非正交弧线齿面齿轮齿面设计及根切研究

非正交弧线齿面齿轮是以端面渐开线弧线齿圆柱齿轮为假想刀具包络展成的面齿轮。根据面齿轮啮合原理推导了非正交弧线齿面齿轮齿面方程,结合Matlab数学模型和根切理论研究了该种面齿轮的根切现象,计算出面齿轮不产生根切的最大内径,并通过Catia仿真滚齿来验证计算的准确性。该研究旨在提出一种新型非正交面齿轮,通过理论推导及仿真模拟来研究该种面齿轮的根切现象,在此基础上探究非正交弧线齿面齿轮的内径影响因素。研究结果表明:在同等参数下,当位置参数增大时,刀具渐开线截面高度和内径逐渐减小,当刀具圆弧半径增大时,内径逐渐减小,刀具渐开线截面高度逐渐增大。     

航空发动机适航审定喘振与失速影响因素

将气动热力基础理论与适航领域工程问题有机结合,对典型的喘振和失速影响因素开展了系统的研究,发展了一套多影响因素作用下航空发动机稳定裕度快速预估方法;在此基础上以JT9D发动机为研究对象,开展了喘振和失速主要影响因素的影响规律研究,结果显示对风扇部件稳定裕度影响权重最大的是进气畸变,对增压级和高压压气机影响权重最大的是寿命期内结构衰变。研究结果进一步明确了喘振和失速适航条款符合性验证活动的关键要素,完善了条款适航符合性验证流程,为进一步提升我国民用发动机适航审定能力提供了技术支撑。     

Optimal guidance for reentry vehicles based on indirect Legendre pseudospectral method

Development of a feasible guidance scheme for reentry vehicles is a challenge because of its significant nonlinearity and multi-constraints. A method for the implementation of three-degree-of-freedom guidance for constrained reentry vehicle is presented in the paper. First, the constrained trajectory is generated by Legendre pseudospectral method (LPM) and then the feasibily of the trajectory is validated. Based on the obtained reference trajectory, the guidance problem is converted into a trajectory state regulation problem which is a linear time varying system. A robust state feedback guidance law is generated in real time using indirect Legendre pseudospectral feedback method. Finally, simulation results illustrate that the overall guidance scheme can lead to a very accurately controlled flight with all the constraints satisfied even in the presence of initial state uncertainty.     

Optimization of space system development resources

NASA has had a decades-long problem with cost growth during the development of space science missions. Numerous agency-sponsored studies have produced average mission level cost growths ranging from 23% to 77%.A new study of 26 historical NASA Science instrument set developments using expert judgment to reallocate key development resources has an average cost growth of 73.77%. Twice in history, a barter-based mechanism has been used to reallocate key development resources during instrument development. The mean instrument set development cost growth was −1.55%. Performing a bivariate inference on the means of these two distributions, there is statistical evidence to support the claim that using a barter-based mechanism to reallocate key instrument development resources will result in a lower expected cost growth than using the expert judgment approach.Agent-based discrete event simulation is the natural way to model a trade environment. A NetLogo agent-based barter-based simulation of science instrument development was created. The agent-based model was validated against the Cassini historical example, as the starting and ending instrument development conditions are available. The resulting validated agent-based barter-based science instrument resource reallocation simulation was used to perform 300 instrument development simulations, using barter to reallocate development resources. The mean cost growth was −3.365%. A bivariate inference on the means was performed to determine that additional significant statistical evidence exists to support a claim that using barter-based resource reallocation will result in lower expected cost growth, with respect to the historical expert judgment approach.Barter-based key development resource reallocation should work on spacecraft development as well as it has worked on instrument development. A new study of 28 historical NASA science spacecraft developments has an average cost growth of 46.04%. As barter-based key development resource reallocation has never been tried in a spacecraft development, no historical results exist, and a simulation of using that approach must be developed. The instrument development simulation should be modified to account for spacecraft development market participant differences. The resulting agent-based barter-based spacecraft resource reallocation simulation would then be used to determine if significant statistical evidence exists to prove a claim that using barter-based resource reallocation will result in lower expected cost growth.     

基于双框架控制力矩陀螺的航天器动量管理

为减小维持大型航天器的姿态稳定和降低能量消耗的动量管理中的扰动力矩对姿态稳定的干扰,设计了周期性抑制滤波器。姿态控制的执行机构采用双框架控制力矩陀螺群（DGCMGs）,应用KENNEL操纵率,使航天器执行机构的角动量在本体系的x轴分量和偏航角可达稳定,同时角动量在本体系的z轴分量和滚转角可在较小的范围内振荡。数值仿真结果验证了方案的可行性。     

A low-thrust transfer between the Earth–Moon and Sun–Earth systems based on invariant manifolds

A low-energy, low-thrust transfer between two halo orbits associated with two coupled three-body systems is studied in this paper. The transfer is composed of a ballistic departure, a ballistic insertion and a powered phase using low-thrust propulsion to connect these two trajectories. The ballistic departure and insertion are computed by constructing the unstable and stable invariant manifolds of the corresponding halo orbits, and a complete low-energy transfer based on the patched invariant manifolds is optimized using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm on the criterion of smallest velocity discontinuity and limited position discontinuity (less than 1 km). Then, the result is expropriated as the boundary conditions for the subsequent low-thrust trajectory design. The fuel-optimal problem is formulated using the calculus of variations and Pontryagin's Maximum Principle in a complete four-body dynamical environment. Then, a typical bang–bang control is derived and solved using the indirect method combined with a homotopic technique. The contributions of the present work mainly consist of two points. Firstly, the global search method proposed in this paper is simply handled using the PSO algorithm, a number of feasible solutions in a fairly wide range can be delivered without a priori or perfect knowledge of the transfers. Secondly, the indirect optimization method is used in the low-thrust trajectory design and the derivations of the first-order necessary conditions are simplified with a modified controlled, restricted four-body model.     

On-orbit determination and adjustment of electrostatic accelerometer lever arm

In order to ensure the proof mass center of electrostatic accelerometer (EA) is fixed at the center of gravity of satellite as precisely as possible, an on-orbit determination and adjustment strategy of EA lever arm is presented in this paper. The EA lever arm is determined using the observations of EA, gyro and magnetometer first. Then it is adjusted by screw slider mechanism. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can be carried out several times to yield better accuracy. Meanwhile, the optimal geographic location for EA lever arm determination along each axis is found.     

基于查表的开环MPM预失真器

提出了一种基于查表的开环记忆多项式模型(MPM,Memory Polynomial Model)预失真器.从MPM预失真器系数估计和执行信号预失真处理两方面加以考虑.首先,利用预失真器和高功率放大器(HPA,High Power Amplifier)传输特性的互补性,由采集到的HPA输入、输出基带数据进行单次最小二乘估计得到MPM预失真器的系数,避免了以往递归结构的收敛性和计算量大等问题.然后,利用MPM预失真器的特点,建立了基于输入信号强度索引的一维向量表,通过查表实现MPM预失真器的幂次累加项,极大地减少了实现预失真器所需的计算量及硬件开销.仿真显示,采用提出的预失真器可以有效补偿HPA对信号的记忆非线性失真,有效带宽内获得了近20 dB的功率改善,也显著改善了系统误码性能.     

Numerical simulation of a rotary engine primary compressor impacted by bird

In order to examine the process of a rotary engine primary compressor impacted by bird, a finite element model of a bird impacted on plate is developed with the explicit code PAM-CRASH. The smooth particles hydrodynamic (SPH) method is used to simulate the bird because of the SPH method showing no signs of instability and correctly modeling the breaking-up of the bird into particles. Good agreement between the simulation results and experimental results indicates that the numerical method of bird strike used in the present paper is reasonable. Then a rotary engine primary compressor impacted by three different configurations bird named straight-ended cylinder bird, quadrangular bird, hemispherical-ended bird are investigated using the numerical simulation method. It is found that the whole process of bird strike sustained about 3.5 ms and the bird is slashed by blade during the strike. The geometry configuration of bird affected the displacement and von Mises stress of some blades severely, just because the breaking bird’s mass is affected by the bird’s configuration. In the event of bird striking on the site of"up"some blades may develop plastic deformation and it is very adverse for the safety work of the engine.     

基于实用参数控制的翼型参数化方法

在翼型的优化设计中,通常要对二元翼型进行参数化方法表示,其目标是利用较少的参数得到足够大的设计空间。分析了Hicks-Henne型函数叠加法和PARSEC几何参数法的特点和不足,提出了利用厚度、弯度等实用参数进行翼型定义的方法,该方法可以通过厚度和弯度参数更加直观地理解翼型轮廓和翼型基本气动性能。通过分析3种方法对5种翼型的最小二乘拟合结果得出结论:实用参数法的误差分布比较平均,且能够比另外两种方法更精确地表示翼型。