On synthesizing the informative functions of hazard at helicopter’s critical flight conditions

In this paper, we consider some typical values of motion parameters in exceptional situations when approaching to the helicopter critical flight regimes and present a technique for constructing the partial and integral informative functions of hazards at current flight regimes. Also described are the possibilities of their use for solving the problems of warning, informative crew support, and synthesizing the control algorithms to remove helicopter from the exceptional situation occurred.     

Potential Effects of Surface Temperature Variations and Disturbances and Thermal Convection on the Mars InSight HP<Superscript>3</Superscript> Heat-Flow Determination

The HP³ instrument on the InSight lander mission will measure subsurface temperatures and thermal conductivities from which heat flow in the upper few meters of the regolith at the landing site will be calculated. The parameter to be determined is steady-state conductive heat flow, but temperatures may have transient perturbations resulting from surface temperature changes and there could be a component of thermal convection associated with heat transport by vertical flow of atmospheric gases over the depth interval of measurement. The experiment is designed so that it should penetrate to a depth below which surface temperature perturbations are smaller than the required measurement precision by the time the measurements are made. However, if the measurements are delayed after landing, and/or the probe does not penetrate to the desired depth, corrections may be necessary for the transient perturbations. Thermal convection is calculated to be negligible, but these calculations are based on unknown physical properties of the Mars regolith. The effects of thermal convection should be apparent at shallow depths where transient thermal perturbations would be observed to deviate from conductive theory. These calculations were required during proposal review and their probability of predicting a successful measurement a prerequisite for mission approval. However, their uncertainties lies in unmeasured physical parameters of the Mars regolith.     

环氧树脂基复合材料加筋板结构吸湿行为研究

环氧树脂基复合材料的性能对湿热环境敏感,掌握该材料所组成结构的吸湿行为对其实际应用具有重要意义。通过以碳纤维环氧树脂基复合材料层合板的non-Fickian吸湿模型为基础,建立环氧树脂基复合材料加筋板结构的non-Fickian吸湿模型,在70℃/85% RH湿热条件下开展加筋板结构的吸湿实验,对所建立模型进行验证,并与已有的加筋板吸湿模型进行对比,通过所建立模型给出了加筋板沿厚度方向的吸湿量分布规律。结果表明:所建立加筋板non-Fickian吸湿模型的计算结果与实验结果吻合良好,在整个吸湿阶段相对误差小于5%,模型的预测精度高于传统Fick模型。所建立的加筋板non-Fickian吸湿模型可用于环氧树脂基复合材料加筋板层合结构吸湿量的准确预测。      

基于多值决策图的温储备系统可靠性建模方法

温储备系统是冷储备与热储备系统的推广,在实际中有广泛应用。针对不可修温储备系统的可靠性建模问题,已有基于多值决策图(MDD)的系统可靠性建模方法。该方法以系统中的单元故障为建模对象,分别构建故障级MDD与系统级MDD,进而获得系统可靠度的解析表达式。然而,该表达式中不同维度积分相互混杂,计算给定时刻的系统可靠度需要首先梳理系统可靠度的表达式,以利用数值方法求解其中的积分。为实现系统可靠度的程序化计算,在已有研究基础上提出将系统级MDD按故障数分解为一系列子决策图,通过对MDD中边的概率重新赋值获得每一子决策图的发生概率,得到系统可靠度的规范形式,形成一套完整的系统可靠度计算方法。      

基于抛物线外推的压气机低转速特性研究

针对在建立起动过程数学模型时发动机部件低转速特性难以获取的问题,提出了基于抛物线外推的压气机低转速特性获取方法.给出了两种型号发动机的压气机外推实例,结合发动机部件低转速特性外推的合理性判据可知,所提方法具有较好的准确性和通用性.      

可重复使用运载器磁悬浮助推发射参数研究

针对磁悬浮助推水平起飞运载器这种新型发射概念,采用概念性分析方法,研究地面发射参数对可重复使用运载器性能的影响规律。结果表明,助推发射水平起飞运载器在降低初始推重比、推进剂和结构质量等方面具有优势,最后得出地面发射参数的一组优化值。     

基于原子发射光谱的中低焓电弧加热器漏水故障诊断

电弧加热器试验中存在电极局部烧穿漏水导致电弧加热器严重烧损的风险,对漏水故障的快速诊断可大大提升电弧加热器的运行安全性。由于电弧加热器内高温气流的恶劣环境,漏水故障诊断技术匮乏。针对总焓范围2~12 MJ/kg的中低焓电弧加热器,提出一种基于原子发射光谱的漏水故障诊断技术。通过分析中低焓电弧加热器漏水故障条件和正常运行下高温流场的发射光谱特性,选择氧原子777.19 nm发射谱线为目标谱线,采用相对强度的处理方法,实时监测该中低焓电弧加热器是否发生漏水故障。试验获得了总焓H₀分别为11.6和9.8 MJ/kg共2组工况下氧原子相对辐射强度的变化规律,结合电极烧蚀图像分析,证明该技术应用于中低焓电弧加热器漏水故障诊断具有较强的发展潜力。最后,提出该技术在单轨道-多焓值状态气动热试验条件下,每个状态均保证较高灵敏度的解决方案。