多尺度大视场十亿像素成像技术

十亿像素相机可以获取信息量较大的图像,在天文观测、航空航天遥感等领域具有广泛的应用前景。受探测器和光学设计水平的限制,传统的大视场十亿像素成像通过小视场相机扫描和图像拼接实现。为解决传统十亿像素相机实时性不高的问题,文章研究一种新型多尺度大视场十亿像素成像技术,从实现十亿像素成像的条件出发,阐述该技术的原理、优势及应用领域;分析系统独特的技术指标,包括物理锥角、重叠率等,梳理和归纳新型多尺度大视场十亿像素成像系统走向实用化过程中必须克服的关键技术。研究结果表明,该技术可在不提高系统复杂性的情况下大幅提高监视实时性。     

Space Life Science of China in 2013

In the past two years, space life science research in China is characterized by a wide area of basic researches for providing foundation for the future China Space Station. The effect of microgravity and radiation was further studied from physiology phenomena to the level of bio-molecule mechanisms. Chinese space life science is maturing in a new era of comprehensive development. Here, we review and summarize researches on space life sciences which were contributed by Chinese scientists.      

深空环境下卫星编队飞行队形重构实时重规划

针对深空环境中卫星编队自主队形重构的机动问题,设计了队形重构过程中的实时重规划方案。在每次重规划过程中首先用Legendre伪谱法将当前时刻到终端时刻的重构问题离散化为非线性规划问题;其次,根据卫星编队飞行队形重构的特点,使用协同进化粒子群(CPSO)方法对每次重规划进行求解,该方法既避免了传统优化方法对复杂问题梯度的求解,又能在整个优化过程中保证约束条件的满足,并且能够事先为粒子群的进化提供大致方向,极大地提高了每次重规划的计算速度;最后,提出了重构过程中具体的重规划策略,以保证队形重构的顺利进行。仿真结果表明,与传统的控制方法相比,在重构过程中,该方法能够在初始给定轨迹的基础上进一步优化,可以有效降低重构过程的能量消耗,并能够避免重构过程中碰撞的发生。     

考虑喷注流强分布的纵向稳定性建模与分析

喷注器流强分布是除声学阻尼装置以外使液体火箭发动机稳定工作的重要措施,通过控制喷注流强分布使推进剂的燃烧尽量远离主要振型的波腹区,减少热声耦合振荡的能量源,从而达到抑制高频振荡的效果。因此,建立喷注流强分布与稳定性之间的综合分析模型,研究流强分布的不稳定性抑制特性具有重要实际意义。针对采用自击式喷嘴器、液滴蒸发作为燃烧速率控制过程的某自燃推进剂缩尺燃烧室高频纵向燃烧不稳定问题,近似采用蒸发速率峰值区代替集中燃烧释热区,引入燃烧室三维声学控制方程以考虑多喷嘴条件下燃烧响应空间分布,建立了针对喷注器流强分布条件下的高频纵向燃烧稳定性分析模型,并对喷注流强的稳定性抑制特性进行了分析,给出了不同分布流强下燃烧室一阶纵向信号的增长率变化规律。研究表明,喷注流强分布有利于燃烧室稳定,"驼峰区"喷注孔径的增大对改善高频纵向不稳定性更为显著,"驼峰区"流强增加30%,相应的增长率降低15%。     

二元亚燃冲压发动机高空模拟扩压器气动设计

根据某型二元亚燃冲压发动机连管试验对高空舱内环境压力的要求,考虑高空台现有的抽气能力,充分利用冲压发动机排出燃气的能量,以提高模拟高度、节约能源、扩大高空台工作范围为目的,使用商业数值计算软件设计了一种高空模拟扩压器,并确定了最优的扩压器结构形式、结构参数和引射间距。     

Investigation on Thermal and Dimensional Stability of Epoxy Resin In-Situ Modified by Cyanate Ester Resin and Polydimethylsiloxane

The thermal and dimensional stability of epoxy resin (EP) in-situ modified by cyanate ester (CE) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are investigated by means of experiments and numerical simulation. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) are used to analyze the heat resistance of the modified EP. The dimensional stability is characterized by the volume shrinkage of the series PDMS/CE/EP obtained by the density method. The chemical structure of the PDMS/CE/EP is analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results of TGA and DSC indicate that the thermal stability of PDMS/CE/EP decreases firstly and then increases with the increase in the amount of CE. The addition of PDMS shows a slight effect on the thermal stability. The 40% CE makes the blending system exhibit the lowest initial decomposition temperature, which reduces by 15.5% and 40.8% compared with pure EP and CE, respectively. The FTIR results suggested that the influence of CE on the thermal stability of the modified EP is mainly ascribed to the generation of oxazolidinone ring with low thermal stability and the increase in the triazine ring with high thermal stability. The volume shrinkage measurement results show that the introduction of CE and PDMS are both beneficial to the improvement of the dimensional stability of the blending systems. The in-situ addition of 80% CE shows the lowest volume shrinkage of 6.11%. The thermal stress distribution of PDMS/CE/EP generated during the solidification process is simulated by the finite element analysis. The results suggested that the introduction of 80% CE into EP results in the lowest thermal stress in the blending system, which indicates that the system has the lowest volume shrinkage, which agrees well with the experimental results.     

基于J2ME和J2EE应用平台移动电子商务应用模型研究

目的提出了基于J2ME的移动电子商务系统的应用模型,能较好的解决移动电子商务普遍存在的一些关键问题.方法采用J2ME和J2EE技术体系实现移动电子商务系统的应用模型,并提出交易中安全问题的解决方案.结果利用J2ME和XML技术实现移动购物系统解决方案.结论该模型具有较高灵活性、应用性、安全性和高效性.     

固体火箭发动机枪击过程数值模拟

为研究固体火箭发动机枪击安全性,对7.62 mm子弹射击过程进行了数值模拟.根据高速变形条件下功-热转化理论,计算出子弹穿透壳体温升,对灼热弹体与推进剂高速摩擦生热条件下的瞬态热传导问题,建立了相关理论模型,并进行了数值模拟.研究结果表明,子弹以750 m/s初速射击发动机,能使固体推进剂内形成高温热点,为发动机枪击过程模拟提供了新方法.     

户式中央空调系统设计安装中的细节问题

论文对户式中央空调系统负荷计算与修正,风机盘管的选型,水系统中末端设备的布置、系统调节、水容量与热稳定性,安装调试中旁通阀的使用等细节进行了探讨,提出从设计、安装和施工等具体环节完善户式中央空调系统.     

CU-1型钇基重稀土对Be-Cu合金性能影响的研究

研究了CU-1型钇基重稀土对Be-Cu合金性能的影响。结果表明:Be-Cu合金经过微量CU-1型稀土的微合金化处理后,其显微硬度、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性均有不同程度的提高,热膨胀系数有所下降;随着稀土加入量的增加,Be-Cu合金的显微硬度逐渐提高,磨损量和平均腐蚀速率逐渐降低,热膨胀系数先减小后增大。