面向航空节点的IP/LEO卫星网络移动性管理方法(英文)

Taking into chief consideration the features of aviation nodes in satellite networks, such as high moving speed, long communication distance, and high connection frequency, this article proposes an aviation-oriented mobility management method for IP/low earth orbit （LEO） satellite networks. By introducing the concept of ground station real-time coverage area, the proposed method uses ground-station-based IP addressing method and cell paging scheme to decrease the frequency of IP binding update requests as well as the paging cost. In comparison with the paging mobile IP （P-MIP） method and the handover-independent IP mobility management method, as is verified by the mathematical analysis and simulation, the proposed method could decrease the management cost. It also possesses better ability to support the aviation nodes because it is subjected to fewer influences from increased node speeds and newly coming connection rates.     

涡轮叶片尾缘通道中纵向肋对换热特性的影响

采用冷凝水蒸汽的实验方法,测量三种不同类型纵向肋对叶片尾缘通道的换热影响.系统的研究了孔径为2.6mm的带孔平肋,波峰孔径为3mm、波谷孔径为2.2mm的波浪肋,和不带孔平肋之间的换热和流阻比较,实验结果表明:当Re<20000时,波浪肋的换热优于带孔平肋,当Re>50000时,波浪肋换热不及不带孔平肋.且波浪肋流阻远低于不带孔平肋和带孔平肋.      

高超声速飞行器推进模块的设计参数分析

通过斜激波理论、准一维工程估算和特征线方法建立了一个与飞行器机体一体化的推进系统模块的气动分析模型,其中采用参考温度法估算模块的粘性效应。在此基础上分别研究了飞行器前体长度、前缘角及推进模块宽度等关键设计参数对推进模块气动性能的影响。结果表明:增大模块前体长度将使模块的升力、净推力和比冲先增后降;增加前缘角将增加升力,但降低净推力;增加模块宽度会导致等效升力下降。因此,在设计此类高超声速巡航飞行器时,应采用模块化的推进系统并折衷选择前体长度和前缘角的大小。      

SolidWorks二次开发在燃面计算中的应用

以SolidWorks二次开发接口为基础,探讨了参数化设计在固体火箭发动机装药燃面计算中的应用.通过不同的药柱建模方法实现了固体药柱的装药计算,发展了一种更为简单准确的燃面计算方法.计算结果表明,理论计算和试验结果吻合得较好,能够较好地模拟固体药柱的燃烧过程,可以满足工程计算上的需要,为固体装药的燃面计算提供了新的思路和方法.      

Transonic buffet control research with two types of shock control bump based on RAE2822 airfoil

Current research shows that the traditional shock control bump (SCB) can weaken the intensity of shock and better the transonic buffet performance.The author finds that when SCB is placed downstream of the shock,it can decrease the adverse pressure gradient.This may prevent the shock foot separation bubble to merge with the trailing edge separation and finally improve the buffet performance.Based on RAE2822 airfoil,two types of SCB are designed according to the two different mechanisms.By using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) methods to analyze the properties of RAE2822 airfoil with and without SCB,the results show that the downstream SCB can better the buffet performance under a wide range of freestream Mach number and the steady aerodynamics characteristic is similar to that of RAE2822 airfoil.The traditional SCB can only weaken the intensity of the shock under the design condition.Under the off-design conditions,the SCB does not do much to or even worsen the buffet performance.Indeed,the use of backward bump can flatten the leeward side of the airfoil,and this is similar to the mechanism that supercritical airfoil can weaken the recompression of shock wave.     

非正交弧线齿面齿轮齿面设计及根切研究

非正交弧线齿面齿轮是以端面渐开线弧线齿圆柱齿轮为假想刀具包络展成的面齿轮。根据面齿轮啮合原理推导了非正交弧线齿面齿轮齿面方程,结合Matlab数学模型和根切理论研究了该种面齿轮的根切现象,计算出面齿轮不产生根切的最大内径,并通过Catia仿真滚齿来验证计算的准确性。该研究旨在提出一种新型非正交面齿轮,通过理论推导及仿真模拟来研究该种面齿轮的根切现象,在此基础上探究非正交弧线齿面齿轮的内径影响因素。研究结果表明:在同等参数下,当位置参数增大时,刀具渐开线截面高度和内径逐渐减小,当刀具圆弧半径增大时,内径逐渐减小,刀具渐开线截面高度逐渐增大。     

TGO非均匀增长对热障涂层应力演化和破坏机理的影响

采用内聚力模型和热生长氧化层(TGO)非均匀增长子程序,数值模拟了在热循环载荷作用下热障涂层(TBC)内部应力演化规律和开裂行为。涂层失效过程首先是源自陶瓷层(TC)内近波峰位置的拉伸和切应力共同主导的陶瓷层Ⅰ、陶瓷层Ⅱ混合型裂纹;随着循环数增加,则转向由TC内近波峰位置的切应力主导的Ⅱ型裂纹和波峰波谷中间的涂层厚度方向拉伸应力主导的Ⅰ型裂纹。整体非均匀增长和波谷均匀增长模式下的最大拉伸应力经过一定循环数后几乎不再随循环数而增加;而在波峰均匀增长和整体均匀增长模式下,最大拉伸应力则会随着循环数增加持续增长。整体非均匀增长、波谷非均匀增长模式下,20个循环后最大切应力出现在近波峰位置,分别为-16241 MPa和-15428 MPa;而整体波峰均匀增长和整体均匀增长模式下,最大切应力为-11382 MPa和-11198 MPa。对于波谷均匀增长和整体非均匀增长模式,在9个循环后出现界面裂纹。而对于波峰均匀增长和整体非均匀增长模式,在第17个循环出现界面裂纹。     

Optimization of space system development resources

NASA has had a decades-long problem with cost growth during the development of space science missions. Numerous agency-sponsored studies have produced average mission level cost growths ranging from 23% to 77%.A new study of 26 historical NASA Science instrument set developments using expert judgment to reallocate key development resources has an average cost growth of 73.77%. Twice in history, a barter-based mechanism has been used to reallocate key development resources during instrument development. The mean instrument set development cost growth was −1.55%. Performing a bivariate inference on the means of these two distributions, there is statistical evidence to support the claim that using a barter-based mechanism to reallocate key instrument development resources will result in a lower expected cost growth than using the expert judgment approach.Agent-based discrete event simulation is the natural way to model a trade environment. A NetLogo agent-based barter-based simulation of science instrument development was created. The agent-based model was validated against the Cassini historical example, as the starting and ending instrument development conditions are available. The resulting validated agent-based barter-based science instrument resource reallocation simulation was used to perform 300 instrument development simulations, using barter to reallocate development resources. The mean cost growth was −3.365%. A bivariate inference on the means was performed to determine that additional significant statistical evidence exists to support a claim that using barter-based resource reallocation will result in lower expected cost growth, with respect to the historical expert judgment approach.Barter-based key development resource reallocation should work on spacecraft development as well as it has worked on instrument development. A new study of 28 historical NASA science spacecraft developments has an average cost growth of 46.04%. As barter-based key development resource reallocation has never been tried in a spacecraft development, no historical results exist, and a simulation of using that approach must be developed. The instrument development simulation should be modified to account for spacecraft development market participant differences. The resulting agent-based barter-based spacecraft resource reallocation simulation would then be used to determine if significant statistical evidence exists to prove a claim that using barter-based resource reallocation will result in lower expected cost growth.     

The BOSS and BIOMEX space experiments on the EXPOSE-R2 mission: Endurance of the desert cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis under simulated space vacuum,Martian atmosphere,UVC radiation and temperature extremes.

The proposed space experiments BOSS (Biofilm Organisms Surfing Space) and BIOMEX (BIOlogy and Mars experiment) will take place on the space exposure facility EXPOSE-R2 on the International Space Station (ISS), which is set to be launched in 2014. In BOSS the hypothesis to be tested is that microorganisms grown as biofilms, hence embedded in self-produced extracellular polymeric substances, are more tolerant to space and Martian conditions compared to their planktonic counterparts. Various microbial biofilms have been developed including those obtained from the cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis isolated from hot and cold deserts. The prime objective of BIOMEX is to evaluate to what extent biomolecules are resistant to, and can maintain their stability under, space and Mars-like conditions; therefore a variety of pigments and cell components are under investigation to establish a biosignature data base; e.g. a Raman spectral library to be used for extraterrestrial life biosignatures. The secondary objective of BIOMEX is to investigate the endurance of extremophiles, focusing on their interactions with Lunar and Martian mineral analogues. Ground-based studies are currently being carried out in the framework of EVTs (Experiment Verification Tests) by exposing selected organisms to space and Martian simulations. Results on a desert strain of Chroococcidiopsis obtained from the first set of EVT, e.g. space vacuum, Mars atmosphere, UVC radiation, temperature cycles and extremes, suggested that dried biofilms exhibited an enhanced survival compared to planktonic lifestyle. Moreover the protection provided by a Martian mineral analogue (S-MRS) to the sub-cellular integrities of Chroococcidiopsis against UVC radiation supports the endurance of this cyanobacterium under extraterrestrial conditions and its relevance in the development of life detection strategies.     

基于闭环解析解的可重复使用运载器轨迹在线生成方法

The relationships between path constraints such as heating rate, dynamic pressure and aerodynamic load and velocity during entry flight are analyzed in  r-V  plane for an entry vehicle with mediate high lift to drag ratio. Through derivation and integration, a unified formula for path constraints is obtained in  r-V  plane. Based on the unified formula and several characteristics an analytical solution is obtained,and an online trajectory generation method is developed. In the method, the coupled longitudinal and lateral motion is considered, and can make the best use of flight capability and satisfy path constraints. Trajectory generation cases with different flight mission and downranges are tested. Simulation results demonstrate the capability and efficiency of the trajectory planning method in dealing with path constraints.