扑翼的变刚度设计及其对升力和推力的影响

为提高扑翼飞行器的升力和推力以提高其飞行性能,运用生物扑翼的仿生原理,研究扑翼飞行器的扑翼升力和扑翼推力随扑翼刚度变化的机理。借鉴"变刚度关节机构和平面转动冗余并联机构通过调节张力改变刚度"这一机构学原理,运用变刚度关节机构相互串联实现扑翼在扑动方向上变刚度,同时运用平面转动冗余并联机构实现扑翼在扭转方向上变刚度。建立扑翼的扑动关节刚度和扭转机构刚度随预张力变化的模型,并通过实验和仿真验证扑翼扑动关节刚度和扭转机构刚度随预张力的变化。研究扑翼的升力和推力与扑翼刚度之间的关系,验证了通过调节扑翼刚度匹配其扑动频率可以提高扑翼的升力和推力。     

公-自转耦合的滚针轴承保持架振动特性

建立了含公-自转耦合的行星轮滚针轴承动力学微分方程组,采用gear stiff（GSTIFF）变步长积分算法对微分方程组进行求解,对比研究了有无公转工况下保持架的打滑率和振动特性,分析了公-自转耦合工况下结构参数和工况参数对两者的影响。结果表明:纯自转工况下保持架振动加速度幅频图各倍频处对应1个幅值,公-自转耦合工况下各倍频处对应2个幅值;在公-自转耦合工况下,保持架振动幅值随径向力和公转速度的增大而增大,随自转速度的增大而减小,存在一个最优间隙比,即间隙比为1左右时使保持架振动幅值最小;保持架打滑率变化趋势与纯自转时一致,但数值减小且减幅越来越大;综上,公-自转耦合工况下会增大保持架径向振动特性,减小周向振动特性。      

球柱联合转台轴承摩擦力矩特性

为研究球柱联合转台轴承摩擦力矩特性,建立了轴承的力学模型,采用Newton-Raphson法对模型进行求解。分析了轴承摩擦力矩产生机理,建立了摩擦力矩计算模型,利用试验机对模型进行了试验验证,研究了不同结构参数对轴承摩擦力矩的影响。结果表明:所建立的模型可较好的实现轴承摩擦力矩预测,轴承摩擦力矩与轴向载荷、倾覆力矩和轴承转速呈正相关;减小初始轴向游隙可显著降低轴承摩擦力矩;钢球数量存在一个最优值使轴承摩擦力矩最小;沟曲率半径存在合理区间使轴承综合性能最优;适当减小保持架质量可有效降低轴承摩擦力矩。研究结果为球柱联合转台轴承的优化设计提供了理论依据。     

Experimental and numerical study of deposition mechanisms for cold spray additive manufacturing process

Cold spray is an attractive and rapidly developing process for additive manufacturing with high efficiency and precision, repairing and coating, especially in aircraft and aerospace applications. Cold spray additive manufacturing deposits micro-particles with large plastic deformation below their melting point, eliminating heat effect zone which could deteriorate the quality of repairing zone. The particle deposition in cold spray is a complex process which involves high strain rate,high contact...     

基于改进人工势场法的无人机避让航迹规划

随着无人机技术的不断发展,以及无人机应用领域的不断扩展,无人机与有人机在低空空域的融合运行是我国通用航空事业发展的必然趋势,而感知与规避技术是无人机与有人机间避免碰撞的重要保障。在对感知与规避技术进行详细阐述的基础上,对其关键技术问题之一的避让航迹规划进行了研究。首先,针对传统人工势场法的局部震荡问题提出了解决方案;其次,结合感知与规避实际背景,对威胁区模型进行了优化,并对无人机自身性能约束进行了建模;最后,对改进算法进行了仿真验证,阐明了其对无人机动力能源消耗、避让时间和任务执行效率等方面的影响。     

航空发动机主轴滚子轴承非典型失效机理

针对某航空发动机圆柱滚子轴承的非典型失效问题,基于滚动轴承动力学理论,考虑滚子动不平衡量及滚子与套圈挡边间的碰摩,建立高速圆柱滚子轴承的动力学微分方程组,采用预估-校正GSTIFF（Gear stiff）变步长积分算法进行求解,分析了轴承工况参数和结构参数对动不平衡滚子的最大歪斜角和滚子与挡边最大碰撞力的影响。结果表明：滚子最大歪斜角和滚子与挡边最大碰撞力大小随滚子动不平衡量、轴承内圈转速增加而增大,与径向载荷间未表现出明显的相关性;较小的轴向游隙能够有效抑制滚子歪斜,但会增大滚子与挡边碰撞力,存在合理的轴向游隙范围使得在滚子歪斜角不会过大的情况下滚子与挡边碰撞力较小;较小的保持架兜孔周向游隙与挡边负背角和较大的滚子球端面半径能够减小滚子最大歪斜角和滚子与挡边最大碰撞力。     

基于PSO-RWE的自适应小波阈值函数滚动轴承振动信号去噪方法

针对现有小波去噪方法存在阈值函数中未知参数选取依赖经验,导致去噪不充分或去噪后信号失真的问题。提出了一种基于相对小波熵(RWE)的粒子群优化(PSO)算法,用于小波阈值函数中未知参数的自适应寻优,达到滚动轴承振动信号自适应降噪目的。改进了一种含两未知参数的小波阈值函数;以相对小波熵为优化算法的适应度函数对未知参数进行自适应寻优,得到最优小波阈值函数;通过对模拟仿真信号和试验采集的滚动轴承振动信号进行分析。结果表明:优化后的小波去噪方法能够更好地将噪声从染噪信号中滤除,去噪后信号波形的平滑度更好,信噪比相较硬阈值去噪提高294%,而且保留了原始信号更多的细节特征,具有更好的去噪性能和应用实用价值。     

基于LTSA融合降维法的滚动轴承可靠性评估方法

为了保障滚动轴承在给定工况下安全平稳地运行,提出了一种基于局部切空间排列(LTSA)和威布尔比例故障率模型(WPHM)的滚动轴承可靠性评估方法.该方法提取滚动轴承整个寿命周期的时域、频域、时频域及统计等不同分析域上的特征指标,从中筛选出包含滚动轴承运行状态的特征指标,构建出高维多域特征集;利用局部切空间排列算法对高维多...     

Pressure performance for a thin-walled ring and turbulent-jet orifice modeled elastic squeeze film damper

This paper explores an analytical model for Elastic Ring Squeeze Film Damper (ERSFD) with thin-walled ring and turbulent-jet orifices, and uncovers its Oil Film Pressure Performance (OFPP). Firstly, the ring deformation is addressed by using the Fourier series expansion approach and the orifice outflow rate is characterized with the Prandtl boundary layer theory. Secondly, applying finite difference scheme, the influence of elastic ring flexibility, orifice diameter, and attitude angle on the OFPP is analyzed. Finally, Outer chamber pressure was measured experimentally at different rotor speeds. The results indicate that the outer chamber pressure coats an individual load-carrying region and spreads symmetrically pertaining to the attitude angle. Its amplitude drops as the elastic ring flexibility decreases but boosts with the reduction of the orifice diameter. For inner chamber pressure, the orifice diameter effects a similar trend to the outer cavity, but exhibits more stable distribution regarding the attitude angle. Minimizing the elastic ring flexibility causes an increase in amplitude. The model is validated by the test results giving that the outer chamber pressure shifts synchronously and periodically with the variation of the attitude angle, while the pressure amplitude increases slightly at higher rotor speeds.     

Virtual baseline method for Beidou attitude determination – An improved long-short baseline ambiguity resolution method

Ambiguity resolution (AR) is a critical step for successful attitude determination using carrier phase measurements of a satellite navigation system such as Beidou. This paper proposes an improved method for AR in support of Beidou attitude determination based on the concept of a “virtual baseline”. In the traditional long-short baseline method, the short baseline is limited to a length less than half of the carrier wave length of the Beidou signals. In the proposed method, a virtual short baseline is formed by differencing two collinear baselines. The AR equations for virtual short and long baselines are derived and the factors impacting the AR accuracy are analysed. Numerical simulation studies were carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed AR method. The simulation results confirmed that the proposed method is an improvement over the traditional approach -- not only is it easier to deploy collinear antennas but also it keeps the capability of epoch-by-epoch AR, which makes it immune to cycle slips and there is no need for initialisation of ambiguity searching.