高超音速后掠激波与边界层干扰流场特性

应用表面油流和液晶温度显示、表面热流率和压力测量四种测试技术,在Ma_∞=7.8、单位长度雷诺数尺Re_∞=3.5×10~7/m条件下,研究了30°迎角尖前缘翼面诱导激波和湍流边界层干扰流场特性。结果表明:表面流动是准锥型,在强相互作用下,流动发生了二次分离和再附,导致表面油流线的流向角、温度、热流率和压力分布均出现明显的凹坑。     

基于AHP的航空发动机在翼寿命预测

航空发动机作为飞机的心脏,其健康状态直接影响着飞机的安全飞行和可靠工作。能否对发动机机队进行科学的管理,对航空公司的运营状况起着极其重要的作用。因此,需要有一套科学完善的航空发动机在翼寿命预测系统对机队进行评估预测,来帮助工程师及时了解机队当前的整体运行状况,及时制定出合理的更换发动机和维修计划,从而降低发动机的使用和维修成本,提高发动机可靠性。     

自适应滑模控制在飞机前轮转向中的应用

前轮操纵系统是大型飞机实现地面滑行机动和按预定轨迹起降控制的关键系统之一。针对轮胎转向时复杂的负载特性以及电液伺服系统自身存在的非线性和参数不确定性的特点,基于滑模控制理论,结合Lyapunov稳定性理论,给出了飞机前轮转向滑模控制方案,并进行了数字仿真。结果表明,所设计的滑模控制器具有鲁棒性强、结构简单、易于实现的优点。     

舰载机偏中心定位弹射起飞弹射杆载荷分析

 考虑舰载机偏中心定位,建立了六自由度弹射起飞动力学模型,对偏中心弹射过程中弹射杆受载情况进行了分析计算,讨论了初始偏心距离和起飞重量对弹射杆载荷的影响,并详细论述了其动力学成因。研究结果表明：飞机的滚转运动是导致弹射杆承受较大弯矩和扭矩的主要原因;弹射杆弯矩和扭矩随初始偏心距离的增大而迅速增大,但其轴向拉力受初始偏心距离影响较小;在弹射滑跑初始阶段,弹射杆的轴向拉力、弯矩以及扭矩随起飞重量的减小而增大,而在弹射滑跑后期,弹射杆所受载荷则随起飞重量的减小而减小。     

火工品安全性影响因素分析

针对目前国内外关于火工品安全性影响因素的研究较少且没有形成相关体系的不足,通过对各类火工品典型结构、作用原理及安全性因素进行的分析,提出了各类火工品的防护措施。分析结果表明:热能火工品和机械能火工品主要针对环境中的机械力作用及摩擦热进行防护;化学能火工品还需要注意防霉菌,控制储存环境的温、湿度以及防止化学药剂意外泄漏;光能火工品受外部影响最小,其防护措施主要针对储存环境温度进行控制;电能火工品主要防静电和射频的干扰。     

TC17 合金焊接接头显微组织与疲劳裂纹扩展特性

研究了TC17钛合金惯性摩擦焊焊接接头的疲劳裂纹扩展规律,并利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜对材料的显微组织和断口形貌进行分析。结果表明:TC17钛合金母材为α+β网篮状组织,晶粒较大;焊缝区和热影响区内可以看到明显的原β相晶界,焊缝区的原β晶粒较细小,热影响区的原β晶粒较粗大,晶粒内部存在细小的α相。在室温下,当ΔK≤15 MPa.m1/2时,焊缝区疲劳裂纹扩展速率较小,而当ΔK≥15 MPa.m1/2时,焊缝区的扩展速率最大,其次是热影响区,母材的裂纹扩展速率最小;在高温下,焊接接头各部位的裂纹扩展速率相差不大,均小于室温。     

The Magnetic Field of Mercury

The magnetic field strength of Mercury at the planet’s surface is approximately 1% that of Earth’s surface field. This comparatively low field strength presents a number of challenges, both theoretically to understand how it is generated and observationally to distinguish the internal field from that due to the solar wind interaction. Conversely, the small field also means that Mercury offers an important opportunity to advance our understanding both of planetary magnetic field generation and magnetosphere-solar wind interactions. The observations from the Mariner 10 magnetometer in 1974 and 1975, and the MESSENGER Magnetometer and plasma instruments during the probe’s first two flybys of Mercury on 14 January and 6 October 2008, provide the basis for our current knowledge of the internal field. The external field arising from the interaction of the magnetosphere with the solar wind is more prominent near Mercury than for any other magnetized planet in the Solar System, and particular attention is therefore paid to indications in the observations of deficiencies in our understanding of the external field. The second MESSENGER flyby occurred over the opposite hemisphere from the other flybys, and these newest data constrain the tilt of the planetary moment from the planet’s spin axis to be less than 5°. Considered as a dipole field, the moment is in the range 240 to 270 nT-R _M ³ , where R _M is Mercury’s radius. Multipole solutions for the planetary field yield a smaller dipole term, 180 to 220 nT-R _M ³ , and higher-order terms that together yield an equatorial surface field from 250 to 290 nT. From the spatial distribution of the fit residuals, the equatorial data are seen to reflect a weaker northward field and a strongly radial field, neither of which can be explained by a centered-dipole matched to the field measured near the pole by Mariner 10. This disparity is a major factor controlling the higher-order terms in the multipole solutions. The residuals are not largest close to the planet, and when considered in magnetospheric coordinates the residuals indicate the presence of a cross-tail current extending to within 0.5R _M altitude on the nightside. A near-tail current with a density of 0.1 μA/m² could account for the low field intensities recorded near the equator. In addition, the MESSENGER flybys include the first plasma observations from Mercury and demonstrate that solar wind plasma is present at low altitudes, below 500 km. Although we can be confident in the dipole-only moment estimates, the data in hand remain subject to ambiguities for distinguishing internal from external contributions. The anticipated observations from orbit at Mercury, first from MESSENGER beginning in March 2011 and later from the dual-spacecraft BepiColombo mission, will be essential to elucidate the higher-order structure in the magnetic field of Mercury that will reveal the telltale signatures of the physics responsible for its generation.     

反馈结构RLF补偿器在抑制Ⅱ型PIO中的应用研究

现代电传飞行控制系统中由于作动器速率饱和产生的突然的附加相位滞后以及系统操纵增益的降低,是触发Ⅱ型PIO的主要原因,对此通常采用相位补偿的方法进行抑制。为研究补偿器的抑制效能,建立了非线性的人机闭环系统模型。在分析基于反馈结构的RLF补偿器频域特性及其相位补偿能力的基础上,采用离散俯仰跟踪任务与正弦跟踪任务在时域内仿真研究了补偿器对Ⅱ型PIO的抑制效能。仿真结果表明,RLF补偿器可以有效抑制Ⅱ型PIO,经地面飞行模拟器进一步验证,表明补偿器明显改善了飞机飞行品质,可以用于Ⅱ型PIO的抑制。     

异种金属材料磁脉冲焊接技术

通过对磁脉冲焊接技术结合机理的阐述,采用5A03Al-5A06Al、1050Al-AZ31Mg异种金属材料进行焊接试验.对所得的焊接接头进行气密性试验和剥离试验,检测其结合质量;结合光学显微镜,对比分析Al-Al、Al-Mg焊接接头的微观形貌特点;并采用SEM/EDS分析界面附近的元素分布;最后通过硬度试验,检测接头界...