涡扇发动机故障诊断硬件在回路实时仿真平台

硬件在回路仿真是发动机故障诊断算法由理论转向实际工程应用的重要阶段,但目前航空发动机故障诊断算法的研究多数处于软件数字仿真阶段。构建民用涡扇发动机故障诊断算法硬件在回路实时仿真验证平台,开发考虑健康退化的民用涡扇发动机多维调度分段线性化模型,分析并模拟仿真民用涡扇发动机的四类典型常见故障。经过对相关诊断算法进行实验验证,表明该平台及使用的模型和方法都是行之有效的,具有一定的工程使用价值。     

Carbon dioxide removal system for closed loop atmosphere revitalization,candidate sorbents screening and test results

Due to the difficulty and expense it costs to resupply manned-spacecraft habitats, a goal is to create a closed loop atmosphere revitalization system, in which precious commodities such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water are continuously recycled. Our aim is to test other sorbents for their capacity for future spacecraft missions, such as on the Orion spacecraft, or possibly lunar or Mars mission habitats to see if they would be better than the zeolite sorbents on the 4-bed molecular sieve. Some of the materials being tested are currently used for other industry applications. Studying these sorbents for their specific spacecraft application is different from that for applications on earth because in space, there are certain power, mass, and volume limitations that are not as critical on Earth. In manned-spaceflight missions, the sorbents are exposed to a much lower volume fraction of CO₂ (0.6% volume CO₂) than on Earth.LiLSX was tested for its CO₂ capacity in an atmosphere like that of the ISS. Breakthrough tests were run to establish the capacities of these materials at a partial pressure of CO₂ that is seen on the ISS. This paper discusses experimental results from benchmark materials, such as results previously obtained from tests on Grade 522, and the forementioned candidate materials for the Carbon Dioxide Removal Assembly (CDRA) system.     

Development of hall thruster propulsion system for STSAT-3 application

Science and technology satellite-3 (STSAT-3) is being developed and is scheduled for launch in 2011. One of the primary objectives of its mission is to verify the performance of a hall thruster propulsion system (HPS) that uses xenon gas. According to its major functions, the HPS can be divided into several sub-modules. This paper presents the development and qualification of the hall effect thruster propulsion subsystem that includes a xenon feed system (XFS). The xenon feed system regulates the pressure down from the xenon propellant tank and supplies the xenon flows to the anode and cathode. The technology and xenon feed system developed for the STSAT-3 spacecraft will also be applicable to a variety of future electronic propulsion systems and micro-satellites. Details related to the overall development and performance results of the HPS are presented in this paper.     

PR状态方程在超临界喷射模型中的应用

针对超临界流体物性的特殊性,对超临界喷射数值模拟方法进行研究。基于PR状态方程建立了考虑超临界流体特点的超临界喷射数值模型,并采用该模型对超临界C10H22喷射到超临界N2环境中的喷射进行了数值模拟。对比研究了采用PR状态方程的真实气体模型和理想气体模型得出的密度、温度、质量分数分布以及超临界喷射长度和喷射扩张角的变化规律和差异性,并与试验数据进行了对比。结果表明:2种模型在物性预测上的差异会造成以上喷射特性模拟结果的巨大差异,理想气体模型模拟结果与试验数据误差很大,利用真实气体模型能够得到与试验数据较为吻合的结果。基于PR状态方程的超临界喷射数值模型准确可靠,可为碳氢燃料的超临界喷射现象提供参考。     

旋流器型式对空气雾化喷嘴雾化特性影响规律

采用试验与数值计算相结合方法研究了不同旋流器型式对双旋流式空气雾化喷嘴喷雾特性的影响规律.采用粒子图像测速(PIV)测量了不同空气雾化喷嘴下游流场结构,并且采用高速摄影仪和激光粒度分析仪,对不同空气流量和燃油流量下的双级旋流空气雾化喷嘴的油雾场形态、索太尔平均直径(SMD)、Rosin-Rammler分布进行试验研究;...     

Aerodynamic optimization of re-entry capsules

Methods for aerodynamic design and optimization based on linear theory are not well suited for modelling non-linear phenomenons. Their results only represent approximations of real optima. In the present study a new method based on non-linear theory, i.e. the solution of the Euler/Navier–Stokes equations, has been applied to improve these approximations. The structure of the system as well as the incorporated modules are described. Aerodynamic optimizations of a biconic re-entry capsule with respect to the lift-to-drag ratio, the effective volume and the stability are presented and discussed. The method proves to be a robust and relative efficient tool for aerodynamic design of modern aerospace vehicles. An increase in the performance of computer systems will result in an increase in the efficiency as well. It is shown that the method keeps and sometimes expands the established knowledge base of experienced engineers but reduces the design cycle times significantly.     

Towards a new level of safety

In 1998, motivated by the need to improve aviation safety procedures and regulations in order to keep pace with the steadily growing volume of air traffic, the Joint Aviation Authorities launched its Joint Safety Strategy Initiative. In this talk, the main features of that initiative and its constituent activities are described.     

低温锂离子电池研究进展

随着能源需求的日益高涨，锂离子电池（LIB）在各个领域内的应用愈发广泛。为满足极端气候等特殊应用环境对储能器件的需求，LIB需拓宽其工作温度范围。从材料和电池结构角度详细总结了应用于低温条件LIB的最新研究进展。首先，分析了限制LIB低温性能的根本原因；然后，分别从电解液的研发与优化、电极材料的改性和开发、新型电池体系的开发、电池热管理系统（BTMS）设计4个方面归纳并讨论了在低温情况下改善LIB性能的途径和方法；最后，总结了低温LIB研究亟待解决的问题，并为新一代低温LIB的发展提出了可行的研究方向。      

Investigation on nonlinear lateral-torsional coupled vibration of a rotor system with substantial unbalance

Substantial unbalance may be caused by fan blade off during the operation period of gas turbine engines, and related dynamic problems are very critical to the safety design of rotor system in aero-engine. This article aims to understand lateral-torsional coupled vibration of the rotor system with substantial unbalance. The governing equation of a modified unbalanced rotor system is established based on Lagrangian approach. Then, a mathematical analytical method is proposed in which a linear approximation is derived and the Floquet theory and Hill’s method are incorporated, from which the modal characteristics of the unbalanced rotor are obtained. The modal characteristics of the unbalanced rotor system are revealed comprehensively for the first time. Furthermore, the relation between the modes and responses of the unbalanced rotor is discussed in detail. The results show that the lateral vibration and torsional vibration of the unbalanced rotor are coupled through the inertial terms in the governing equations. Due to the coupling, veering and lock-in phenomena occur between the frequencies of the forward whirl mode and the torsional mode. Furthermore, lock-in can lead to a kind of principal instability. With regard to the response of the unbalanced rotor, both natural vibration components and enforced vibration components appear in the lateral response, while only natural vibration components appear during torsional vibration. Moreover, natural vibration components play a crucial role in the response within the principal instability region and cause divergence of the vibration amplitudes in the lateral and torsional directions.     

仿生正弦前缘对翼面动态失速的影响

动态失速导致叶片气动载荷急剧变化，造成振动载荷激增，桨叶寿命大幅衰减。针对动态失速问题，从座头鲸胸鳍在动态倾转下取得良好的流动特性获得启示，据此模化出仿生正弦前缘翼面（包含3种波峰和2种波长），旨在实现动态失速控制。借助三维非定常数值模拟方法，采用运动网格技术，基于SC1095旋翼翼型，研究了仿生前缘动态失速流动控制机理及运动参数和来流速度的影响。结果表明：正弦前缘大幅度降低俯仰力矩系数峰值和阻力系数峰值；前缘波峰越大、波长越小，阻力系数峰值与俯仰力矩系数峰值的抑制效果越明显，虽然升力系数峰值减小，但其减小量远小于前两者，例如其中一种仿生翼使俯仰力矩系数峰值减小了47.7%，阻力系数峰值减小了36.4%，升力系数峰值减小14.1%；在最大迎角附近，正弦前缘能够缓和失速特性，使载荷变化更为平缓；在高平均迎角、低俯仰频率、低马赫数下，仿生翼动态失速控制效果更强，相比较而言迎角振幅的影响较小。