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1.
Alexis Petit Alessandro Rossi Elisa Maria Alessi 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2021,67(12):4177-4192
The Earth orbital environment is drastically changing due to an intensification of the space activities. In particular, several projects of large constellations, proposed for the next years for communications purpose like global internet access, Internet of Things, or for Earth observations, will lead to the deployment of several thousands of new satellites at an unprecedented rate. It is a crucial challenge for space traffic management, which will deal with a great number of satellite conjunctions, potentially causing a collision with damaging consequences for the constellation itself and the space environment sustainability.In this paper, we investigate the close approach frequency and the cumulative collision probability for each referenced constellation. For this purpose, we compute the orbital evolution of satellites in different constellations during the lifecycle, from the deployment to the decommissioning, and we apply the CUBE algorithm and the Foster method to assess the collision probability with the background space debris population assuming a constant uncertainty in position. We show the variation of risk defined by the close approach frequency and the cumulative collision probability as a function of the proposed configuration. In particular, satellites of the Iridium and Kuiper constellation, but also satellite of the Telesat constellation on polar orbits are the most exposed at a collision. Moreover, the decommissioning phase contribute for a major part to the final cumulative collision probability. 相似文献
2.
《中国航空学报》2020,33(11):2851-2863
Recent years have witnessed a booming of the industry of civil Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS). As an emerging industry, the UAS industry has been attracting great attention from governments of all countries and the aviation industry. UAS are highly digitalized, informationized, and intelligent; therefore, their integration into the national airspace system has become an important trend in the development of civil aviation. However, the complexity of UAS operation poses great challenges to the traditional aviation regulatory system and technical means. How to prevent collisions between UASs and between UAS and manned aircraft to achieve safe and efficient operation in the integrated operating airspace has become a common challenge for industry and academia around the world. In recent years, the international community has carried out a great amount of work and experiments in the air traffic management of UAS and some of the key technologies. This paper attempts to make a review of the UAS separation management and key technologies in collision avoidance in the integrated airspace, mainly focusing on the current situation of UAS Traffic Management (UTM), safety separation standards, detection system, collision risk prediction, collision avoidance, safety risk assessment, etc., as well as an analysis of the bottlenecks that the current researches encountered and their development trends, so as to provide some insights and references for further research in this regard. Finally, this paper makes a further summary of some of the research highlights and challenges. 相似文献
3.
多年来信用风险都是各国银行所面临的主要风险,由于历史的原因我国国有银行的信用风险管理问题显得更为突出.针对国有银行信用风险管理现状,引入最新的金融工程的方法和理念,从技术创新和制度创新的角度对国有银行的信用风险管理提出建议. 相似文献
4.
The short- and long-term effects of spacecraft explosions, as a function of the end-of-life re-orbit altitude above the geostationary orbit (GEO), were analyzed in terms of their additional contribution to the debris flux in the GEO ring. The simulated debris clouds were propagated for 72yrs, taking into account all the relevant orbital perturbations.The results obtained show that 6–7 additional explosions in GEO would be sufficient, in the long term, to double the current collision risk with sizable objects in GEO. Unfortunately, even if spacecraft were to re-orbit between 300 and 500km above GEO, this would not significantly improve the situation. In fact, an altitude increase of at least 2000km would have to be adopted to reduce by one order of magnitude the long-term risk of collision among geostationary satellites and explosion fragments. The optimal debris mitigation strategy should be a compromise between the reliability and effectiveness of spacecraft end-of-life passivation, the re-orbit altitude and the acceptable debris background in the GEO ring. However, for as long as the re-orbit altitudes currently used are less than 500km above GEO, new spacecraft explosions must be avoided in order to preserve the geostationary environment over the long term. 相似文献
5.
金永利 《中国民航学院学报》2005,23(5):1-6
国际性特征日趋明显的中国航空公司正面临着金融市场上的诸多不确定性,其中利率风险日益凸显.将Convexity模型这一在西方发达国家较为成熟的风险管理工具引入中国,并将其应用到中国航空公司的风险管理实践,对利率风险进行了极为精确的量化评估,最后给出了相应的规避方法. 相似文献
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7.
本文通过引进决策方案的可行度和决策者参考目标水平的满足度等概念,提出了一种不确定条件下的多目标随机决策方法——交互式参考目标满足度与可行度决策分析中,取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
8.
袁皓 《郑州航空工业管理学院学报(管理科学版)》2006,24(6):62-65
从终端使用者的角度探讨了衍生金融产品在企业风险管理中的作用。首先回顾了企业风险管理的历史演变进程,指出衍生金融产品创新是金融市场对企业在利率、汇率和大宗产品国际价格变动加剧的环境下进行风险管理需求的反应。随后研究了衍生金融工具风险管理的内在机制,揭示衍生产品风险管理具有的低成本、高流动性和可靠性的特点。最后运用案例分析了当前金融衍生产品终端用户应注意的问题。 相似文献
9.
经济评价是项目投资风险分析的重要工作。本文阐述了投资项目经济评价的目的,意义,内容及特点,介绍了经济评价的方法及程序;提出了经济评价工作中应注意的事项。 相似文献
10.