球形压头压入中摩擦对材料参数识别的影响

利用量纲分析原理和有限元方法,研究了球形压头压入中摩擦对于幂强化材料塑性材料参数识别的影响.通过定义一种基于能量的表征应变,根据识别的两个压入深度的表征应变和表征应力,得到材料的塑性特性;最后研究了摩擦对压入响应、表征应力及材料参数提取的影响.研究结果表明,摩擦对压入的影响与材料的应变硬化指数、弹性模量与屈服极限的比值及弹性功与总功的比值密切相关,弹性功与总功的比值越大,摩擦的影响越小;摩擦对材料参数提取的影响不可忽略,当摩擦系数未知时,对于压入过程中弹性功与总功的比值较大的材料,近似取摩擦系数为0.15,能得到较合理的材料参数识别的结果.      

飞机飞行控制律/操纵效率器多学科优化设计

基于近似模型和遗传算法,针对多操纵面布局飞机提出一种对全包线飞行控制律和操纵效率器几何形状与位置进行多学科优化的设计方法.该方法采用力矩控制方式进行控制,应用鲁棒增益调参方法设计全包线飞行控制系统,利用试验设计方法和径向基神经网络响应面获取近似的气动学科模型和控制学科模型,在近似模型基础上由遗传算法获得优化的设计参数并最终获得优化的控制律和操纵效率器.以某多操纵面布局无尾飞机为例进行计算机飞行仿真验证,结果表明该方法具有可行性.      

Antideuteron based dark matter search with GAPS: Current progress and future prospects

The General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) is a new approach to the indirect detection of dark matter. It relies on searching for primary antideuterons produced in the annihilation of dark matter in the galactic halo. Low energy antideuterons produced through Standard Model processes, such as collisions of cosmic-rays with interstellar baryons, are greatly suppressed compared to primary antideuterons. Thus a low energy antideuteron search provides a clean signature of dark matter. In GAPS antiparticles are slowed down and captured in target atoms. The resultant exotic atom deexcites with the emission of X-rays and annihilation pions, protons and other particles. A tracking geometry allows for the detection of the X-rays and particles, providing a unique signature to identify the mass of the antiparticle. A prototype detector was successfully tested at the KEK accelerator in 2005, and a prototype GAPS balloon flight is scheduled for 2011. This will be followed by a full scale experiment on a long duration balloon from Antarctica in 2014. We discuss the status and future plans for GAPS.     

Finite element reconstruction approach for on-orbit spacecraft breakup dynamics simulation and fragment analysis

Breakup model is the key area of space debris environment modeling. NASA standard breakup model is currently the most widely used for general-purpose. It is a statistical model found based on space surveillance data and a few ground-based test data. NASA model takes the mass, impact velocity magnitude for input and provides the fragment size, area-to-mass ratio, velocity magnitude distributions for output. A more precise approach for spacecraft disintegration fragment analysis is presented in this paper. This approach is based on hypervelocity impact dynamics and takes the shape, material, internal structure and impact location etc. of spacecraft and impactor, which might greatly affect the fragment distribution, into consideration. The approach is a combination of finite element and particle methods, entitled finite element reconstruction (FER). By reconstructing elements from the particle debris cloud, reliable individual fragments are identified. Fragment distribution is generated with undirected graph conversion and connected component analysis. Ground-based test from literature is introduced for verification. In the simulation satellite targets and impactors are modeled in detail including the shape, material, internal structure and so on. FER output includes the total number of fragments and the mass, size and velocity vector of each fragment. The reported fragment distribution of FER shows good agreement with the test, and has good accuracy for small fragments.     

Optimization of communication network topology for navigation sharing among distributed satellites

Navigation sharing among distributed satellites is quite important for coordinated motion and collision avoidance. This paper proposes optimization methods of the communication network topology to achieve navigation sharing. The whole communication network constructing by inter-satellite links are considered as a topology graph. The aim of this paper is to find the communication network topology with minimum communication connections’ number (MCCN) in different conditions. It has found that the communication capacity and the number of channels are two key parameters affecting the results. The model of MCCN topology for navigation sharing is established and corresponding method is designed. Two main scenarios, viz., homogeneous case and heterogeneous case, are considered. For the homogeneous case where each member has the same communication capacity, it designs a construction method (Algorithm 1) to find the MCCN topology. For the heterogeneous case, it introduces a modified genetic algorithm (Algorithm 2) to find the MCCN topology. When considering the fact that the number of channels is limited, the Algorithm 2 is further modified by adding a penalized term in the fitness function. The effectiveness of these algorithms is all proved in theoretical. Three examples are further tested to illustrate the methods developed in this paper.     

北极黄河站极光亚暴期间低热层大气中性风研究

极光亚暴是地球空间基本的能量输入、耦合及耗散过程,其对低热层大气中性风的影响不容忽视,对这一问题进行深入研究具有重要意义.2010年11月,中国北极黄河站(78.92°N,11.93°E)安装了一台自主研制的全天空法布里-珀罗干涉仪(FPI)并开始进行正常观测,为中国首次获得了极光亚暴期间的FPI观测数据.根据2012年越冬期间的观测情况,对2012年11月12-14日及12月09-11日两个极光亚暴事件期间的数据进行处理,计算得到了5级干涉环对应的风场.亚暴期间风场变化与地磁活动变化的对比分析表明,风速的剧烈变化可能是由地磁活动剧烈扰动造成的.针对2012年11月13日00:00UT-02:00UT和2012年12月10日05:00UT-07:30UT的亚暴事件,将全天空相机拍摄到的极光图像与FPI干涉图像对应的视线风场进行对比分析.结果表明在极光活动中,视线风速加强的方向与极光弧的方向垂直,而在极光弧的平行方向,风速相对较小.     

用于识别两颗故障卫星的RAIM算法

提出了一种可以识别两颗故障卫星的接收机自主完好性监测算法.将最优奇偶矢量法应用于两颗故障卫星识别,指出由于故障偏差可能会抵消而使得正确识别率较低.对最优奇偶矢量法进行了改进,利用对单颗卫星故障敏感的最优奇偶矢量对所有可能的两颗故障卫星组合分别构造两个新的奇偶矢量,用于两颗故障卫星的检测和识别.计算机仿真结果显示,改进后的算法与直接利用最优奇偶矢量法相比,可以显著提高两颗故障卫星正确识别率,识别率可超过90%.同时,改进算法的奇偶矢量构造方法简单,计算量将减少90%以上,更有利于工程实现.      

单相流体回路在卫星热控制中的应用研究

单相流体回路系统是航天器主动热控技术中的一种重要方式,文章概述了流体回路的工作原理及理论基础,总结了单相流体回路的设计思路,设计了一个可参考的流体回路方案,在SINDA/FLUINT中建立数值仿真模型进行分析计算,并评价了其应用性能,结果显示,将单相流体回路系统应用于卫星,可取得很好的控温效果。     

双轴发动机特性计算的收敛

本文提出了符合发动机物理模型的多变量非线性方程组的降阶处理方法,与其它各项措施相配合,可以使双轴涡喷、涡扇发动机在任何飞行状态和任何油门位置下的稳态特性计算以及在任何飞行条件下从慢车到最大状态的加速过程计算都能获得比较满意的结果。      

Modeling Random Gyro Drift Rate by Data Dependent Systems

A new modeling procedure is presented in which a mathematical model for random gyro drift rate is obtained directly from the original observations without requiring any theoretical conjectures or preprocessing of the data. The adequate model so obtained confirms the presence of a random walk component causing the "steady state" drift and a stochastic component of the nature of correlated noise. It also provides a quantitative measure of the relative contribution of each component, useful in determining the quality of the gyro in guidance over extended periods.