风险投资中三类经典优化模型等价性分析

风险投资中有三类经典优化模型，分别是风险极小化模型、期望收益极大化模型、风险厌恶模型。这三类模型的等价会为投资组合分析提供更多的方法。文中证明了三类优化模型产生相同的有效前沿，并在此意义下得出这三类优化模型的等价性。另外，引用MSCI世界股价指数数据对三个模型有效前沿的等价性，进行实际算例验证。     

Comparative analysis of architectures for the control loop of launch vehicles during atmospheric flight

Most of architectures used for the control loop of launch vehicles are based on attitude angle, attitude rate and lateral acceleration feedbacks. Related controllers are usually chosen to be stable. The main purpose of this paper is to give a comparison between a few architectures, pointing out the benefits of an unstable attitude angle feedback design for the control of an aerodynamically unstable launch vehicle. Such a design indeed is appropriate to reduce significantly the aerodynamic load during atmospheric flight. This is an issue of practical interest as it has become a design driver for mechanical sizing of modern launchers.The paper recalls the various goals the control loop is trying to reach all along the atmospheric flight (stability, set point tracking, aerodynamic load minimization …). For each phase of the flight, priorities are discussed. The paper then focuses on two critical phases of the atmospheric flight, i.e. high dynamic pressure period and atmospheric stages separation.     

Optimal design of composite lattice shell structures for aerospace applications

An optimization method for composite lattice shell structures under axially compressive loads is proposed aiming at the preliminary design. The method implements and improves some previous results of the fully analytical approach which is currently adopted at the state-of-the-art. The fully analytical approach provides the minimum mass solution under buckling and strength constraints, irrespective of other possible design limitations, such as, shell stiffness constraints. As a consequence, the minimum mass solution turns out to be satisfactory whereas other requirements are absent or automatically achieved but, on the contrary, it can drive the final preliminary configuration far from the real optimum.The proposed method implements numerical minimization allowing the designer to easily handle suboptimal configurations which are located in the vicinity of the minimum mass solution. When stiffness requirement is present (as in most cases) the benefit of this approach – in terms of weight saving with respect to the analytical design – is finally shown with a practical example.     

看红色文化如何与动漫经济相结合——动画电影《西柏坡》简评

时下红色文化热,唱红歌活动大江南北如火如荼。红色电影《西柏坡》将红色文化教育、红色旅游经济与动漫传播相结合,是一次用动画形式弘扬红色文化的大胆尝试。     

河北省农村居民体育生活方式调研

本文采用文献资料法、问卷调查法,针对河北省约5万个行政村中的3000位农村居民,按照行政区域、经济发展、性别、年龄原则进行筛选。就河北省新农村建设过程中农村居民的体育生活方式的现状及影响因素等问题进行调查。目的是对河北全省农村居民进行体育生活方式的调查,明确在河北省进行新农村建设的过程中农村居民的体育生活方式的现状及其...     

Decentralized sliding-mode control for spacecraft attitude synchronization under actuator failures

This paper examines attitude synchronization and tracking problems with model uncertainties, external disturbances, actuator failures and control torque saturation. Two decentralized sliding mode control laws are proposed and analyzed based on algebraic graph theory. Using Barbalat׳s Lemma, it is shown that the control laws guarantee each spacecraft approaches the desired time-varying attitude and angular velocity while maintaining attitude synchronization among the other spacecraft in the formation. The first controller is designed in the presence of model uncertainties, external disturbances, and actuator failures. The results are extended to the case with control input saturation in the second controller. Both control laws do not require online identification of failures. Numerical simulations are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed attitude synchronization and tracking approaches.     

不确定性环境下小微企业信用评价体系研究

经济一体化的过程中,小微企业的经营状况更多地依赖外部的经济环境,不确定性成为小微企业经营的常态。因此,交易各方对小微企业信用信息的需求越来越多。文章在分析小微企业经营环境的基础上,构建财务信用、发展信用、意愿信用、质量信用四位一体的信用评估指标,进一步提出科学合理的信用评估方法,并在此基础上分析了信用评价的保障体系。     

Return to Venus of the Japanese Venus Climate Orbiter AKATSUKI

Japanese Venus Climate Orbiter/AKATSUKI was proposed in 2001 with strong support by international Venus science community and approved as an ISAS (The Institute of Space and Astronautical Science) mission soon after the proposal. The mission life we expected was more than two Earth years in Venus orbit. AKATSUKI was successfully launched at 06:58:22JST on May 21, 2010, by H-IIA F17. After the separation from H-IIA, the telemetry from AKATSUKI was normally detected by DSN Goldstone station (10:00JST) and the solar cell paddles’ deployment was confirmed. After a successful cruise, the malfunction happened on the propulsion system during the Venus orbit insertion (VOI) on Dec. 7, 2010. The engine shut down before the planned reduction in speed to achieve. The spacecraft did not enter the Venus orbit but entered an orbit around the Sun with a period of 203 days. Most of the fuel still had remained, but the orbital maneuvering engine was found to be broken and unusable. However, we have found an alternate way of achieving orbit by using only the reaction control system (RSC). We had adopted the alternate way for orbital maneuver and three minor maneuvers in Nov. 2011 were successfully done so that AKATSUKI would meet Venus in 2015. We are considering several scenarios for VOI using only RCS.     

Spin-stabilized satellite magnetic attitude control scheme without initial detumbling

The angular motion of an axisymmetrical satellite equipped with an active magnetic attitude control system is considered. The dynamics of the satellite are analytically studied on the whole control loop. The control loop is as follows: preliminary reorientation along with nutation damping, spinning about the axis of symmetry, then precise reorientation of the axis of symmetry in inertial space. Reorientation starts right after separation from the launch vehicle. Active magnetic attitude control system time-response with respect to its parameters is analyzed. It is proven that low-inclined orbit forces low control system time-response. Comparison with the common control scheme shows the time-response gain. Numerical analysis of the disturbances effect is carried out and good pointing accuracy is proved.     

Decentralized coordinated control for multiple spacecraft formation maneuvers

We investigate the decentralized coordinated control problem by looking into local information exchange among formation flying spacecraft regarding formation maneuvers. The nonlinear dynamics that describes the motion of formation flying spacecraft relative to a reference spacecraft is considered for the general case, in which the reference spacecraft is in an ideal elliptical orbit. With the novel use of consensus algorithms combined with behavior-based control, coordinated formation controllers are proposed for three schemes: (i) with full state feedback; (ii) without velocity measurements; (iii) and with external disturbances and parametric uncertainty. The three algorithms used in the schemes can achieve both formation maneuvering and formation keeping, as well as consider actuator saturation. Numerous simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.