多跑道协同运行模式优化方法

繁忙机场飞行区运行能力低下导致空中交通拥堵及航班延误现象频发,机场系统亟需扩容增效与排堵保畅。为有效平衡机场容流供需,研究了多跑道协同运行模式优化方法。综合考虑机场布局、交通流特性、气象条件等因素,提出了多跑道协同运行模式分类方法;基于跑道容量包络线理论,通过引入容量损失系数客观反映模式切换特点,建立了多跑道协同运行模式优化模型;结合多目标优化及遗传算法基本理论,设计了带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA）,对模型进行了准确求解。仿真实验表明,模型可对多跑道协同运行模式进行优化配置,有效实现机场容量与流量之间的均衡。与单一固定模式相比,多元组合模式优化效果显著,其中航班延误成本减少了38.1%,航班调整数量减少了46.4%,所提方法可显著提升多跑道协同运行能力,有效提高航班正常性。     

红外与可见光图像融合的空间碎片识别方法

针对暗弱空间环境中空间碎片的识别问题,提出了一种光照不均匀环境中的空间碎片识别方法。不同于现有识别方案,该方法从光照不均匀导致空间碎片图像源细节丢失造成识别性能下降的角度出发,首先将空间碎片的红外和可见光图像进行深度融合,并建立空间碎片融合图像数据库,然后基于训练样本采用深度学习技术训练得到空间碎片识别模型。算法分析表明,该图像融合方案具有高度的细节保留能力,识别模型具有在暗弱环境中高精度目标识别能力。最后进行了仿真实验,实验结果表明,该识别方案在姿态变化、图像源亮度变化等干扰条件下都具有较好的鲁棒性。     

变频系统中交流电弧故障特性及检测技术

目前,交流电弧故障特性分析基本上都是基于恒频系统,先进飞机交流电源系统向变频电源方向发展,频率变化范围为360～800 Hz。交流电弧故障的特征量如电流变化率、平肩段比例、谐波分量等都会随着频率而变化,因此恒频系统的电弧故障检测算法无法完全适用于变频系统中。基于此,本文搭建了交流电弧故障实验平台,在115 V/360～800 Hz条件下模拟了串行和并行电弧故障。在此基础上,分析了不同频率条件下故障电流的变化规律,从时域和频域角度研究了交流电弧故障电流的特征,提取了电流有效值的标准差、奇次谐波功率和、偶次谐波功率和作为变频系统电弧故障检测的特征量,最后设计并验证了交流电弧故障检测算法的有效性和可行性。     

ADS-B在机场场面监视中的应用研究

本文对现有机场场面监视技术做了分析比较,给出了基于ADS-B技术的场面监视系统框架,对ADS-B的报文传输协议做了解析。研究和分析结果可以为ADS-B在场面监视中的应用提供参考。     

In-orbit operation and performance of the CubeSat Soft X-ray polarimeter PolarLight

PolarLight is a compact soft X-ray polarimeter onboard a CubeSat, which was launched into a low-Earth orbit on October 29, 2018. In March 2019, PolarLight started full operation, and since then, regular observations with the Crab nebula, Sco X-1, and background regions have been conducted. Here we report the operation, calibration, and performance of PolarLight in the orbit. Based on these, we discuss how one can run a low-cost, shared CubeSat for space astronomy, and how CubeSats can play a role in modern space astronomy for technical demonstration, science observations, and student training.     

考虑脆弱性的航空发动机剩余寿命预测

比例危险模型采用协变量的方式综合多个参数实现对系统的剩余寿命预测,已在航空发动机中得到了应用。然而由于传统比例危险模型是以假设多个研究样本独立同分布,即基本失效率相同为基础的,但对于航空发动机而言,由于运行环境和使用的不同,基本失效率存在差异。研究表明,忽略样本之间的差异会导致估计结果存在严重偏差。为此,本研究将引入用于表达样本之间非独立性的脆弱性概念,针对航空发动机,建立更具普遍性的脆弱性比例危险模型,首次应用于航空发动机的剩余寿命预测。通过实例表明,基于脆弱性比例危险模型得到的预测结果平均误差为4.6%,而基于传统比例危险模型的预测结果平均误差为6.9%,验证了脆弱性比例危险模型在航空发动机剩余寿命预测中的有效性。     

抽吸气流量对催化惰化系统性能影响

基于耗氧型惰化系统惰化原理,建立了绿色低温催化惰化系统（3CGIS）的AMESim仿真模型,研究了绿色低温催化惰化系统抽吸气流量对惰化时间的影响,以及飞行包线内燃油箱气相空间氧气体积分数变化。将计算结果与试验数据进行对比,结果表明,飞行包线内燃油箱气相空间氧气体积分数计算结果与试验结果基本一致,验证了仿真模型的正确性。在此基础上,得到抽吸气流量与惰化时间近似呈反比关系;当惰化时间一定时,抽吸气流量随载油率的降低而增加;针对下降阶段燃油箱气相空间氧气体积分数可能超过12%,提出一种双流量惰化模式设计方法,可保证氧气体积分数在整个飞行包线内低于12%。仿真结果为绿色低温催化惰化系统的设计与优化提供了依据。      

非合作目标智能感知技术研究进展与展望

智能感知是实现航天器在轨精细化操控过程的关键技术,是在轨服务技术智能化的重点发展方向之一。空间目标智能感知包括位姿测量、三维重建与部位识别等关键技术,涉及小样本、多模态、模型适应与高维数据等问题。从工程应用角度出发,对非合作目标智能感知技术的研究现状进行系统的梳理与总结。首先,总结典型非合作在轨感知系统与光学敏感器技术的发展现状;其次,归纳总结了非合作目标智能感知涉及的关键技术;最后,基于研究现状总结和关键技术分析,探讨了非合作目标智能感知目前存在的主要问题,并给出后续发展的建议。     

A new hybrid aerodynamic optimization framework based on differential evolution and invasive weed optimization

Since many aerodynamic optimization problems in the area of aeronautics contain highly nonlinear objectives and multiple local optima, it is still a challenge for most of the traditional optimization methods to find the global optima. In this paper, a new hybrid optimization framework based on Differential Evolution and Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO_DE/Ring) is developed, which combines global and local search to improve the performance, where a Multiple-Output Gaussian Process (MOGP) is used as the surrogate model. We first use several test functions to verify the performance of the IWO_DE/Ring method, and then apply the optimization framework to a supercritical airfoil design problem. The convergence and the robustness of the proposed framework are compared against some other optimization methods. The IWO_DE/Ring-based approach provides much quicker and steadier convergence than the traditional methods. The results show that the stability of the dynamic optimization process is an important indication of the confidence in the obtained optimum, and the proposed optimization framework based on IWO_DE/Ring is a reliable and promising alternative for complex aeronautical optimization problems.     

Reduction of satellite electromagnetic scattering by carbon nanostructured multilayers

We propose a low observable satellite covered by layered materials. The dielectric properties of the composite materials are analyzed using the coaxial air-line method. Our solution could result in cost-effective applications for satellite stealthness. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to design and optimize layered absorbers. The obtained reflection is below −20 dB in many frequency subranges, also under an oblique incident condition, within the band 2–18 GHz. The optimized layered absorbers are used as a cloak for cube satellites. In particular, we investigated a very simple geometry by using a finite element commercial software in the band from 2 to 18. Finally, the transmission through an aperture on the satellite surface is analyzed. It is highlighted that the optimized layered absorbers attenuate the electric field within the satellite, improving its immunity against electromagnetic interferences.