柔性绳网动力学建模与天地差异性分析

采用有限元模型研究了柔性绳网系统的动力学特性。针对空间绳网直接弹射展开方式,首先将绳网离散为若干单元,各单元处理为非线性“半阻尼弹簧”模型,然后分别计算各单元所受气动力和重力,最终建立绳网系统多柔体动力学模型。基于所建立的动力学模型分别对柔性绳网在地面和太空展开的动力学过程进行了仿真分析,研究了绳网在展开面积、空间位形和飞行距离等方面的天地差异性及其动力学机理,为未来空间绳网系统的分析设计提供理论参考。     

高硅氧纤维增强苯并噁嗪树脂复合材料的制备及性能

以苯并噁嗪为基体树脂,短切高硅氧纤维为增强材料,制备了一种模压用复合材料。研究了该树脂的热性能、固化动力学性能及力学性能。结果表明,苯并噁嗪增强高硅氧纤维混合物随固化温度升高工艺窗口未发生显著变化,利用Kissinger、Crane法得到固化反应活化能为69.619 kJ/mol,反应级数为0.95。复合材料拉伸强度为35.5 MPa,,压缩强度为196 MPa,线烧蚀率为0.14 mm /s.     

基于嵌入式MATLAB函数编程的火星车能量平衡仿真系统

在以往航天器研制过程中,电源系统能量平衡分析是基于表格化计算的方法,其运算效率低、显示不直观。文章提出了一种可视性强、易编程、更通用的能量平衡分析方法,即采用嵌入式MATLAB函数对电源系统能量平衡分析的功能模块进行编程实现,以火星车电源系统为应用背景,在MATLAB/SIMULINK平台上搭建了一套用于能量平衡分析的仿真系统,并在特定实例下进行仿真分析,仿真结果采用图表曲线形式显示,能清晰、直观地反映能源利用的动态变化趋势,可为电源系统方案优化设计提供参考依据。     

Nonlinear H∞ based underactuated attitude control for small satellites with two reaction wheels

Underactuated attitude control is supposed to be used on spacecraft when failure happens with onboard actuators. One main problem with existing underactuated attitude control designs is their limited capabilities against disturbances. In order to solve this problem, an approach based on the theory of H∞$H\infty$ is proposed in this paper. Two propositions are derived from the H∞$H\infty$ theory to improve the robustness of one popular underactuated attitude control design, which was presented by Tsiotras et al. It is proved mathematically that the controller satisfying these two propositions respectively can stabilize the underactuated attitude system locally or globally. The numerical simulations show that the improved controllers based on the H∞$H\infty$ theory could provide higher pointing accuracy for small satellites against disturbances. This validates the effectiveness of the proposed H∞$H\infty$ based approach to improve existing underactuated attitude control designs.     

Study on O2 generation and CO2 absorption capability of four co-cultured salad plants in an enclosed system

The ability to generate O₂ and absorb CO₂ of several co-cultured vegetable plants in an enclosed system was studied to provide theoretical reference for the future man-plant integrated tests. Four kinds of salad plants (Lactuca sativa L. var. Dasusheng, Lactuca sativa L. var. Youmaicai, Gynura bicolor and Cichorium endivia L.) were grown in the CELSS Integration Test Platform (CITP). The environmental factors including O₂ and CO₂ concentration were continuously monitored on-line and the plant biomass was measured at the end of the test. The changing rules of O₂ and CO₂ concentration in the system were basically understood and it was found that the O₂ generated by the plants could satisfy the respiratory needs of 1.75 persons by calculation. It was also found that the plants could absorb the CO₂ breathed out by 2 persons when the light intensity was raised to 550 mmol m⁻² s⁻¹ PPF. The results showed that the co-cultured plants hold good compatibility and excellent O₂-generating and CO₂-absorbing capability. They could also supply some fresh edible vegetable for a 2-person crew.     

虚警影响下的备件库存优化

在虚警存在时完好的零部件被误诊为故障件而对维修站点发出备件需求,从而会对备件的需求率高估,所以需要引入虚警率修正备件需求率使之更为精确.证明了当虚警率服从指数分布时,考虑虚警的外场故障发生数仍然符合泊松分布.根据多层可修件库存控制理论,建立考虑虚警率的需求数和期望备件短缺数（EBO,Expected BackOrder）的函数关系,以期望备件短缺数为优化目标,对目标函数进行凸分析,建立面向系统虚警的备件配置凸优化算法,保证所选库存方案在系统发生虚警的情况下提高系统效能,并构建了某型飞机的应用验证案例,给出了最优的备件配置方案.      

3PRS/UPS冗余驱动并联机器人刚度特性分布

设计提出了一种采用冗余驱动的3PRS/UPS三自由度并联机器人,并建立分析其机构模型.基于螺旋理论,对并联机器人进行运动学分析,通过分别针对机构的驱动和约束建立了雅可比矩阵,最后整合建立了包含冗余驱动在内的全雅可比矩阵.利用虚功原理,结合并联机器人驱动副和约束副的柔度影响,推导得出了机构全刚度矩阵.同时,分析了机构在给定静载荷条件下的变形情况,总结出机构的空间变形分布规律.使用刚度矩阵的最小、最大特征值和运动刚度指标（KSI,Kinematic Stiffness Index）为机构刚度评价指标,对比和分析了引入冗余驱动前后对并联机器人刚度特性分布的影响,得出冗余驱动支链的引入可提高并联机器人特定方向的刚度和改善刚度分布的结论,为冗余驱动并联机器人优化设计和开发应用奠定基础.      

"伙伴交际法"在高职英语教学中的应用

口头表达能力作为语言综合能力的重要体现之一,在教学中应受到高度重视。然而在我国传统的公共英语教学中,“轻听说、重读写”的倾向造成了不少学生渎写尚可,但张口即结舌的状况。笔者将“伙伴交际法”应用到教学实践中,有效地提高口语教学质量,值得推而广之。     

基于遗传算法的双余度无刷直流电机优化设计

针对航空电作动系统用双余度无刷直流电机的方案寻优问题,提出了一种基于遗传算法的优化设计方法.通过分析航空作动系统的特点和性能要求得出电机优化设计的目标函数和约束条件.建立电机的电磁和热路模型,得到目标函数和约束条件的解析方程.其中,在电磁模型的建立过程中,采用解析方法得到气隙磁密和反电势系数表达式;在热路模型的建立过程中,采用Bertotti分立铁耗法计算铁心损耗,并利用热路法求解电机各部分的温升.通过遗传算法对电机重量全局寻优.计算结果表明:在满足性能要求的前提下,优化设计方案合理,电机重量减小了13.3%,验证了该优化设计和建模方法的有效性.      

基于Tersoff-Brenner势的航天器群图形编队研究

从分子动力学模拟角度提出了一种分布式航天器群导航控制方法,可使行星中心开普勒轨道上的航天器群在有限的感知信息条件下自发实现图形编队.该法基于人工势场技术,主要分为两个部分：改造自C-W方程的外围全局汇聚势场和基于Tersoff-Brenner势的局部塑形势场.前者将各航天器导引至预设汇聚点附近,后者进一步使各航天器自我调整彼此相对位置,最终编成期望构型.此外,引入一速度依赖型耗散项以确保任意初始分布条件下图形编队均收敛.通过地球同步轨道上航天器群正四面体构型（含中心,即金刚石结构单元）编队仿真,验证了所提方法的有效性和优越性.将编队脚本简单修改,该法还可方便用于其它类碳元素同素异形体构型的塑造,如石墨晶体结构单元正六边形等.