基于改进PCNN的轴尖表面缺陷检测

脉冲耦合神经网络(PCNN,Pulse Coupled Neural Network)与传统神经网络不同,不经过训练即可用于图像处理.针对PCNN模型中结构参数较多,且需要人工反复试验进行设置的困难,改进模型结构,简化了馈送输入和连接输入,减少了待定参数;根据邻域灰度动态地计算内部连接系数,由邻域的欧氏距离计算权值矩阵,再由图像的灰度特征计算动态阈值.将改进的PCNN用于陀螺轴尖表面缺陷图像的分割,用基于完整性与正确性指标的缓冲区匹配方法评价所提方法、最大熵法及Canny方法.针对不同缺陷图像的实验表明:所提算法的完整性与正确性都高于0.9,证明所提方法更有效.     

基于混合可靠性分析的协同优化方法

针对在多学科设计优化中进行可靠性分析计算成本高的问题,将两种现有的可靠性分析方法与协同优化相结合,提出一种基于混合可靠性分析的协同优化方法.该方法在协同优化的子系统级进行可靠性分析,并在分析前估算优化迭代点与约束边界的距离,对靠近约束边界的点进行基于一次可靠性方法的可靠性分析,其余点仅采用均值法粗略计算其可靠度, 减少了不必要的可靠性分析成本,并将可靠性分析融入到协同优化的框架中.用优化算例对该方法进行了验证,优化结果表明该方法在保证可靠性精度的前提下,有效提高了优化效率,具有实际工程意义.     

基于ADRC的航空发动机限制保护器设计

发动机限制保护器在航空发动机运行过程中对特定的被限制量进行实时监控,在其超出安全范围时实施限制,实现对航空发动机的保护.将自抗扰技术用于限制保护控制器设计,利用自抗扰控制器的扩张观测器,动态估计未知扰动和系统特性,对实际控制量进行反馈补偿,实现超限后的快速保护,提高了发动机的安全性.仿真结果表明:所设计的自抗扰限制保护控制器能将超限偏差有效转化为对主回路指令的修正,综合控制系统响应速度快,达到了限制保护的目的.     

Hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design using modified sequential approximate optimization

Hypersonic vehicles are receiving increased attention within the aerospace community due to their high cruise speed and long-range capabilities. In this paper, a modified Sequential Approximate Optimization method is proposed for an optimized aerodynamic design of a hypersonic vehicle. As part of this approach, a constrained experimental design method is developed to handle the constraints more efficiently. A radial basis function is used to surrogate time-consuming CFD analysis. An efficient and more robust numerical mesh morphing scheme for the hypersonic vehicle is developed for the generation of high-quality meshes. Within this paper, a novel adaptive infilling strategy is proposed which uses an inaccurate search technique coupled with an elite archive. This allows the location of a more promising sample region and hence improves the surrogate accuracy, thereby further enhancing the optimization efficiency. A hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design problem is solved using the proposed approach and satisfactory results are obtained at much lower computational costs. The lift-to-drag ratio is increased by 23.8% when compared with the base configuration while also satisfying the volume and lift constraints. The pressure and Mach contours have been compared with those of the base configuration and the results demonstrate the strength of the optimized configuration. The modified sequential approximate optimization for designing an improved hypersonic vehicle is worth referencing in future work.     

Comparison of convergence time and positioning accuracy among BDS,GPS and BDS/GPS precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution

Precise point positioning (PPP) usually takes about 30?min to obtain centimetre-level accuracy, which greatly limits its application. To address the drawbacks of convergence speed and positioning accuracy, we develop a PPP model with integrated GPS and BDS observations. Based on the method, stations with global coverage are selected to estimate the fractional cycle bias (FCB) of GPS and BDS. The short-term and long-term time series of wide-lane (WL) FCB, and the single day change of narrow-lane (NL) FCB are analysed. It is found that the range of GPS and BDS non-GEO (IGSO and MEO) WL FCB is stable at up to a 30-day-time frame. At times frame of up to 60?days, the stability is reduced a lot. Whether for short-term or long-term, the changes in the BDS GEO WL FCB are large. Moreover, BDS FCB sometimes undergoes a sudden jump. Besides, 17 and 10 stations were used respectively to investigate the convergence speed and positioning errors with six strategies: BDS ambiguity-float PPP (Bfloat), GPS ambiguity-float PPP (Gfloat), BDS/GPS ambiguity-float PPP (BGfloat), BDS ambiguity-fixed PPP (Bfix), GPS ambiguity-fixed (Gfix), and BDS/GPS ambiguity-fixed (BGfix). The average convergence speed of the ambiguity-fixed solution is greatly improved compared with the ambiguity-float solution. In terms of the average convergence time, the Bfloat is the longest and the BGfix is the shortest among these six strategies. Whether for ambiguity-float PPP or ambiguity-fixed PPP, the convergence reduction time in three directions for the combined system is the largest compared with the single BDS. The average RMS value of the Bfix in three directions (easting (E), northing (N), and up (U)) are 2.0?cm, 1.5?cm, and 5.9?cm respectively, while those of the Gfix are 0.8?cm, 0.5?cm, and 1.7?cm. Compared with single system, the BDS/GPS combined ambiguity-fixed system (BGfix) has the fastest convergence speed and the highest accuracy, with average RMS as 0.7?cm, 0.5?cm, and 1.9?cm for the E, N, U components, respectively.     

以太阳风为源水分子在月球空间环境中的分布特征

近年来,越来越多的观测结果均显示月球上存在水.本文通过运用Monte-Carlo方法及基于能量守恒的有心力场中粒子轨道算法对水分子在近月表的输运过程进行建模,得到了水分子在近月表分布随时间演化的图像.模拟结果显示,分布在高纬地区的水分子较同经度的中低纬地区要多,这与目前探测得到的结论是一致的.同时,对最终进入永久阴影区的水分子的百分比进行了统计,在光解离常数为6.4×10⁴s的情况下,有大约4.12%的水分子会被永久阴影区存储下来,这个比例与前人估算结果相吻合.     

基于递推自适应权重的快速稠密立体匹配

针对经典自适应权重稠密立体匹配算法计算量大的问题,提出了一种递推自适应权重算法.重新定义相邻像素的权重为距离衰减因子和色彩差异函数的乘积,不相邻像素权重为相邻像素权重的累乘,色彩差异越小、距离越近的像素权重越大;证明了在新的权重定义下,一维空间的匹配代价融合可以通过两次递推完成,真实图像的匹配代价融合可以通过4次递推完成,同时给出相应递推公式;递推匹配代价融合时每个像素每一视差只做4次乘法和8次加法,计算量比窗口大小为35×35的经典自适应权重算法小约两个数量级;基于递推匹配代价融合实现了一种快速稠密立体匹配算法.使用Middlebury大学的测评集测试该算法,证明了递推自适应权重算法的速度和精度均优于经典自适应权重算法.     

基于RT-LAB的组合导航仿真平台设计

设计了一种基于RT-LAB的SINS/GPS/CNS（Strapdown Inertial Navigation System/Global Positioning System/Celestial Navigation System）组合导航系统仿真平台方案,建立具有故障检测、隔离和系统重构能力的基于联邦卡尔曼滤波器的姿态、位置、速度组合导航系统方案和结构.将SINS与GPS的位置之差和速度之差作为SINS/GPS子滤波器的观测量,通过CNS给出的载体惯性姿态信息获得SINS的姿态误差角测量信息.仿真结果表明,该系统方案具有较强的容错性能、较高的导航精度和很强的实时性能,为组合导航技术的研究提供了有益的参考.     

A new design of low-power portable digital ionosonde

The Ionospheric Laboratory of Wuhan University is interested in upgrading its instrumentation replacing the WIOBSS (Wuhan Ionospheric Oblique Backscattering Sounding System) with a more flexible and automatic ionosonde. Then the updated ionosonde WMI (Wuhan Multifunctional Ionosonde) with automatic ionogram scaling has been developed to satisfy future research. The new system not only inherited some classic techniques from WIOBSS, such as the pulse compression and the coherent integration techniques, but also made great improvements in hardware design and software updating. This paper mainly introduces evolutions of this new ionosonde in both digital transceiver and digital signal processing domain, and also presents some observations.