深空环境下卫星编队飞行队形重构实时重规划

针对深空环境中卫星编队自主队形重构的机动问题,设计了队形重构过程中的实时重规划方案。在每次重规划过程中首先用Legendre伪谱法将当前时刻到终端时刻的重构问题离散化为非线性规划问题;其次,根据卫星编队飞行队形重构的特点,使用协同进化粒子群(CPSO)方法对每次重规划进行求解,该方法既避免了传统优化方法对复杂问题梯度的求解,又能在整个优化过程中保证约束条件的满足,并且能够事先为粒子群的进化提供大致方向,极大地提高了每次重规划的计算速度;最后,提出了重构过程中具体的重规划策略,以保证队形重构的顺利进行。仿真结果表明,与传统的控制方法相比,在重构过程中,该方法能够在初始给定轨迹的基础上进一步优化,可以有效降低重构过程的能量消耗,并能够避免重构过程中碰撞的发生。     

铝合金CO2激光-TIG电弧复合焊接试验研究

以LF6铝合金为材料,开展了CO2激光-TIG电弧复合焊接工艺试验研究。试验结果表明,与单激光或TIG电弧比较,激光-TIG复合焊接可以提高焊缝熔深,改善焊缝成形,降低气孔和下塌等焊接缺陷。在此基础上,进一步研究了不同工艺参数对焊缝成形的影响,探索了铝合金激光-TIG电弧复合焊接的可行性。     

轴编C/C复合材料组分材料有效性能

利用光学显微镜观测和测量轴编C/C复合材料细观编织结构及其尺寸,建立轴编C/C复合材料有限元模型,通过给出组分材料有效性能的变化区间,构造组分材料性能与轴编C/C复合材料宏观有效性能的对应关系,利用径向基函数(RBF)人工神经网络(ANN)方法,对该高度非线性的对应关系进行训练,通过轴编C/C复合材料宏观实验结果,预报其组分材料的有效性能。结果表明,轴编C/C复合材料面内弹性性能基本相同,在测量时可忽略面内纤维束铺设方向的影响;人工神经网络对训练样本有一定的依赖性,但通过多次随机构造样本训练网络,可得到理想的预测结果,且人工神经网络方法具有很好的容错性,能很好地预报轴编C/C复合材料组分材料的有效性能。     

Research on hypersonic aircraft using pre-cooled turbojet engines

Systems analysis of a Mach 5 class hypersonic aircraft is performed. The aircraft can fly across the Pacific Ocean in 2 h. A multidisciplinary optimization program for aerodynamics, structure, propulsion, and trajectory is used in the analysis. The result of each element model is improved using higher accuracy analysis tools. The aerodynamic performance of the hypersonic aircraft is examined through hypersonic wind tunnel tests. A thermal management system based on the data of the wind tunnel tests is proposed. A pre-cooled turbojet engine is adopted as the propulsion system for the hypersonic aircraft. The engine can be operated continuously from take-off to Mach 5. This engine uses a pre-cooling cycle using cryogenic liquid hydrogen. The high temperature inlet air of hypersonic flight would be cooled by the same liquid hydrogen used as fuel. The engine is tested under sea level static conditions. The engine is installed on a flight test vehicle. Both liquid hydrogen fuel and gaseous hydrogen fuel are supplied to the engine from a tank and cylinders installed within the vehicle. The designed operation of major components of the engine is confirmed. A large amount of liquid hydrogen is supplied to the pre-cooler in order to make its performance sufficient for Mach 5 flight. Thus, fuel rich combustion is adopted at the afterburner. The experiments are carried out under the conditions that the engine is mounted upon an experimental airframe with both set up either horizontally or vertically. As a result, the operating procedure of the pre-cooled turbojet engine is demonstrated.     

Development of hall thruster propulsion system for STSAT-3 application

Science and technology satellite-3 (STSAT-3) is being developed and is scheduled for launch in 2011. One of the primary objectives of its mission is to verify the performance of a hall thruster propulsion system (HPS) that uses xenon gas. According to its major functions, the HPS can be divided into several sub-modules. This paper presents the development and qualification of the hall effect thruster propulsion subsystem that includes a xenon feed system (XFS). The xenon feed system regulates the pressure down from the xenon propellant tank and supplies the xenon flows to the anode and cathode. The technology and xenon feed system developed for the STSAT-3 spacecraft will also be applicable to a variety of future electronic propulsion systems and micro-satellites. Details related to the overall development and performance results of the HPS are presented in this paper.     

Modified Rake architecture for GNSS receiver in a multipath environment

Multipath is one of the major error sources in satellite-based navigation systems. This paper proposes a new anti-multipath architecture, named Modified Rake (MRake), for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. The architecture derives from RAKE receiver in communication system. It can track direct-path and multipath components separately from the received signal without consumption of much hardware resources or complex calculation. The MRake architecture uses an Amplitude Estimation Unit (AEU) to estimate the amplitude of each component, and a noncoherent DLL to adaptively control its time-delay. Since the receiver only uses the direct-path signal to calculate the user's position, the tracked multipath components are subtracted from the composite signal to reduce the multipath effect, and thus to reduce tracking error. MRake receiver shows better performance or consumes much fewer resources than traditional anti-multipath techniques.     

卫星点波束天线的多目标指向优化研究

卫星天线波束常常需要同时覆盖特定区域内多个目标,为保证目标接收卫星信号的增益要求,需对其指向进行优化。以我国某卫星点波束天线为研究对象,将天线功率辐射模型引入卫星指向计算模型中,完成了指向目标的增益计算。运用最优化原理分析了多目标指向增益优化模型,在无约束条件下,指向增益最优点在标称三目标构成的三角形重心位置;有约束条件下,最优点在满足相应约束下偏离无约束最优点。多目标指向优化理论研究对点波束天线的高精度指向及确保目标的通信特性提供了适用的工程模型,具有极强的工程应用价值。     

精密离心机误差对石英加速度计误差标定精度分析

分析了离心机各个误差源,用齐次变换法精确地计算了产生的向心加速度,给出了向心加速度、重力加速度和哥氏加速度在加速度计坐标系下的分量,推导了被试加速度计输入加速度的精确表达式。在给出石英摆式加速度计在精密离心机上标定时的误差模型的基础上,着重讨论了误差模型系数的计算值与离心机误差之间的关系。根据仿真结果找出了某些离心机误差对加速度计误差系数标定的影响关系,为按照加速度计的标定精度来确定离心机的精度打下了理论基础。     

航天器连续非光滑姿态控制律设计

为了提高航天器姿态控制系统的鲁棒性和动态特性,应用非光滑控制方法设计了连续的姿态控制律,使闭环姿态控制系统具有齐次性,且齐次度为负,实现了姿态控制系统的有限时间稳定,以保证系统状态的动态特性。分别针对标称系统、参数不确定性和外部扰动等情形进行了仿真验证,仿真结果表明所设计的控制律在保证标称系统有限时间稳定性的同时,针对系统的不确定性和扰动具有鲁棒性。     

非合作大目标位姿测量的线结构光视觉方法

空间机器人与非合作大目标交会接近最终段,单目相机不能获取完整的特征图像而无法完成相对位姿测量。针对此问题,提出基于线结构光和单目视觉的相对位姿测量方法。以非合作大目标上的局部矩形特征为测量对象,首先,建立相对位姿测量模型并给出四个测量坐标系之间的关系;其次,通过相机对不完整矩形和线结构光的约束获得四个特征点在相机坐标系下的坐标;然后,利用四个特征点计算相机坐标系与目标坐标系之间的转移矩阵;最后,将转移矩阵分解得到矩形特征的相对位姿。通过改变影响测量精度的输入误差和标定误差等因素对该方法进行仿真验证,结果表明该测量方法是有效的。