联翼布局俯仰力矩非线性变化特性的数值模拟

联翼布局飞机具有优良的升阻特性,是下一代亚声速飞机优先选择的气动布局型式之一,但在某些情况下其俯仰力矩随迎角的增大会表现出较强的非线性变化特点.针对该问题,在Ma=0.75条件下,采用数值模拟方法对某亚声速联翼布局气动性能及其绕流流场进行研究,通过对各部件气动特性分析,结合不同前翼绕流流动状态下前/后翼绕流场特点及截面气动力分布特点,揭示了前翼对后翼绕流流场干扰是引起其俯仰力矩非线性变化的主要原因.计算结果表明:在一定迎角下,该联翼布局飞机前翼绕流发生分离,从而影响后翼绕流流场,引起后翼气动效率下降,导致全机俯仰力矩随飞机迎角发生非线性上扬,对该机飞行性能的提高带来严重影响.     

现代战斗机出厂费用预估模型

Burns模型被广泛用于三代战斗机出厂费用的估算,但由于未考虑三代以后的现代战斗机在研制过程中存在的改进改型、研制周期变长和航电设备技术升级等因素,使Burns模型在计算现代战斗机的出厂费用时会出现明显的误差。根据现代战斗机的技术特征,通过分析其研发采购费用的统计数据和研制过程,将改进改型、研制周期和航电设备技术水平等影响因素考虑入内,建立了一种新的出厂费用计算模型。通过以国外有代表性的现代战斗机为算例进行了验证,结果表明新模型的计算精度有了明显改善,具有一定的有效性和实用性。     

再入飞行器自适应最优姿态控制

针对再入飞行器姿态控制问题,应用自适应动态规划（ADP）理论设计了姿态控制器。将再入飞行器的姿态控制建模为非线性系统的最优控制问题,提出单网络积分型强化学习（SNIRL）算法进行求解,该算法简化了积分型强化学习（IRL）算法在迭代计算中的执行-评价双网络结构,只需要采用评价网络估计值函数就可以求得最优控制律,其收敛性得到了理论证明。基于SNIRL算法设计了自适应最优控制器,并证明了闭环系统的稳定性。通过数值仿真校验了SNIRL算法比IRL算法计算效率更高,收敛速度更快,并校验了自适应最优姿态控制器的有效性 。     

吸热型碳氢燃料RP-3替代模型研究

利用广义对应态法则对吸热型碳氢燃料RP-3的5种替代模型的密度、黏度、导热系数和比定压热容进行了数值计算.计算温度变化范围为300~800K,压力变化范围为3~6MPa.结果表明:不同替代模型均能定性重现RP-3在拟临界温度附近的物性急剧变化;由53%正十一烷,18%正丁基环己烷,29%1,3,5-三甲基苯组成的3组分替代模型在预测RP-3物性上表现最优,相对于实验数据,300~700K内密度相对误差均小于0.08;替代模型的相对分子质量越大,预测的拟临界温度越高,对拟临界温度下物性值的影响无显著规律.      

Relay selection based on MAP estimation for cooperative communication with outdated channel state information

In this paper, we consider an amplify-and-forward (AF) cooperative communication system when the channel state information (CSI) used in relay selection differs from that during data transmission, i.e., the CSI used in relay selection is outdated. The selected relay may not be actually the best for data transmission and the outage performance of the cooperative system will deteriorate. To improve its performance, we propose a relay selection strategy based on maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation, where relay is selected based on predicted signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To reduce the computation complexity, we approximate the a posteriori probability density of SNR and obtain a closed-form predicted SNR, and a relay selection strategy based on the approximate MAP estimation (RS-AMAP) is proposed. The simulation results show that this approximation leads to trivial performance loss from the perspective of outage probability. Compared with relay selection strategies given in the literature, the outage probability is reduced largely through RS-AMAP for medium-to-large transmitting powers and medium-to-high channel correlation coefficients.     

PH曲线拟合在数控前瞻中的应用

为解决数控系统进行微小直线段平稳加工的问题,提出了一种拟合方法.综合了误差限制下的微小直线段长度、拐角、直线段相交点单调性等判定条件,将连续的微小直线段分割成若干区域.使用非线性最小二乘法将每一个区域内的点拟合成PH曲线,并通过模拟退火方法调整切矢量来控制拟合误差.根据区域的连接情况,将切矢量分为单向和双向两种调节方法.在模拟退火算法中,将微小直线段的斜率作为切矢量的初始值,利用细分直线的方法逐点计算弓高误差,并将此误差作为目标函数来快速进行切矢量的调整.结果表明,对微小直线段进行区域划分可以提高拟合效率.在控制弓高误差的情况下,此方法可以形成具有良好精度的光滑曲线,可以获得平稳的速度轨迹.     

跨声速串列转子失速机制的数值研究

为了解决跨声速串列转子的低裕度问题,就必须了解跨声速串列转子的流场结构与失速机制.设计了叶尖切线速度为450m/s,负荷系数为0.56的高负荷跨声速串列转子.基于数值模拟的结果,分析了该串列转子在0.5mm叶尖间隙下的叶尖流场结构与失速机制,并在此基础上分别探讨了叶尖间隙和前、后排叶片周向位置对串列转子特性的影响和失速机制的变化.结果表明:前排叶片的叶尖区域是 影响串列转子稳定性的关键;随着叶尖间隙的增加,串列转子的失速机制也发生变化,从前排叶片叶尖区域的尾迹与径向潜流堵塞后排叶片通道转变为前排叶片叶尖泄漏流堵塞;在较大周向相对位置(后排叶片压力面周向远离前排吸力面)的情况下,串列转子获得最好的效果,随着周向相对位置(PP)的增加,失速部位从后排叶片转移至前排叶片.      

树脂基复合材料风扇叶片的优化设计

在深入研究树脂基复合材料的材料属性和设计准则的基础上,提出并建立了一种树脂基复合材料空心风扇叶片的结构设计方法,并对叶片的强度和振动特性进行了研究,结果表明所提出的树脂基复合材料空心风扇叶片的结构设计是可行的,且对于提高风扇叶片的强度和减重起到了显著的效果.在此基础上,以共振裕度为设计目标,提出了树脂基复合材料风扇叶片优化设计的流程,解决了优化过程中学科间、应用软件间的信息传递问题,并实现了叶片铺层顺序设计优化.结果表明:在满足强度约束条件的前提下,树脂基复合材料空心风扇叶片较金属实心叶片质量减少了78.88%,共振裕度增加了8.44%.      

Vibration control of a flexible space manipulator during on orbit operations

Space manipulators are complex systems, composed by robotic arms accommodated on an orbiting platform. They can be used to perform a variety of tasks: launch of satellites, retrieval of spacecraft for inspection, maintenance and repair, movement of cargo and so on. All these missions require extreme precision. However, in order to respect the mass at launch requirements, manipulators arms are usually very light and flexible, and their motion involves significant structural vibrations, especially after a grasping maneuver. In order to fulfill the maneuvers of space robotic systems it is hence necessary to properly model the forces acting on the space robot, from the main terms, such as the orbital motion, to the second order perturbations, like the gravity gradient and the orbital perturbations; also flexible excitation of the links and of the joints can be of great importance in the manipulators dynamics. The case is furthermore complicated by the fact that the manipulator, together with its supporting spacecraft, is an unconstrained body. Therefore the motion of any of its parts affects the entire system configuration. The governing equations of the dynamics of such robotic systems are highly nonlinear and fully coupled. The present paper aims at designing and studying active damping strategies and relevant devices that could be used to reduce the structural vibrations of a space manipulator with flexible links during its on orbit operations. In particular an optimized adaptive vibration control via piezoelectric devices is proposed. The number of piezoelectric devices, their placement and operational mode should be correctly chosen in order to obtain maximum performance in terms of elastic oscillations reduction and power consumption. Even though an optimal placement cannot have a universal validity, since it depends on the type of maneuver and on the overall inertial and geometrical characteristics, an approach to solve the problem is proposed.     

亚声速叶片与跨声速叶片的气动阻尼比较

为了研究叶轮机中叶片与流场流固耦合作用情况下的气动阻尼,分别以亚声速和跨声速转子叶片为例计算气动阻尼。根据对非定常气动力的分析,提出了一种与结构等效粘滞阻尼比对应的模态气动等效粘滞阻尼比的定义。采用弱耦合分域求解的算法,在线性范围内,计算并比较了跨声速叶片和亚声速叶片模态和振幅对模态气动阻尼比的影响,根据分布气动阻尼比研究压缩波对模态气动阻尼比的影响。研究结果表明这两类叶片的气动阻尼特性基本一致,所提参数对两类叶片的气动阻尼的影响基本相同。