涡扇发动机故障诊断硬件在回路实时仿真平台

硬件在回路仿真是发动机故障诊断算法由理论转向实际工程应用的重要阶段,但目前航空发动机故障诊断算法的研究多数处于软件数字仿真阶段。构建民用涡扇发动机故障诊断算法硬件在回路实时仿真验证平台,开发考虑健康退化的民用涡扇发动机多维调度分段线性化模型,分析并模拟仿真民用涡扇发动机的四类典型常见故障。经过对相关诊断算法进行实验验证,表明该平台及使用的模型和方法都是行之有效的,具有一定的工程使用价值。     

用于可重构机床控制系统的电力线通信技术

介绍了可重构机床对通信系统的要求,提出了一种基于宽带电力线通信(PLC,Power Line Communication)技术的新型通信系统.通过对机床电力线的信道特性和噪声频谱的分析与测量,选定了通信系统的载波频率和带宽等参数.为了对抗电力线信道的多径效应,提高频谱利用率,实现可靠高效的数据传输,采用正交频分复用技术(OFDM,OrthogonalFrequency Division Multiplex)作为调制解调方式.开发了PLC调制解调器,定义了物理层帧结构.最后以机床主轴伺服系统为例对该通信系统进行了实验验证.实验结果表明,该系统实现了有效数据传输率10 Mbit/s,误比特率(BER,Bit Error Rate)小于10-8的高效数据传输.     

降低PLC系统峰均比的低复杂度改进SLM算法

针对信道慢时变特性及噪声复杂的特点,提出了适用于低压电力线通信的降低峰均比的改进算法.改进算法对原始输入序列中的部分数据进行循环移位来获得一系列不同的新数据序列;在每个新数据序列尾部插入相应的边带信息组成一个输入候选序列;对这一系列不同的输入候选序列分别实施傅里叶反变换,得到不同的输出序列;从中选择峰均比最小的用于传输,达到降低系统峰均比的目的.结果表明:改进算法能够有效地降低系统的峰均比,并且能够获得更好的误码率性能,同时具有比传统选择性映射方法更低的计算复杂度.     

Systematic Geometric Error Modeling for Workspace Volumetric Calibration of a 5-axis Turbine Blade Grinding Machine

A systematic geometric model has been presented for calibration of a newly designed 5-axis turbine blade grinding machine. This machine is designed to serve a specific purpose to attain high accuracy and high efficiency grinding of turbine blades by eliminating the hand grinding process. Although its topology is RPPPR (P: prismatic; R: rotary), its design is quite distinct from the competitive machine tools. As error quantification is the only way to investigate, maintain and improve its accuracy, calibration is recommended for its performance assessment and acceptance testing. Systematic geometric error modeling technique is implemented and 52 position dependent and position independent errors are identified while considering the machine as five rigid bodies by eliminating the set-up errors of workpiece and cutting tool. 39 of them are found to have influential errors and are accommodated for finding the resultant effect between the cutting tool and the workpiece in workspace volume. Rigid body kinematics techniques and homogenous transformation matrices are used for error synthesis.     

基于多核融合的目标大面积遮挡处理方法

提出了一种基于多核融合的目标遮挡处理方法,用于提高大面积遮挡情况下视觉目标跟踪算法的鲁棒性和准确性.与现有基于单个对称核加权直方图的mean shift跟踪算法不同,该方法以目标区域内的多个非中心位置为核函数中心,构建多个非对称核加权直方图.由于这些直方图对目标的不同区域赋予了不同的权重,使得在遮挡发生时总存在一些直方图受影响较小.依据各个直方图分别进行mean shift迭代获得一组目标位置估计后,利用D-S证据理论融合判定最终的目标位置.实验结果表明,该方法在目标被大面积遮挡时仍能够获得准确的跟踪.     

Evolution of the out-of-plane amplitude for quasi-periodic trajectories in the Earth–Moon system

The out-of-plane amplitude along quasi-periodic trajectories in the Earth–Moon system is highly sensitive to perturbations in position and/or velocity as underscored recently by the ARTEMIS spacecraft. Controlling the evolution of the out-of-plane amplitude is non-trivial, but can be critical to satisfying mission requirements. The sensitivity of the out-of-plane amplitude evolution to perturbations due to lunar eccentricity, solar gravity, and solar radiation pressure is explored and a strategy for designing low-cost deterministic maneuvers to control the amplitude history is also examined. The method is sufficiently general and is applied to the L₁ quasi-periodic orbit that serves as a baseline for the ARTEMIS P2 trajectory.     

The BOSS and BIOMEX space experiments on the EXPOSE-R2 mission: Endurance of the desert cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis under simulated space vacuum,Martian atmosphere,UVC radiation and temperature extremes.

The proposed space experiments BOSS (Biofilm Organisms Surfing Space) and BIOMEX (BIOlogy and Mars experiment) will take place on the space exposure facility EXPOSE-R2 on the International Space Station (ISS), which is set to be launched in 2014. In BOSS the hypothesis to be tested is that microorganisms grown as biofilms, hence embedded in self-produced extracellular polymeric substances, are more tolerant to space and Martian conditions compared to their planktonic counterparts. Various microbial biofilms have been developed including those obtained from the cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis isolated from hot and cold deserts. The prime objective of BIOMEX is to evaluate to what extent biomolecules are resistant to, and can maintain their stability under, space and Mars-like conditions; therefore a variety of pigments and cell components are under investigation to establish a biosignature data base; e.g. a Raman spectral library to be used for extraterrestrial life biosignatures. The secondary objective of BIOMEX is to investigate the endurance of extremophiles, focusing on their interactions with Lunar and Martian mineral analogues. Ground-based studies are currently being carried out in the framework of EVTs (Experiment Verification Tests) by exposing selected organisms to space and Martian simulations. Results on a desert strain of Chroococcidiopsis obtained from the first set of EVT, e.g. space vacuum, Mars atmosphere, UVC radiation, temperature cycles and extremes, suggested that dried biofilms exhibited an enhanced survival compared to planktonic lifestyle. Moreover the protection provided by a Martian mineral analogue (S-MRS) to the sub-cellular integrities of Chroococcidiopsis against UVC radiation supports the endurance of this cyanobacterium under extraterrestrial conditions and its relevance in the development of life detection strategies.     

Design and Application of Discrete Sliding Mode Control with RBF Network-based Switching Law

This article proposes a novel approach combining exponential-reaching-law-based equivalent control law with radial basis function (RBF) network-based switching law to strengthen the sliding mode control (SMC) tracking capacity for systems with uncertainties and disturbances. First, SMC discrete equivalent control law is designed on the basis of the nominal model of the system and the adaptive exponential reaching law, and subsequently, stability of the algorithm is analyzed. Second, RBF network is used to form the switching law in a direct and online manner with sliding-mode-related inputs and by approximating evaluation function; and the method to adjust its parameters is devised. Finally, comparable experiments are carried out to verify the application of the proposed approach to an inner-axis driven by a direct current (DC) torque motor through extra-low speed servo for a high precision flight simulator, and the axis works under deteriorating conditions such as periodically fluctuating torques of motor, nonlinear friction, and time-varying model parameters. The results show that the combined SMC can effectively improve the servo performance, for instance, to a stable 0.000 08 (°)/s speed response, the tracking error would be within 0.000 08° in 98% of operating times. Moreover, the hybrid nature of the approach imparts the RBF network the features of removing offline training and ease to set initial parameters.     

Optimization Based on Convergence Velocity and Reliability for Hydraulic Servo System

This article presents an optimal hybrid fuzzy proportion integral derivative (HFPID) controller based on combination of proportion integral derivative (PID) and fuzzy controllers, by which the parameters could be evaluated by global optimization either in convergence velocity or in convergence reliability. Focusing on the nonlinear factors of hydraulic servo system, this article takes advantage of PID and fuzzy logic controller integrated with scaling factors to acquire precise tracking performances. To further improve the performances, it provides new developed optimization with rapid convergence to attain reliable approach probability. Focusing on the performance indictors of evolutionary algorithm, this article presents a new technique to predict reliability of the optimization algorithm. Statistics authenticates the effectiveness and robustness of the optimization. Further, many simulation and experimental results indicate that the optimal HFPID could acquire perfect immunity against parametric uncertainties with external disturbance.