CHANG'E-2 lunar escape maneuvers to the Sun–Earth L2 libration point mission

This paper addresses lunar escape maneuvers of the first Chinese Sun–Earth L2 libration point mission by the CHANG'E-2 satellite, which is also the world's first satellite to reach the L2 point from a lunar orbit. The lunar escape maneuvers are heavily constrained by the remaining propellant and the condition of telemetry, track and command, among others. First, these constraints are analyzed and summarized to design a target L2 Lissajous orbit and an initial transfer trajectory. Second, the maneuver mathematical models are studied. The multilevel maneuver schemes which consist of phasing maneuvers and a final lunar escape maneuver are designed for actual operations. Based on the scheme analysis and comparison, the 2-maneuver scheme with a 5.3-h-period phasing orbit is ultimately selected. Finally, the mission status based on the scheme is presented and the control operation results are discussed in detail. The methodology in this paper is especially beneficial and applicable to a future multi-mission instance in the deep space exploration.     

火星精确着陆制导问题分析与展望

美国火星科学实验室(MSL)任务成功将“好奇”号火星车着陆到火星表面,开创了火星精确着陆探测的新局面。以MSL着陆任务为典型代表,分析了目前火星着陆探测进入、下降和着陆（Entry, Descent and Landing, EDL）过程的制导方案及制导系统的发展趋势。以在火星高海拔、复杂地形区域定点着陆为潜在工程目标,归纳了火星EDL过程面临的制导主要问题。根据未来制导系统自主性和自适应性的技术需求及潜在工程任务制导面临的问题,提出了火星EDL制导方面需要解决的关键技术,并对其在未来工程中的应用潜力进行了展望。     

The neutron,gamma-ray,X-ray spectrometer (NGXS): A compact instrument for making combined measurements of neutrons,gamma-rays,and X-rays

The Neutron, Gamma ray, and X-ray Spectrometer (NGXS) is a compact instrument designed to detect neutrons, gamma-rays, and hard X-rays. The original goal of NGXS was to detect and characterize neutrons, gamma-rays, and X-rays from the Sun as part of the Solar Probe Plus mission in order to provide direct insight into particle acceleration, magnetic reconnection, and cross-field transport processes that take place near the Sun. Based on high-energy neutron detections from prompt solar flares, it is estimated that the NGXS would detect neutrons from 15 to 24 impulsive flares. The NGXS sensitivity to 2.2 MeV gamma rays would enable a detection of ∼50–60 impulsive flares. The NGXS is estimated to measure ∼120 counts/s for a GOES C1-type flare at 0.1 AU, which allows for a large dynamic range to detect both small and large flares.     

保护映射理论在火星无人机鲁棒自适应控制的应用

针对具有模型不确定性特点的火星无人机控制问题,本文基于保护映射理论提出一种飞行控制的鲁棒自适应调参数方法,通过建立控制系统未知参数与闭环系统极点间的约束关系,在飞行高度和速度变化的情况下,利用对系统极点的配置,保证火星无人机的稳定飞行要求。此外,设计过程中控制器结构固定,只需给定一个初始增益,即可实现系统的鲁棒自适应调参。仿真研究表明获取的增益能使控制作用满足火星无人机在高度和速度变化情况下的稳定飞行要求。     

基于低轨预警卫星测量数据的弹道重构与选星算法研究

在低轨天基预警卫星(STSS)24星构型配置条件下,对弹道导弹ICBM全程飞行过程中可见预警卫星数多于2颗,用最小二乘几何弹道一次定位及扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)算法,提出了基于观测噪声估计方差最小的可见星最优选星原则。仿真结果表明:与不进行选星方式相比,用该选星原则进行弹道导弹弹道重构计算可满足在最小限度占用监视预警卫星资源条件下,获得更高的弹道重构精度。     

On real-time pseudo-dynamic sub-structure testing: algorithm,numerical and experimental results

The real-time pseudo-dynamic sub-structure (SubPSD) test is a new procedure for dynamic testing of structures. Here, the actual test specimen is a part, i.e. sub-structure, of a larger, complex system. The main structure is simulated on a computer which is in interaction with the test rig.One possible application is the qualification test of a payload (sub-structure) mounted in a carrier rocket (computer model). Consideration of the interaction between main- and sub-structure will yield more realistic results than conventional shaking table tests. This can be a good basis for a more effective, light-weight design of the payload.An algorithm is presented, which is based on the Newmark time domain solution of the equation of motion. It uses sub-stepping instead of iteration to reach equilibrium within each time step. This algorithm and a suitable hardware allow for true real-time performance of the SubPSD test, even with oscillatory sub-structures. Numerical studies are presented which demonstrate the accuracy but also the limits of the procedure. Experimental results of a 4 d.o.f. test model are compared to the numerical results.     

长期贮存平台惯导系统壳体效应变化行为模型

长期贮存条件下平台惯导系统壳体效应具有与使用状态不同的漂移特性,其漂移规律与各性能参数退化及其相互耦合特性相关,在工程应用中往往难以分析贮存条件下壳体效应稳定性水平和合理配置标定维护资源。本文通过全面分析伺服电路零位和框架轴上干扰力矩引起壳体效应漂移的原理及其漂移表达式,在此基础上深入挖掘了表达式中漂移参数的变化特性,综合给出了伺服电路零位和框架轴上干扰力矩引起壳体效应漂移的变化行为模型,并结合实际贮存环境剖面对其进行了长期漂移特性、加速特性和稳定性分析,分析表明在现有贮存条件下,伺服电路零位和框架轴上干扰力矩引起的壳体效应在X、Y和Z轴的长期漂移特性相近,与实际使用状态的响应特性不同,且无加速特性,具有较好的稳定性水平,从而为合理安排标定维护资源提供了依据。      

轴对称矢量喷管偏转效率的快速分析方法

提出了一种骨架与A8滚子间柔性线线高副约束的简化算法,在该算法和模态综合法相结合的基础上构建了轴对称矢量喷管（AVEN）的刚柔耦合动力学模型,并遵循力的叠加原理和能量等效原则实现了热态气动载荷的等效简化和实时加载。基于该算法的仿真结果与实验误差约为4%,具有较高可信性;而与采用接触的模型对比仿真表明,二者精度相当,而前者更加稳定高效,能将单工况的计算时间从三天缩短到半小时;针对轴对称矢量喷管的某中间和加力典型工作状态,采用该算法模型对比分析了关键件柔性对轴对称矢量喷管偏转效率的贡献,最终发现：A9环是偏转效率的主要影响因素,占比超过94%。仿真结果表明,该算法模型本身就是一种效率与精度兼顾的稳定仿真方法,而A9环对偏转效率的影响占比表明,使用仅考虑A9环柔性的刚柔耦合模型将是轴对称矢量喷管偏转效率仿真的一种更加高效的快速估算方法。