A novel satellite image encryption algorithm based on hyperchaotic systems and Josephus problem

With the rapid growth of the number of Earth observation satellite (EOS) supporting critical applications, it is required to improve the security techniques to protect the sensitive data and images during the transmission between the satellites and the ground stations. This paper introduces a new satellite image encryption algorithm based on the Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) generator, SHA 512 hash function, hyperchaotic systems, and Josephus problem. LFSR generates a matrix that is used to construct the 512-bits value of the hash function. These bits are used to set the initial values and parameters of the proposed encryption algorithm. Firstly, the six dimensions (6-D) hyperchaotic system is divided into three parts, where every two equations are considered as one part. Secondly, the 1-D hyperchaotic logistic-tent system is considered as the controller to select one part. The selected part is used to generate a matrix that is XORed with the original image. Thirdly, the scrambling operation by Josephus sequences is applied to the output of the previous step by scrambling the rows and the columns according to the selected part to produce the pre-encrypted image. Finally, if the number of iterations is less than the required number which is considered as a parameter of the secret key, the previous operations will be repeated in the pre-encrypted image; otherwise, the pre-encrypted image is considered as the final cipher image. Experimental and analyses results show that the proposed algorithm has good performance in terms of high level of security, large enough key-space, tolerance to Single Event Upsets (SEU) as well as low time complexity.     

Equatorial anomaly according to the Interkosmos-19 data and IRI model: A comparison

The comparison of the IRI model with the foF2 distribution in the equatorial anomaly region obtained by topside sounding onboard the Interkosmos-19 satellite has been carried out. The global distribution of foF2 in terms of LT-maps was constructed by averaging Intercosmos-19 data for summer, winter, and equinox. These maps, in fact, represent an empirical model of the equatorial anomaly for high solar activity F10.7 ~ 200. The comparison is carried out for the latitudinal foF2 profiles in the characteristic longitudinal sectors of 30, 90, 210, 270, and 330°, as well as for the longitudinal variations in foF2 over the equator. The largest difference between the models (up to 60%) for any season was found in the Pacific longitudinal sector of 210°, where there are a few ground-based sounding stations. Considerable discrepancies, however, are sometimes observed in the longitudinal sectors, where there are many ground-based stations, for example, in the European or Indian sector. The discrepancies reach their maximum at 00 LT, since a decay of the equatorial anomaly begins before midnight in the IRI model and after midnight according to the Interkosmos-19 data. The discrepancies are also large in the morning at 06 LT, since in the IRI model, the foF2 growth begins long before sunrise. In the longitudinal variations in foF2 over the equator at noon, according to the satellite data, four harmonics are distinguished in the June solstice and at the equinox, and three harmonics in the December solstice, while in the IRI model only two and one harmonics respectively are revealed. In diurnal variations in foF2 and, accordingly, in the equatorial anomaly intensity, the IRI model does not adequately reproduce even the main, evening extremum.     

高强高模聚乙烯纤维对大掺量矿物掺合料高强混凝土抗冻性的影响

用快冻法研究高性能的高强高模聚乙烯(High elasticity module polyethylene,HEMP)纤维对大掺量矿物掺合料高强混凝土(High strength concrete,HSC)抗冻性的影响.结果表明,大掺量矿物掺合料HSC具有较好的抗冻性,但是其抗冻性对养护环境RH非常敏感,干燥养护条件下的冻融寿命仅有标准养护的38%～40%.掺加0.1%HEMP纤维虽然降低了大掺量矿物掺合料HSC的抗冻性,但能够显著改善其抗冻性对养护环境RH的敏感性,在30%RH～50%RH养护条件下的冻融寿命高达标准养护时的81%～90%.     

同轴度误差的矩阵计算机法

用矩阵法建立了同轴度误差最小二乘评定数学模型,给出了一组采样数据、微机数据处理程序和同轴度误差值。     

Numerical simulation of effects of the August 11, 1999 solar eclipse in the outer ionosphere

The results of a numerical simulation of such parameters of the topside ionosphere as concentration N _e and temperature T _e of electrons, and concentration n(H⁺) and fluxes along the magnetic field lines Φ(H⁺) of H⁺ ions at an altitude of ～2000 km for the conditions of the August 11, 1999 solar eclipse are presented. The calculations were performed using the Global Self-consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere, and Protonosphere of the Earth (GSM TIP). It is shown that during the eclipse, in addition to a region of decreased values of T _e in the Northern Hemisphere and in the magnetically conjugate region in the Southern Hemisphere, regions of electron heating emerge in both hemispheres. Simultaneously, an extended region of decreased values of N _e comes into existence and moves behind the Moon’s shadow. Regions with decreased (down to ～30%) and enhanced (up to ～50%) concentrations of H⁺ ions are detected in the global distribution of these ions.     

基于DLatLRR与VGG Net的红外与可见光图像融合

针对红外与可见光图像融合中特征损失严重、显著目标不突出的问题,提出了一种低秩表示分解与深度神经网络相结合的图像融合算法。首先,对源图像进行潜在低秩表示分解（DLatLRR）,得到相应的低秩部分、显著部分及稀疏噪声。然后,分别采用16层的VGG Net模型和联合特征加权算法对低秩部分与显著部分进行融合,舍弃二者的稀疏噪声。最后,对融合得到的低秩部分和显著部分进行图像重建,得到最终的融合图像。实验结果表明:与其他算法进行比较,所提算法能够对图像的深层次细节特征进行融合,突出场景中的感兴趣区域,且融合图像的相关差异和、结构相似性、线性相关度等多种客观指标均有所提升,提升最大值分别为0.73、0.15、0.11,噪声产生率的最大缩减值为0.041 2。      

压电周期板中耦合禁带影响规律分析

近年来,利用周期结构中弹性波禁带特性减振的研究思路受到了广泛关注。针对以往周期结构难以实现宽频且可调禁带的问题,设计了一种含电路网络的压电周期结构。该结构中的弯曲波和电路网络中的电波通过压电效应可以产生一个较宽的耦合禁带,且通过调整电路参数就可以达到调节禁带位置的目的。首先,为了高效计算该结构的波动特性,开发了适用于压电周期结构的减缩波有限元算法,该算法可以在保证结果准确性的基础上节约90%以上的计算时间。利用该算法研究了压电材料尺寸和形状对耦合禁带性能的影响。结果表明:相同电学参数下,随着压电片尺寸的增大,耦合禁带向低频移动,且禁带带宽增加;相同面积下含圆形和方形压电片的机电系统内耦合禁带差异较小,即形状对耦合禁带的分布影响不大。其次,针对不同尺寸和形状的机电系统,设计了电学参数使得在同一频率附近产生耦合禁带,并分析了其性能差异。最后,为了证明耦合禁带的减振效果,设计了一种有限压电周期板模型,其强迫响应的结果证明了耦合禁带对结构内弹性波可以进行有效调控。      

卫星姿控系统可重构性综合评价方法研究

针对可重构性评价需考虑系统资源、性能等多约束条件的问题,以卫星混合执行机构姿控系统为研究对象,建立了基于组合赋权法的卫星可重构性综合评价方法。首先,综合分析影响卫星姿控系统的指标因素,结合系统可重构性度量指标构建了综合评价指标体系;然后利用层次分析法和熵权法分别得到权重初值,以最小二乘法为工具建立确定具有主客观意义的优化组合评价权重;最后采用欧几里德距离为测度,计算各方案距离正负理想点的相对接近度并以此作为评价准则。针对多方案系统配置实例进行了验证计算,结果表明利用基于组合赋权法的评价方法能有效地对卫星姿态控制系统可重构性进行综合评估,具有较好的应用价值。