GRACE gravity field modeling with an investigation on correlation between nuisance parameters and gravity field coefficients

The GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) monthly gravity models have been independently produced and published by several research institutions, such as Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS). According to their processing standards, above institutions use the traditional variational approach except that the DEOS exploits the acceleration approach. The background force models employed are rather similar. The produced gravity field models generally agree with one another in the spatial pattern. However, there are some discrepancies in the gravity signal amplitude between solutions produced by different institutions. In particular, 10%–30% signal amplitude differences in some river basins can be observed. In this paper, we implemented a variant of the traditional variational approach and computed two sets of monthly gravity field solutions using the data from January 2005 to December 2006. The input data are K-band range-rates (KBRR) and kinematic orbits of GRACE satellites. The main difference in the production of our two types of models is how to deal with nuisance parameters. This type of parameters is necessary to absorb low-frequency errors in the data, which are mainly the aliasing and instrument errors. One way is to remove the nuisance parameters before estimating the geopotential coefficients, called NPARB approach in the paper. The other way is to estimate the nuisance parameters and geopotential coefficients simultaneously, called NPESS approach. These two types of solutions mainly differ in geopotential coefficients from degree 2 to 5. This can be explained by the fact that the nuisance parameters and the gravity field coefficients are highly correlated, particularly at low degrees. We compare these solutions with the official and published ones by means of spectral analysis. It is found that our solutions are, in general, consistent with others in the spatial pattern. The water storage variations of the Amazon, Chari and Ganges river basins have also been computed. The variations computed with the NPARB approach are closer to those produced by JPL and DEOS solutions, while the variations produced with the NPESS approach are in good agreement with those produced by the CSR and GFZ solutions. A simulation study is implemented with considering realistic noise and low-frequency error. The two approaches are used to recover the true model. The NPESS solution appears closer to the true one. Therefore we are inclined to estimate the nuisance parameters simultaneously with the geopential coefficients.     

民航飞机放行评估实验教学方法研究

飞机放行评估是航空公司进行运行控制的一项重要内容,它直接决定了航空公司运行和服务的质量。文中通过对中国民航大学现有的教学资源和现用的教学方法进行介绍,并进一步提出改革建议,从而有助于更好地搭建实验平台,提高教学质量。     

论动机理论对大学英语教学的启示

学习动机是学习者在第二语言习得过程的诸多因素中最具能动性的因素,是推动大学生进行学习活动的动力,直接影响到大学生进行学习活动的积极性。二语习得中的动机理论给我们大学英语教学以重要启示,它将会成为大学英语教学成功与否的关键所在。     

飞机超低空牵引空投动力学响应研究

当飞机进行超低空牵引空投(Super low attitude parachute extraction system,SLAPES)时,货物在货舱内移动,导致飞机质心位置、转动惯量以及绕质心的气动力矩都有显著的变化,飞机可能变成静不稳定的。本文从理论力学和飞行力学的基本原理出发,以飞机的质心作为参考点,分别建立了重物在货舱内静止,被牵引伞牵引和最后在货舱内移动的整个过程中飞机响应的数学模型。通过对重物的不同质量、牵引伞不同牵引比和不同的开伞过程时间条件下的仿真,得到货物质量、牵引比和开伞过程对整个空投的影响。     

Coupled Stress-Electricity Model for Electromagnetic Emission Induced by Concrete Fracture

Electromagnetic emission induced during concrete fracturing is of great significance to health monitoring of concrete structures.A coupled stress-electricity model is established by analyzing the interaction between stress and electricity during concrete fracturing.And based on this model,the electromagnetic radiation parameters are calculated.The theoretical calculation is well coincident with experimental results.This work provides theoretical support for concrete testing system.     

基于语义相似度计算的航天标准关联度评价

随着航天领域各级各类标准编制数量的逐年递增,相关标准之间的交叉重复制定问题随之而来。为解决该问题,文中通过计算语义相似度的方法开展航天领域标准名称、标准范围及主要内容的关联度评价。算例分析结果表明,该方法可以有效评估标准间的关联程度。     

科技期刊信息化建设的思路与实践

面对信息化时代带来的机遇和挑战,科技期刊如何应对,以适应潮流的发展,满足更多科技工作者的需求,抓住广大读者的需求,近而提升科技期刊的影响力。文章通过对《航天器工程》期刊编辑部信息化建设和网络建设,结合实践经验,对科技期刊信息化建设进行了分析。     

等温锻造Ti—47Al—2Cr—1Nb合金显微组织细化机理

Ti 4 7Al 2Cr 1Nb(at % )合金经等温锻造形变热处理后 ,显微组织得到显著细化 ;TEM分析表明 ,TiAl合金在等温变形时 ,形变主要以γ相板条内产生变形孪晶的方式进行 ;大部分变形孪晶垂直于α2 /γ界面 ,热处理时易形成再结晶核心 ,形成等轴γ晶粒     

热压工艺在Cf／SiC复合材料制备中的应用

探讨了热压工艺 (HP)在常压浸渍裂解 (PIP)制备 Cf/Si C复合材料制备过程中的应用 ,认为热压浸渍裂解工艺 (HP-PIP)既可以改善碳纤维与基体 Si C之间的界面 ,又可以提高材料的致密度 ,使材料内部的空隙减少或消失 ,同时使孔隙排布均匀 ,从而使材料的性能有了大幅度提高 ,其强度由原来的 2 90 MPa提高到 5 40 MPa,并且可重复性很好     

飞机燃油密度实时测量及其实现方法

主要讨论了飞机燃油量实时测量的有关问题，并就其中燃油密度测量这一关键环节进行了重点论述，对密度测量的重要性、测量方法和国内外的研究状况进行了探讨。