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Amin Beiranvand Pour Mazlan Hashim 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
This study investigates the application of spectral image processing methods to ASTER data for mapping hydrothermal alteration zones associated with porphyry copper mineralization and related host rock. The study area is located in the southeastern segment of the Urumieh–Dokhtar Volcanic Belt of Iran. This area has been selected because it is a potential zone for exploration of new porphyry copper deposits. Spectral transform approaches, namely principal component analysis, band ratio and minimum noise fraction were used for mapping hydrothermally altered rocks and lithological units at regional scale. Spectral mapping methods, including spectral angle mapper, linear spectral unmixing, matched filtering and mixture tuned matched filtering were applied to differentiate hydrothermal alteration zones associated with porphyry copper mineralization such as phyllic, argillic and propylitic mineral assemblages. 相似文献
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In this paper the detection of components of volcanic eruption has been carried out investigating, in appropriate bands of the electromagnetic spectrum (6.25, 8.7, 10.8, 12 μm), the values of the brightness temperature. The analysis has been performed in the Thermal Infrared Region (TIR) studying both the absorption–emission and scattering phenomena related to the interactions between electromagnetic radiation and volcanic emissions. The results have been achieved by means of a combined use of numerical simulations, devoted to examining the behaviour of the atmosphere gases and volcanic components, and remotely sensed satellite images. The proposed methodologies allow an estimate of the amount of gaseous and solid components, of the size of the emitted particles, of the height of the volcanic plume and of the distance of the volcanic components from the crater. The processed images come from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) sensor on board the geo-stationary satellite Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) and take into consideration an eruption of the Etna volcano as a study case (1st of April 2012, 04:30 and 05:30 UTC). The procedures are general and may therefore be extended to any other similar case. 相似文献
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Omid Gohardani 《Progress in Aerospace Sciences》2011,47(4):280-303
High speed of aero vehicles including commercial and military aircraft, missiles, unmanned air vehicles, as well as conceptual aircraft of the future are imposing larger restrictions on the materials of these vehicles and highlight the importance of adequate quantification of material behavior and performance during different flight conditions. Erosion due to weather conditions and other present particles such as hydrometeors; rain, hail and ice, as well as sand, volcanic ash and dust resulting from residues in the atmosphere are eminent as hazardous on the structure of a flying vehicle and may adversely influence the lifecycle of the structure. This study outlines an extensive review of research efforts on erosion in aviation and provides a basis for comparison between different apparatus simulating rain erosion and their usage within the aerospace industry. The significant aspects of erosion testing and future prospects for erosion impact are further addressed for forthcoming generations of flying vehicles. 相似文献
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In this study, a new GVS(Ground Volcanic Scoria) lunar regolith simulant was produced. The similarity between GVS and lunar soil was proved by comparison with Apollo lunar soil samples and other commercial lunar soil simulants. Then, GVS lunar regolith simulant was investigated as the source material for preparing geopolymer to produce building material for lunar colony construction. To study the possibility of preparing geopolymer from GVS lunar regolith simulant and the optimum activator formu... 相似文献
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Doris Breuer Steven A. Hauck II Monika Buske Martin Pauer Tilman Spohn 《Space Science Reviews》2007,132(2-4):229-260
The interior evolution of Mercury—the innermost planet in the solar system, with its exceptional high density—is poorly known.
Our current knowledge of Mercury is based on observations from Mariner 10’s three flybys. That knowledge includes the important
discoveries of a weak, active magnetic field and a system of lobate scarps that suggests limited radial contraction of the
planet during the last 4 billion years. We review existing models of Mercury’s interior evolution and further present new
2D and 3D convection models that consider both a strongly temperature-dependent viscosity and core cooling. These studies
provide a framework for understanding the basic characteristics of the planet’s internal evolution as well as the role of
the amount and distribution of radiogenic heat production, mantle viscosity, and sulfur content of the core have had on the
history of Mercury’s interior.
The existence of a dynamo-generated magnetic field suggests a growing inner core, as model calculations show that a thermally
driven dynamo for Mercury is unlikely. Thermal evolution models suggest a range of possible upper limits for the sulfur content
in the core. For large sulfur contents the model cores would be entirely fluid. The observation of limited planetary contraction
(∼1–2 km)—if confirmed by future missions—may provide a lower limit for the core sulfur content. For smaller sulfur contents,
the planetary contraction obtained after the end of the heavy bombardment due to inner core growth is larger than the observed
value. Due to the present poor knowledge of various parameters, for example, the mantle rheology, the thermal conductivity
of mantle and crust, and the amount and distribution of radiogenic heat production, it is not possible to constrain the core
sulfur content nor the present state of the mantle. Therefore, it is difficult to robustly predict whether or not the mantle
is conductive or in the convective regime. For instance, in the case of very inefficient planetary cooling—for example, as
a consequence of a strong thermal insulation by a low conductivity crust and a stiff Newtonian mantle rheology—the predicted
sulfur content can be as low as 1 wt% to match current estimates of planetary contraction, making deep mantle convection likely.
Efficient cooling—for example, caused by the growth of a crust strongly in enriched in radiogenic elements—requires more than
6.5 wt% S. These latter models also predict a transition from a convective to a conductive mantle during the planet’s history.
Data from future missions to Mercury will aid considerably our understanding of the evolution of its interior. 相似文献
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金星火山和气候探测任务(Venus Volcano Imaging and Climate Explorer,VOICE)聚焦金星火山与热演化历史、水与板块运动、内部结构和动力学、气候演化和生命信息探索等重大科学问题,提出采用极化合成孔径雷达(Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar,PolSAR) 、下视与临边结合的微波辐射探测仪(Microwave Radiometric Sounder,MWRS)和紫外–可见–近红外多光谱成像仪(Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared Multispectral Imager,UVN-MSI)等三个先进的有效载荷,在350 km圆轨道上对金星全球表面和大气联合探测。 PolSAR将对金星全球表面进行高分辨多极化雷达成像;MWRS将对金星全球云下大气的热力结构和化学组成,云中可能的宜居环境及与生命相关大气成分进行探测;UVN-MSI则实现大气全貌成像、表面光谱成像和闪电检测。通过多种先进探测载荷和技术手段的结合,VOICE任务将揭示金星构造热演化历史和超温室效应机理,探索其宜居性和生命信息。VOICE任务的实施将实现国际金星研究探索中许多“零”的突破,为理解行星宜居性和太阳系演化提供极为关键的观测支持,对提升中国在国际深空探测与空间科学研究中的地位产生重大影响。 相似文献
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