叶片脱落诱发的转子- 盘片系统不平衡响应分析

为了厘清叶片脱落诱发的失衡载荷及瞬时冲击对航空发动机转子系统动特性的影响,以转子- 盘片系统为研究对象, 考虑弹性支承的影响,基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA 软件建立系统的有限元模型,模拟叶片脱落对转子- 盘片系统振动响应的影响,分析转 子转速、不平衡量、盘偏置量及支承刚度对系统不平衡振动响应的影响规律。结果表明：轴承支承总反力的变化趋势与系统不平衡 量的变化趋势相同;盘片结构越靠近轴承支承端,轴承支承总反力越小;刚性支承（≥107 N/m）下轴承支承总反力较柔性支承（<107 N/m）下的偏大。该研究可为转子- 盘片系统的结构设计提供参考。     

基于试验设计-遗传算法的船用柴油机冷却系统多目标优化

为了获取某型船用柴油机冷却系统的最佳运行参数,在柴油机可靠运行的前提下,尽量提升动力性和经济性。建立了柴油机工作过程-燃烧室-冷却系统耦合仿真模型,提出试验设计-遗传算法优化算法,该算法具备节省试验成本和多目标全局寻优的优势,选取柴油机的6个典型推进工况点进行研究,采用该算法对冷却系统运行参数开展多目标优化设计,优化设计以海、淡水泵转速为变量因子,以提升动力性参数和经济性参数为目标,以涡前排温、淡水出机温度和峰值缸压为约束条件,优化后,在低负荷点,淡、海水泵节省功耗79.4%、71.73%,扭矩提升7.2%,有效功率提升7.6%,热效率提升8%,耗油率降低6.73%,摩擦功降低9.71%,峰值缸压降低5%。研究结果表明：耦合仿真模型与实机更加贴近;试验设计-遗传算法在解决强耦合、非线性系统的多目标优化问题具备成本低、效率高、精度高的优点。     

基于LabVIEW的超精密磨床嵌入式监控系统

针对超精密磨削机床的监控需求,基于NI–sbRIO硬件平台开发了一套应用于超精密磨床状态监测和数据采集的嵌入式监控系统,使用FPGA对温度、振动、声发射等信息进行实时数据采集,并使用实时处理器对数据进行分析和处理,实现对机床的实时状态监测和数据存储。通过FPGA编程取代硬件数据采集卡,成本低,灵活性强。试验表明,该系统能够胜任超精密磨床的监控任务。     

基于矩阵填充的二维自适应波束形成算法

针对基于矩阵填充的二维自适应波束形成问题,提出一种基于奇异值门限(SVT)的特征分解线性约束最小方差(SVT-ELCMV)算法。首先建立二维自适应波束形成矩阵填充模型,其次验证接收信号矩阵满足零空间性质(NSP),并分析最小可恢复阵元数,最后以SVT算法将稀疏阵列信号恢复为完整信号,并通过修正的特征分解线性约束最小方差(LCMV)形成有效波束。算法解决了稀疏阵列平均副瓣大幅度上升的缺陷,且在平面阵列部分阵元无法正常工作时依然有效。计算机仿真表明:SVT-ELCMV算法可使稀疏阵列具有与完整阵列相同的二维波束形成能力,并可有效抑制干扰信号,验证了算法的有效性和优越性。     

Al—7%Si合金综合处理及其力学性能的研究

在有效的熔体处理基础上,对Al-Si合金进行适当的微合金化处理,可明显提高Al-Si合金的力学性能,本文通过对Al-7%Si合金精炼,细化,变质处理后,加入Mg,Zr ,V等元素,使合金力学性能大幅度提高。     

Model reference adaptive control with smooth switching scheme for piecewise linear systems and its application in turbofan engine control

A model reference adaptive control (MRAC) with smooth switching scheme was proposed for piecewise linear systems, and the method was utilized in turbofan engine control to avoid the discontinuity of control input. In this scheme, each sub-region of the operating envelope had its own MRAC controller, and smooth indicator function based smooth switching scheme was introduced to switch multiple controllers smoothly at the boundary of adjacent sub-regions. The Lyapunov stability analysis indicated that the proposed smooth switching scheme can guarantee the convergence of the closed-loop system during the controllers switching. The tracking error system was converted into a switched system to analyze the global stability of the closed-loop system. The advantage of the method was that the chattering of system output and instability caused by asynchronous switching can be eliminated. The simulation illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in comparison with the existing MRAC controller with gain scheduling for turbofan engine.      

Aerodynamic optimization design of general parameters for cycloidal propeller in hover based on surrogate model

A surrogate-model-based aerodynamic optimization design method for cycloidal propeller in hover was proposed, in order to improve its aerodynamic efficiency, and analyze the basic criteria for its aerodynamic optimization design. The reliability and applicability of overset mesh method were verified. An optimization method based on Kriging surrogate model was proposed to optimize the geometric parameters for cycloidal propeller in hover with the use of genetic algorithm. The optimization results showed that the thrust coefficient was increased by 3.56%, the torque coefficient reduced by 12.05%, and the figure of merit (FM) increased by 19.93%. The optimization results verified the feasibility of this design idea. Although the optimization was only carried out at a single rotation speed, the aerodynamic efficiency was also significantly improved over a wide range of rotation speeds. The optimal configuration characteristics for micro and small-sized cycloidal propeller were: solidity of 0.2-0.22, maximum pitch angle of 25°-35°, pitch axis locating at 35%-45% of the blade chord length.      

异步电机无速度传感器带速重投策略

在异步电机转速自适应全阶观测器无速度传感器控制方法的基础上,提出了一种基于波波夫稳定性理论的带速重投策略。该策略能够反映出转速估计值与实际值之间的误差关系,并通过自中心向两侧检索的方法使得转速估计值快速地向实际值收敛。采用了一种预励磁方案来达到减小带速重投过程中电流冲击的目的。仿真结果证明了所提策略的准确性和有效性。     

航空发动机吞砂试验标准砂与典型沙粒形貌对比分析

航空发动机工作时吸入沙粒会对发动机造成伤害。针对军标中未规定吞砂试验用砂粒的形貌特征问题,提出砂粒形貌特征的统计表述方法——数字图像获取、砂粒圆度(砂粒图片实际面积与其外接圆面积之比)分析、标尺对比与观察统计、振动转换与跟踪、统计指标比较,选取中国南海(海南)、东海(厦门)、腾格里沙漠和塔克拉玛干沙漠等典型地区的沙粒与美国标准砂的形貌特征进行了对比分析。试验表明:利用标准砂进行航空发动机吞砂试验时发动机的损伤最严重,即按照军标要求采用标准砂进行吞砂试验能够保证发动机具有足够的安全裕度。     

2级脉冲爆震发动机中超声速射流对撞诱导激波聚焦试验研究

为研究2-St age PDE中连续超声速射流及结构参数对撞诱导激波聚焦的影响规律,在冷态条件下开展了2-St age PDE中连续超声速射流对撞诱导激波聚焦的试验。分析了喷口宽度、导流环深度、凹面腔开口端与喷管间距、尾喷管角度、射流入射压力等参数对凹面腔底部峰值压力的影响。结果表明:喷口宽度、导流环深度、凹面腔开口端与喷口间距、射流入射压力越大,凹面腔底部峰值压力越大,激波聚焦效果越好;尾喷管角度越大,凹面腔底部峰值压力越小,激波聚焦效果越差;喷口宽度、导流环深度、射流入射压力对激波聚焦的影响较大。