陶瓷基复合材料高精度宏细观统一本构模型研究

基于高精度通用单胞模型(HFGMC)建立了陶瓷基复合材料(CMCs)的宏细观统一本构模型.首先基于CMCs的细观结构和损伤特点建立代表体元(RVE)并定义细观损伤变量.然后采用HFGMC模型计算细观损伤变量的演化,由此获得宏观应力应变曲线,从而建立了CMCs的宏细观统一本构模型.采用该本构模型预测了CMCs的宏观应力应变曲线,与实验结果吻合良好.结果表明该本构模型能够模拟CMCs的拉伸与损伤行文,为CMCs强度分析提供了有效手段.      

典型二元高超声速进气道与侧压式进气道的性能比较

在相同的约束条件下运用高超声速进气道已有的相关设计方法设计了两类典型的二元进气道与侧压式进气道,利用数值模拟手段对两类进气道的流场结构和总体性能开展了对比研究.研究发现,二元进气道出口流场畸变较小,流场均匀性优于侧压式进气道;二元进气道流量系数对飞行马赫数的敏感程度远高于侧压式进气道;设计点,二元进气道性能优于侧压式进气道.非设计点,尤其在接力状态下,侧压式进气道性能突出;侧压式进气道阻力特性优于二元进气道,而二元进气道的前体升力则高于侧压式进气道.      

反旋进气盘腔内流动与换热的数值模拟

应用RNGk-ε湍流模型对围屏上带反旋喷嘴的径向内流旋转涡轮盘腔内的流动与换热进行了数值模拟,揭示了盘腔内的压力损失及冷气流量、旋转雷诺数、湍流参数等因素对盘腔内流动换热的影响.计算结果表明:盘腔内的流动结构主要由湍流参数决定;在某一旋转雷诺数下盘腔内压力损失随冷气流量的增大而呈现S型变化;反旋喷嘴的应用能有效地降低盘腔内的压力损失;转盘附近的努赛尔数随冷气流量及旋转雷诺数的增大而增大.      

Overloading of Landing Based on the Deformation of the Lunar Lander

Along with the progress of sciences and technologies, a lot of explorations are taken in many countries or organizations in succession. Lunar, the natural satellite of the earth, become a focus of the space discovery again recently because of its abundant resource and high value in use. Lunar exploration is also one of the most important projects in China. A primary objective of the probe in lunar is to soft-land a manned spacecraft on the lunar surface. The soft-landing system is the key composition of the lunar lander. In the overall design of lunar lander, the analysis of touchdown dynamics during landing stage is an important work. The rigid-flexible coupling dynamics of a system with flexible cantilevers attached to the main lander is analyzed. The equations are derived from the subsystem method. Results show that the deformations of cantilevers have considerable effect on the overloading of the lunar lander system.     

Aviation-oriented Micromachining Technology-Micro-ECM in Pure Water

This article proposes a precise and ecofriendly micromachining technology for aerospace application called electrochemical machining in pure water （PW-ECM）. On the basis of the principles of water dissociation, a series of test setups and tests are devised and performed under different conditions. These tests explain the need for technological conditions realizing PW-ECM, and further explore the technological principles. The results from the tests demonstrate a successful removal of electrolytic slime by means of ultrasonic vibration of the workpiece. To ensure the stability and reliability of PW-ECM process, a new combined machining method of PW-ECM assisted with ultrasonic vibration （PW-ECM/USV） is devised. Trilateral and square cavities and holes as well as a group of English alphabets are worked out on a stainless steel plate. It is confirmed that PW-ECM will be probably an efficient new aviation precision machining method.     

基于静强度分布的复合材料疲劳寿命分布的预测模型(英文)

The reasons of the static strength dispersion and the fatigue life dispersion of composite laminates are analyzed in this article. It is concluded that the inner original defects, which derived from the manufacturing process of composite laminates, are the common and major reason of causing the random distributions of the static strength and the fatigue life. And there is a correlative relation between the two distributions. With the study of statistical relationship between the fatigue loading and the fatigue life in the uniform confidence level and the same survival rate S-N curves of material, the relationship between the static strength distribution and the fatigue life distribution through a material S-N curve model has been obtained. And then the model which is used to describe the distributions of fatigue life of composites, based on their distributions of static strength, is set up. This model reasonably reflects the effects of the inner original defects on the static strength dispersion and on the fatigue life dispersion of composite laminates. The experimental data of three kinds of composite laminates are employed to verify this model, and the results show that this model can predict the random distributions of fatigue life for composites under any fatigue loads fairly well.     

Operational modal parameter identification with colored noise excitation

Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) refers to the modal analysis of a structure in its operating state. The advantage of OMA is that only the output vibration signal of a system is used in the analysis process. Classic OMA is based on the white noise excitation assumption and many identification methods have been developed in both time domain and frequency domain. But in reality, many environmental excitations are not compliance with the white noise assumption. In this paper, a method of half power bandwidth analysis is applied to power spectrum analysis to deal with the colored noise and trapezoidal spectral excitation. The modal frequencies and modal damping ratios are derived and the error caused by trapezoidal spectral and colored noise excitation are analyzed. It is proved that the OMA algorithm based on the white noise assumption can be extended to the colored noise environments under certain conditions. Finally, a simulation example with a cantilever beam and a vibration test with four kinds of colored noise and trapezoidal spectrum base excitation are carried out and the results support the proposed method.     

不确定需求下航空公司枢纽网络优化设计

为了帮助航空公司合理规划航线网络，降低运输成本，从航空公司的角度出发，将机场容量看作到港和离港航班的函数，绘制了机场容量包络曲线。基于机场容量包络曲线构建了随机需求下多分配、非严格的两阶段混合整数随机规划模型，第1阶段确定网络的枢纽位置，第2阶段确定不同需求情形下城市对的运输路径和不同路径上的流量比例。当需求情形是离散变量时将两阶段模型转化为确定的等价规划。继而以东航为例选取13个机场对模型进行验证，并对运输成本折扣因子进行灵敏度分析。结果表明:在不同的折扣因子情形下选择的枢纽机场不同，折扣越大，选择的枢纽越多，网络总成本越低，且3种折扣因子情形下的枢纽选择与实际比较吻合；每种折扣因子情形下，当需求不同时航线网络的布局有所差异；对比需求确定和不确定下的模型结果差异，得出需求不确定下的网络总成本更低。可见需求不确定下的随机规划模型更加贴近实际，能够帮助航空公司规划符合实际情形的枢纽航线网络，并确定其在枢纽机场的容量份额。      

基于光学几何测量的整体叶盘几何失谐建模与辨识

通过光学几何测量技术获取精确的叶片型面差异化信息（即几何失谐）建立整体叶盘的高保真动力学模型的方法，并进一步开展整体叶盘几何失谐辨识的研究。采用先进的三维结构蓝光扫描系统测量构建精确的叶片几何型面点云模型，然后采用网格变形技术，将谐调叶片有限元模型的表面节点自动投射至实测的点云表面，以回避传统逆向工程的实体模型重建环节，从而实现整体叶盘高保真动力学模型的快速构建。该模型可直接用于量化识别叶片几何失谐对其固有频率和振型的影响，其中各叶片“一弯”频率失谐量在2.1%以内，同时可以精确比对各叶片间的模态置信因子，因此可大幅提高整体叶盘建模和动力学仿真分析的准确性。     

扩散界面浸入边界法结合壁面模型在湍流模拟中的应用

提出了一种模拟高雷诺数湍流的扩散界面浸入边界法（IBM）。该方法采用壁面模型来减少壁面附近的网格量。为了实施壁面模型和边界条件，在物面外部设置了2个辅助层（一系列拉格朗日点）：外侧的参考层用于实施壁面模型来得到壁面剪应力，内侧的强制层用于实施离壁的边界条件。在实施壁面模型时，将动量方程沿物面法向积分，从而把物面切向的速度修正量与由壁面模型得到的壁面剪应力联系起来，而速度的法向分量则按二次曲线分布来近似重构。在实施边界条件时，为了严格满足无穿透条件，应用了基于隐式速度修正的IBM。最后，利用绕平板湍流和绕NACA0012翼型湍流来对方法的可行性进行了验证。