GNSS外辐射源雷达低慢小目标探测概率

尽管全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)外辐射源雷达具有信号源广泛、覆盖率高、容易进行时间同步等特点，受到了国内外研究机构的广泛关注，但由于卫星位置变化和单颗卫星的目标探测性能有限，难以满足实际探测需求。根据几何构型给出GNSS外辐射源雷达双基地角计算方式，仿真研究双基地角与目标雷达散射截面积(RCS)的关系，分析探测时间与目标最大探测距离的关系，得到目标探测概率的理论表达式，并据此评估基于GPS L5信号的外辐射源雷达在单星、多源融合及前后向协同探测模式的目标探测概率。仿真结果表明：单星前向和后向探测模式的有效探测时间覆盖率不足1%，采用前后向协同及多源融合的探测方式，可有效提升GNSS外辐射源雷达的目标探测性能至25%；通过采用连续扫描检测的方式实时改变接收天线的照射方向进行目标探测，在前后向协同的多源融合探测模式下，有效探测时间覆盖率达到98.96%，基本满足全天时有效探测需求。     

Energy-efficient data collection for UAV-assisted IoT: Joint trajectory and resource optimization

Internet of Things (IoT) can be conveniently deployed while empowering various applications, where the IoT nodes can form clusters to finish certain missions collectively. As energy-efficient operations are critical to prolong the lifetime of the energy-constrained IoT devices, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) can be dispatched to geographically approach the IoT clusters towards energy-efficient IoT transmissions. This paper intends to maximize the system energy efficiency by considering both the IoT transmission energy and UAV propulsion energy, where the UAV trajectory and IoT communication resources are jointly optimized. By applying large-system analysis and Dinkelbach method, the original fractional optimization is approximated and reformulated in the form of subtraction, and further a block coordinate descent framework is employed to update the UAV trajectory and IoT communication resources iteratively. Extensive simulation results are provided to corroborate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于虚拟圆球模型的格网SINS/GNSS极区组合导航方法

由于地球椭球模型下格网系惯性导航系统力学编排复杂,因此,在推导格网系惯性导航误差方程时使用地球圆球模型来简化计算.针对此问题,提出了基于地球虚拟圆球模型下的格网系惯性导航力学编排,并在此基础上推导了格网系误差方程,设计了基于虚拟圆球模型下的格网系捷联惯性导航系统(SINS)与全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)的组合导航系统,实现了组合导航系统模型统一化.将中、低纬度跑车实验数据通过虚拟极区方法转换为极区实验数据,实验结果表明:稳定后姿态误差低于0.3',速度误差低于0.1m/s,位置误差低于5m,可以满足极区航行的导航精度要求.     

基于卫星导航的铁路列车控制系统自主定位技术研究进展

基于卫星导航的车载自主化列车控制是智能铁路技术体系的关键组成部分。对中国列车控制系统体系架构进行了梳理,分析了列控专用列车自主定位基本结构及与列控系统的接口模式。结合列车运行控制对安全性的特定需求,探讨了列车自主定位性能需求体系,介绍了国内外基于卫星导航的新型列车控制系统的发展情况,阐述了列车自主定位技术内涵及主要研究进展,从多源感知融合无缝定位、列车卫星定位主动增强、定位专用轨道地图数据库、自主定位性能测试评估等多个方面进行了全面系统的梳理和分析,介绍了伪卫星增强列车定位、轨旁卫星定位增强网络、地理分布式零现场虚拟测试设施等典型成果,并对前沿技术运用演进、关键场景融合优化、复杂环境安全防护、跨层协同全息感知、专用标准规范体系等未来发展方向进行了展望。     

通导一体化概念框架与关键技术研究进展

通导一体化是综合PNT体系发展的重要组成部分和关键方向。对通信导航一体化的概念进行了探讨，提出了通信导航弹性融合的概念框架。面向综合PNT体系需求，设计了通导一体网络化PNT系统架构，阐述了通导一体化关键技术的研究进展，从通导一体化信号、信道、接收处理、网络架构、网络管理等多个角度进行了全面系统的梳理和分析；介绍了低轨通导融合、区域自组网通导融合、5G+UWB协同等典型成果，并对网信场图、智能网管、博弈对抗等通导一体化技术未来发展方向进行了展望。     

Vulnerability analysis of the Chinese coupled aviation and high-speed railway network

The integrated aviation and High-Speed Railway (HSR) transportation system plays a vital role for today’s inter-city transportation services. However, an increasing number of unexpected disruptions (such as operation failures, natural disasters, or intentional attacks) pose a considerable threat to the normal operation of the system, especially on ground transfer, leading to the extensive research on its vulnerability. Previous approaches mainly focus on interruptions within a single transportation mode, neglecting the role of ground transfer which serves as a coupled connection between aviation and High-Speed Railway. This paper proposes a network-based framework for evaluating the vulnerability of the Chinese Coupled Aviation and High-Speed Railway (CAHSR) network from the viewpoint of ground transfer interruption. Taking the end-to-end travel time and passenger flow information into consideration as an evaluation measure and analyzing from the perspective of urban agglomerations, an adaptive method is developed to identify the critical cities and further investigate their failure impacts on the geographic distribution of vulnerability. In addition, the proposed model explores variations of vulnerability under different failure time intervals. Based on the empirical study, some major conclusions are highlighted as follows: (A) Only a few cities show significant impacts on the network’s vulnerability when ground transfer interruptions occurred. (B) The distribution of vulnerability is not proportional to the distance between failure city and influenced city. (C) The vulnerability is more serious in the morning and evening when the ground transfer is disconnected. Our findings may provide new insights for maintenance and optimization of the CAHSR network and other real-world transportation networks.     

Response of quasi-10-day waves in the MLT region to the sudden stratospheric warming in March 2020

We present an analysis of the response of quasi-10-day waves (Q10DWs) to the sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event which occurred on March 23, 2020. The Q10DWs are observed in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region by three meteor radars, which are located at middle latitudes along the 120°E meridian from Mohe (MH, 53.5°N, 122.3°E), Beijing (BJ, 40.3°N, 116.2°E), to Wuhan (WH, 30.5°N, 114.6°E). The Q10DWs reveal similar temporal and altitudinal variations during the SSW in the MLT region at the three stations. The activities of Q10DWs are also captured in the temperature measurements from the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) on the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics satellite in the MLT region. Further analysis of the Q10DW phases indicates that the Q10DWs might be in situ generated due to mesospheric instabilities at higher latitudes around MH and then propagate southward to lower latitudes at BJ and WH. The atmospheric instabilities are not directly responsible for the excitations of Q10DWs at lower latitudes, while the observed equatorward propagation of the Q10DWs is important. Our result provides the observational evidence for latitudinal couplings in the MLT region after the SSW onset, which is achieved by southward propagating planetary waves in the MLT region.     

基于M-AFSA的MPRM逻辑电路面积优化

现有基于传统智能优化算法的MPRM电路面积优化算法存在效果差的问题。由于MPRM电路面积优化属于组合优化问题，先提出一种多策略协同进化人工鱼群算法（MAFSA），该算法引入基于反向学习的种群初始化策略，以提高种群多样性及初始种群解的质量；引入觅食与追尾交互性策略，以加强人工鱼个体之间的信息交流、提高所提算法的收敛速度；引入自适应扰动策略，以增加人工鱼个体位置变异的随机性、避免所提算法陷入局部最优。此外，提出一种MPRM逻辑电路面积优化方法，利用所提算法来搜索电路面积最小的最佳极性。基于北卡罗莱纳州微电子中心（MCNC）Benchmark电路的实验结果表明：与遗传算法相比，所提算法优化电路平均面积百分比最高为57.24%，平均为39.57%；与人工鱼群算法相比，所提算法优化电路平均面积百分比最高为33.53%，平均为14.54%；与改进的人工鱼群算法相比，所提算法优化电路平均面积百分比最高为30.25%，平均为13.86%。     

A geographical and operational deep graph convolutional approach for flight delay prediction

Flight delay prediction has attracted great interest in civil aviation community due to its significant role in airline planning, flight scheduling, airport operation, and passenger service. Flight delay is affected by numerous factors and irregularly propagates in air transportation networks owing to flight connectivity, which brings critical challenges to accurate flight delay prediction. In recent years, Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have become popular in flight delay prediction due to the advantage in extracting complicated relationships. However, most of the existing GCN-based methods have failed to effectively capture the spatial–temporal information in flight delay prediction. In this paper, a Geographical and Operational Graph Convolutional Network (GOGCN) is proposed for multi-airport flight delay prediction. The GOGCN is a GCN-based spatial–temporal model that improves node feature representation ability with geographical and operational spatial–temporal interactions in a graph. Specifically, an operational aggregator is designed to extract global operational information based on the graph structure, while a geographical aggregator is developed to capture the similar nature among spatially close airports. Extensive experiments on a real-world dataset demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods with a satisfying accuracy improvement.     

新型微光机电系统惯性测量技术研究进展

微惯性测量单元(MIMU)是惯性导航系统(INS)的核心组件，亦是构建微定位导航授时（μ-PNT）系统的重要组成部分。当前成熟的微惯性测量单元主要基于微机电系统（MEMS）实现，其性能逐渐难以满足新型无人驾驶车、无人飞行器以及制导弹药、航空航天器等军民用领域对高精确惯性导航的需求。近年来,各种新型微惯性测量技术相继被提出，以期望突破微惯性测量单元的性能与尺寸、质量、功耗（SWaP）之间相互制约的关键技术难题。系统总结了近年来国内外在常规MEMS惯性测量技术以及新型微光机电系统（MOEMS）惯性测量、微腔光力惯性测量、量子精密测量等几类新型惯性测量技术方面的研究进展，展望了未来新型高精度惯性测量技术的发展趋势，并提出了一种基于腔光力系统的量子增强型惯性测量技术构想。