Recent Progress of Fengyun Meteorology Satellites

After nearly 50 years of development, Fengyun (FY) satellite ushered in its best moment. China has become one of the three countries or units in the world (China, USA, and EU) that maintain both polar orbit and geostationary orbit satellites operationally. Up to now, there are 17 Fengyun (FY) satellites that have been launched successfully since 1988. There are two FY polar orbital satellites and four FY geostationary orbit satellites operate in the space to provide a huge amount of the earth observation data to the user communities. The FY satellite data has been applied not only in the meteorological but also in agriculture, hydraulic engineering, environmental, education, scientific research and other fields. More recently, three meteorological satellites have been launched within the past two years. They are FY-4A on 11 December 2016, FY-3D on 15 November 2017 and FY-2H on 5 June 2018. This paper introduces the current status of FY meteorological satellites and data service. The updates of the latest three satellites have been addressed. The characteristics of their payloads on-boarding have been specified in details and the benefit fields have been anticipated separately.      

ELID成形磨削实验研究与表面粗糙度预测

为了探究ELID成型磨削中磨削参数和电解参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律,基于未变形切屑厚度模型,考虑砂轮上磨粒出刃高度的随机性以及ELID磨削中氧化膜的影响,建立了针对ELID磨削的表面粗糙度预测模型。单因素实验研究了ELID成形磨削电源参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律,并探讨了电解电流与氧化膜厚度之间的关系。全因子实验以工件转速、砂轮转速和进给切深为影响因素,研究了磨削参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律,并对预测模型进行了验证。结果表明:磨削参数中,其他条件一定时,表面粗糙度随砂轮转速的增大而减小,随工件转速和切深的增大而增大;同时对于粗糙度的预测误差达到了8.75%,预测模型有效可靠。     

An estimation of Envisat’s rotational state accounting for the precession of its rotational axis caused by gravity-gradient torque

The rotational state of Envisat is re-estimated using the specular glint times in optical observation data obtained from 2013 to 2015. The model is simplified to a uniaxial symmetric model with the first order variation of its angular momentum subject to a gravity-gradient torque causing precession around the normal of the orbital plane. The sense of Envisat’s rotation can be derived from observational data, and is found to be opposite to the sense of its orbital motion. The rotational period is estimated to be $(120.674\pm 0.068)·\exp \left((4.5095\pm 0.0096)\times {10}^{-4}·t\right)\text{s}$, where t is measured in days from the beginning of 2013. The standard deviation is 0.760?s, making this the best fit obtained for Envisat in the literature to date. The results demonstrate that the angle between the angular momentum vector and the negative normal of the orbital plane librates around a mean value of $8.53°\pm 0.42°$ with an amplitude from about $0.7°$ (in 2013) to $0.5°$ (in 2015), with the libration period equal to the precession period of the angular momentum, from about 4.8?days (in 2013) to 3.4?days (in 2015). The ratio of the minimum to maximum principal moments of inertia is estimated to be $0.0818\pm 0.0011$, and the initial longitude of the angular momentum in the orbital coordinate system is $40.5°\pm 9.3°$. The direction of the rotation axis derived from our results at September 23, 2013, UTC 20:57 is similar to the results obtained from satellite laser ranging data but about $20°$ closer to the negative normal of the orbital plane.     

LOX/LCH_4变推力发动机技术初步研究

对国内外变推力发动机和LOX/LCH4发动机的研究进展进行了总结,在此基础上,提出了一种LOX/LCH4变推力发动机系统方案。在深入分析的基础上,对此方案进行了功率平衡和推力室传热计算,结果表明该系统方案完全能够实现10:1推力变比。LOX/LCH4变推力发动机可以广泛应用于多种运载器和航天器中,对我国探月及后续的载人登月工程均可以提供技术支持,对LOX/LCH4发动机的技术发展和未来的载人登陆火星等任务都具有深远影响。     

管理创新促进科技创新的思考

科技管理创新是通过在管理理念、管理方法、管理手段、管理体制等方面改革与创新,促进科技工作的发展。管理理念创新是科技管理创新的先导,人才是管理创新的第一要素,制度创新是管理创新的关键,激励和绩效管理是科技管理创新的重要阶梯,实现科研管理工作的信息化和规范化,是科技管理创新的重要途径。     

具有特殊方向图的小型化锥面共形微带天线阵

文章研究了具有特殊方向图的小型化锥面共形微带天线阵的设计方法,讨论了实现天线小型化的方法,调整了矩形微带贴片的辐射模式,使其能够实现天线垂直面方向图偏向共形体的底部,研制了天线样机,并对天线样机进行了测量。测量结果表明此微带天线阵具有很好的共形及小型化特性,并且实现了天线的辐射方向图向共形体的底部的偏置。     

S波段大型功分馈电网络设计

为了满足某平面阵列天线高增益、低副瓣的要求,设计了工作在S波段、相对带宽为10％的1—48的大型功分馈电网络。该馈电网络采用带状线功分器与微带线功分器级联而成。利用HFSS、Ansoft Designer等电磁软件对其进行仿真设计。实测结果表明在所要求的频段内,网络的输入驻波小于1．50,相位误差小于10°。     

现代小卫星的发展及轨道垃圾问题

文章首先综述半个多世纪以来传统和现代小卫星的技术发展,特别是现代小卫星在对地观测、通信导航、空间技术实验与演示、深空探测、军事等方面的应用取得很多成就,尤其是对地观测高分辨率成像系统取得了突破性技术成就;其次讨论小卫星所产生的轨道垃圾及其影响和处理;最后提出未来小卫星技术发展十个原则,对未来小卫星的应用作了展望。     

非定常条件下喷嘴结构对燃油流量脉动的影响

假设油路处于小脉动条件下,燃油流量连续,以流量数为中间变量,推导了燃油流量脉动关于喷嘴结构的关系模型.得出结论:当外部激励一定时,燃油流量脉动与流量数成正比,与平均燃油压降的0.5次方成反比.通过喷嘴标定得出了减小流量数进而减小燃油流量脉动的方法:增加节流级数、减小节流面积,并用脉动试验证明了此方法的正确性,为喷嘴设计者在面对不稳定性问题时提供了一般的设计步骤.      

机载雷达测控站性能分析CSCD

陆基、海基测控设备在跟踪低空特别是超低空飞行目标时受视距影响大,作用距离有限,而机载测控站作为空中测量平台,不受视距影响,有很大发展空间。介绍了机载测控站的组成、功能和工作原理,分析了机载测控站相关参数关系和工作能力,提出了提高跟踪能力的方法措施;给出了系统跟踪距离计算公式,通过几种典型目标速度分析了系统的跟踪能力,并与陆基、海基测控设备的跟踪能力进行了比对。结果表明,机载测控站在跟踪低空目标时作用距离较远,在低弹道大射程目标飞行试验中具有较大的应用空间。