中心进气旋转盘腔换热特性对无量纲参数的敏感性分析

针对早期旋转盘腔换热特性研究中常忽略压缩性和耗散效应影响的研究方法，在定几何、常物性、可压缩、有耗散假设下，对描述旋转盘腔系统的控制方程进行了无量纲分析，得到除无量纲空间位置外的7个无量纲准则数。利用数值模拟的方法探究了中心进气转静系盘腔换热特性对7个无量纲参数的敏感性。结果表明：在本文研究的某些工况内，反映进口耗散效应的埃克特准则与反映转盘热边界的基比切夫准则以及固体的无量纲导热系数对努塞尔数的影响程度与旋转雷诺准则同量级。根据本文分析结果，给出了早期旋转盘腔换热特性研究成果在先进航空发动机旋转盘腔设计工作中应用的注意事项和工程建议。     

函数传递法求解悬链线问题

悬链线问题是一类经典又多变的力学问题，其曲线构形指导着桥梁等工程应用的结构设计。为了求得结构特征或载荷特征不同的悬链线的变形，提出了一种基于传递矩阵法思想的、通用性较好的求解方法。首先，提炼出悬链力学模型，将悬链顺序划分成若干简单单元，结合单元力平衡和本构-几何关系解得单元特征函数方程组，顺序嵌套单元特征函数方程组获得整体特征函数方程组；然后，使用离散Newton迭代法对该非线性方程组进行求解，获得悬链的受力和变形；最后，算例验证了结果与解析解的一致性。函数传递法对具有复杂结构特征和载荷特征的悬链线问题有很好的适用性，对求解其他可划分为若干首尾相接结构单元的结构系统的广义变形也适用。      

Experimental study on NOx emission correlation of fuel staged combustion in a LPP combustor at high pressure based on NO-chemiluminescence

Experimental investigations on NO_x emissions of a single-cup, Lean Premixed Prevaporized (LPP), module combustor were carried out at elevated inlet temperature and pressure up to 810 K and 2.0 MPa, close to the real operating conditions of aero-engine combustors. This LPP combustor adopts centrally staged fuel injections which could produce separated stratified swirling spray flame. In the NO_x emissions measurements, the ranges of dome equivalence ratio and fuel stage ratio were from 0.55 to 0.58 and 8% to 24%, respectively. The optical diagnosis on separated stratified swirling spray flame were carried out with fuel stage ratio changing from 15% to 30%. Therefore, NO* and OH* chemiluminescence images were obtained. The results show that NO_x emissions increase with the increase of the fuel stage ratio. And from the chemiluminescence images, the main flame and pilot flame are found weakly coupled. The pilot flame plays a significant role in NO_x emission production because of its higher adiabatic flame temperature. Based on the results of chemiluminescence optical tests, a new NO_x emission prediction model is proposed based on the Lefebvre’s single flame model. The estimate of local equivalence ratio of the pilot stage’s non-premixed flame is modified considering the characteristics of spray combustion, and a “PLUS” emission prediction model suitable for separated stratified swirling spray flame is obtained. Compared to the experimental data, the “PLUS” model exhibits a good prediction in a range of ±13% of deviation.     

CO2用于气动弹射的可行性分析

针对传统气动弹射介质空气做功能力不足的问题,提出采用CO_2作为新型气动弹射介质。基于质量守恒和能量守恒定律建立了以CO_2为弹射介质的弹射热力模型,并使用该模型对比分析了CO_2和空气作为弹射介质对于弹射性能的影响。得到了弹射过程中高低压室内介质状态以及飞行器运动参数的动态变化过程。与空气相比,CO_2具有更大的做功能力。相同的热力状态下弹射相同质量的飞行器,使用CO_2可获得更大的出筒速度。CO_2作为弹射工质对于大质量的飞行器优势明显,在不减小出筒速度的情况下,使用CO_2可使负载质量提升50%以上,验证了CO_2作为弹射工质的可行性。     

带有挤压油膜阻尼器的转子系统动力学相似设计

针对航空发动机中常见的带有挤压油膜阻尼器(SFD)转子的动力学相似问题,建立了一种相似建模方法。从带有阻尼的转子的振动微分方程着手,通过方程分析法推导了转子振动过程中的不平衡力相似关系和阻尼力相似关系。以挤压油膜阻尼器的油膜力和油膜方程为基础建立了挤压油膜阻尼器参数与转子相似参数之间的数学关系,并给出了相应的工程设计方法。以某带有挤压油膜阻尼器的单转子系统为例,建立了带有挤压油膜阻尼器的相似转子系统,使用有限元法分析了该转子系统与其相似系统的动力学特性,分析结果显示：在仅考虑转子系统内挤压油膜阻尼器阻尼的情况下相似系统的不平衡响应与原转子系统不平衡响应误差低于1%。     

S型泡沫金属管翅式换热器的设计与实验研究

为解决航空发动机部件热防护以及热管理问题,针对CCA(cooled cooling air)技术,采用高孔隙率泡沫金属替代传统管翅式换热器金属翅片,设计一种轻质、高效、紧凑的小尺寸S型泡沫金属管翅式换热器。换热器芯体为3D打印的钛合金制作,重129 g,由S型管束以及泡沫金属翅片组成,翅片安装在管束直管段处。流动传热实验模拟航空发动机机匣外部的空-油换热器,冷侧为水,热侧为高温空气,测定两侧流体的流量、进出口温度及压力。结果表明：泡沫金属作为换热器的翅片,传热系数增大43.94%、换热量提升21.7%、综合换热性能增加25.43%,功重比平均提升17.26%,可达14.61 kW/kg。这说明泡沫金属能够提升换热器的整体性能,可用于未来航空发动机相似结构换热器的设计。     

基于晶体塑性的涡轮盘短裂纹扩展模拟方法

针对低周疲劳载荷下发动机涡轮盘早期短裂纹扩展行为,提出适用于工程结构的耦合晶体塑性（CP）理论和扩展有限元方法（XFEM）的多晶短裂纹模拟方法。该方法采用晶体内总累积分解切应变作为裂纹扩展判据并使裂纹沿最活跃滑移系对应的滑移平面传播。框架采用子模型技术/分区域网格细化以及宏-介观本构结合的方法解决真实工程结构和微观模型尺度不匹配的问题,在可接受的计算代价下预测了涡轮盘危险截面处的短裂纹扩展路径及速率。结果表明该结构内早期裂纹生长路径及速率受到晶体取向的影响而出现较大分散性,同时验证了基于CP-XFEM的框架在预测工程结构短裂纹扩展寿命及分散性上的可行性。      

Lock-in phenomenon of tip clearance flow and its influence on aerodynamic damping under specified vibration on an axial transonic compressor rotor

In this study, the lock-in phenomenon of Tip Clearance Flow(TCF) instabilities and their relationship to blade vibration are investigated numerically on an axial transonic rotor with a large tip clearance. The capabilities of simulating instability flow and lock-in phenomenon are verified on a transonic rotor and a NACA0012 airfoil by comparing with the test data, respectively.The lock-in phenomenon is first numerically confirmed that may occur to TCF instabilities when its frequency is close to...     

高旋转数下带肋回转通道的换热特性

为匹配真实发动机转子叶片的工作条件,将实验回转通道气体压力提高到500kPa以上,使雷诺数和旋转数范围分别扩展到10000~70000和0~2.08.在此基础上通过实验方法研究了高旋转数下带45°倾角斜肋的方形截面回转通道的换热特性.结果表明:回转通道的第1通道前缘面传热系数随旋转数的增大先减小,在达到临界旋转数后换热随旋转数增大而增强;低旋转数下,回转通道的第2通道前后缘面换热差异较小,随着旋转数的增大,前缘面换热始终强于后缘面,这种换热特性与光滑通道完全不同.      

Out of phase thermal mechanical fatigue investigation of a directionally solidified superalloy DZ125

Out of phase(OP) thermal mechanical fatigue(TMF) behavior of a directionally solidified(DS) superalloy DZ125 was experimentally and numerically studied. Two different temperature conditions, which are 500–1000 °C and 400–900 °C, were considered in the present research.Stress and strain responses as well as fatigue life results were presented and discussed. Scanning electron microscope(SEM) and metallographic analysis were used to study the damage mechanism. An oxidation assisted crack initiation and propagation phenomenon were found to explain the shorted life under TMF cycles. In order to characterize the stress and strain deformations under TMF loadings, a modified Chaboche's constitutive model was applied. Additionally, the TMF life of the material was modeled and predicted by Neu–Sehitoglu damage law with high accuracy.