局域立体图像,以及7m空间分辨率、100％覆盖的全月立体图像,是迄今为止国际上分辨率最高、最清晰的全月立体图像。文章在简要介绍在轨图像获取情况的基础上,对15km／100km椭圆轨道及100km圆轨道上获取的图像进行了分析,重点讨论了拍摄时的太阳高度角对图像视觉效果以及图像信息量的影响,可为中国今后探测其他星球提供一定的参考。     

一种具有高保真度光谱的遥感图像快速融合法

针对全色和多光谱遥感图像的融合,本文提出了一种基于快速IHS融合技术的小波融合新方法。为提高融合结果图像的光谱保真度,采用了基于改进主成分分析的低频小波系数智能自适应算法融合策略,其主观视觉分析和客观评价结果显示,与传统加权平均、以及平均与选择相结合的低频融合规则相比,本算法在保证能够大幅度提高融合图像清晰度的同时,较大程度地降低了它的光谱畸变度;另外,由于将快速IHS融合技术引入了基于小波分解的融合方法中,大大降低了程序的运行时间,因此本算法在实时性方面也得到了显著提高。将其应用到更大尺寸的巨幅遥感图像的融合中,它的实时性效果更显著。     

隐身飞行器电磁散射特性分析

为对隐身飞行器的探测手段进行研究和指导隐身飞行器的研制,研究其电磁散射特性。采用外形逆向建模、理论预估和散射测量、强散射源减缩相结合的手段,对隐身飞行器的隐身性能进行预估。该方法具有精度高、速度快的优点,适合在隐身飞行器研制方案设计阶段使用。     

Unsteady flow phenomena associated with leading-edge vortices

This paper presents selected results from extensive experimental investigations on turbulent flow fields and unsteady surface pressures caused by leading-edge vortices, in particular, for vortex breakdown flow. Such turbulent flows may cause severe dynamic aeroelastic problems like wing and/or fin buffeting on fighter-type aircraft. The wind tunnel models used include a generic delta wing as well as a detailed aircraft configuration of canard-delta wing type. The turbulent flow structures are analyzed by root-mean-square and spectral distributions of velocity and pressure fluctuations. Downstream of bursting local maxima of velocity fluctuations occur in a limited radial range around the vortex center. The corresponding spectra exhibit significant peaks indicating that turbulent kinetic energy is channeled into a narrow band. These quasi-periodic velocity oscillations arise from a helical mode instability of the breakdown flow. Due to vortex bursting there is a characteristic increase in surface pressure fluctuations with increasing angle of attack, especially when the burst location moves closer to the apex. The pressure fluctuations also show dominant frequencies corresponding to those of the velocity fluctuations. Using the measured flow field data, scaling parameters are derived for design purposes. It is shown that a frequency parameter based on the local semi-span and the sinus of angle of attack can be used to estimate the frequencies of dynamic loads evoked by vortex bursting.     

Remnants of compact binary mergers

We investigate the long-term evolution and observability of remnants originating from the merger of compact binary systems and discuss the differences to supernova remnants. Compact binary mergers expel much smaller amounts of mass at much higher velocities, as compared to supernovae, which will affect the dynamical evolution of their remnants. The ejecta of mergers consist of very neutron rich nuclei. Some of these neutron rich nuclei will produce observational signatures in form of gamma ray lines during their decay. The composition of the ejecta might even give interesting constraints about the internal structure of the neutron star. We further discuss the possibility that merger remnants appear as recently discovered ‘dark accelerators’ which are extended TeV sources which lack emission in other bands.     

Longitudinal distribution of thermospheric densities and ionization rates in the upper atmosphere of Mars at mid-latitude using MGS ACC data

The Accelerometer Experiment (ACC) onboard Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) measured 1600 density profiles in the upper atmosphere of Mars during aerobraking. These measurements reveal large-scale and small-scale structure in the thermosphere of Mars. Here, the measurements of mass density for 115 orbits (#P0670–P0789) from November 1 to 30, 1998, under spring equinox and medium solar activity conditions (average F_10.7 ∼ 137) during phase 2 of the aerobraking in the thermosphere of Mars at different altitudes and longitudes are presented for northern mid-latitude (17–42°N) in the dayside atmosphere using ACC onboard MGS. From these mass densities, the neutral densities of different gases are derived from their mixing ratios. Using these neutral densities, the longitudinal distribution of photoionization rates and photoelectron impact ionization rates are calculated at wavelength range 1–102.57 nm due to EUV and soft X-ray radiation under photochemical controlled region using Analytical Yield Spectrum approach (AYS). These conditions are appropriate for MGS Phase 2 aerobraking period from which the accelerometer data is used. Under the photochemical equilibrium condition, the electron density near the peak varies as the square root of the total peak ionization rate. Using this fact, an attempt is being made to estimate the mean primary and secondary peak electron density by averaging the longitudinal variations of total peak ionization rates in the northern mid-latitude (17–42°N) ionosphere of Mars, as there is no radio science measurement at this latitude region by MGS.     

RNSS上行L频段新划分的回顾及风险评述

从国际频率划分规定的角度，回顾了2000年世界无线电通信大会（WRC-2000）对1300～1350MHz频段做出卫星无线电导航业务新划分的背景、研究过程、最终划分结果及相关条款等历史状况，同时对卫星无线电导航业务上行信号使用该频段存在的限制和风险进行了分析及评述。