高温超导磁悬浮助推缩比试验系统动态测试分析

基于磁悬浮助推技术概念研究方案建立了一套悬浮加速缩比试验系统.从整体缩比模型振动试验出发,主要研究悬浮质量以及悬浮刚度对整体系统动态性能的影响,并在进行缩比单元动态试验结论的基础上,建立试验模型的加速试验动态采集系统,对整体模型进行运行性能试验.在试验基础上提出了提高磁悬浮推进系统运行稳定性的依据,并据此提出相应可行的解决方案设想.通过模型加速试验并采集试验数据定性分析磁浮系统的综合运动性能,以更好地评估系统稳定特性和品质,也为进一步研究磁悬浮助推发射的气动、分离系统稳定性和可靠性提供参考.     

GH4169合金超塑性变形及其力学行为的研究

GH4169高温合金经超细化预处理工艺后,在变形温度T为1000℃、初始应变速率5为1．14×10－3s－1的拉伸变形条件下,得到了良好的超塑性,其最高延伸率8max为467％,最低流动应力amin为43．1MPa。合金在较宽的变形温度范围（T为940～1020℃）和应变速率范围内（10－4～10－3s－1）显示出良好的超塑性。这对实际生产中工艺参数的选择及控制提供了很大的方便。应变速率敏感性指数m值可以表征材料超塑性性能的高低,但不能完全衡量超塑性能。     

摆盘流动与换热性能数值仿真

针对受燃烧室出口高温燃气冲刷的摆盘装置的冷却水回路,建立二维、三维物理仿真模型,模拟了冷却水在内部流道的 流动与换热过程,考察了冷却水进口压力、冷却水流量对流阻和换热性能的影响.结果表明:①摆盘冷却水进口压力由2.3×105Pa提高到8.3×105Pa,摆盘壁温变化微小,结构1壁温升高5K,结构2壁温升高7K;②冷却水进口速度由0.5m/s提高到5.3m/s,结构1壁温降低约120K,结构2壁温降低约100K,冷却效果明显;③结构2通过缩小流道的流通面积,能在更小的冷却水流量的工况下得到更好的换热效果.      

航空发动机叶片高频模态阻尼的实验测试方法

以NASA Rotor37叶片为对象,研究了航空发动机叶片的高频模态阻尼比的实验测试方法.实验分析和数值计算均说明:在随机声激励下获得频响曲线将包含由支撑结构振动造成的峰值.基于此提出在支撑结构上布置多个传感器的实验方案,并以支撑结构的振动峰值位置和能量相对大小来判定叶片振动主导的振动峰值.用小波阈值收缩法和曲线拟合法对这些振动峰值进行了降噪和模态阻尼比识别,给出了实测模型在10kHz内“叶片主导振动”的模态阻尼比.结果表明:一般的结构金属材料条件下,叶片结构的高频模态阻尼比的数量级小于1%,且随频率增加呈下降趋势.      

Multi-objective optimization of aircraft design for emission and cost reductions

Pollutant gases emitted from the civil jet are doing more and more harm to the environ- ment with the rapid development of the global commercial aviation transport. Low environmental impact has become a new requirement for aircraft design. In this paper, estimation method for emis- sion in aircraft conceptual design stage is improved based on the International Civil Aviation Orga- nization （ICAO） aircraft engine emissions databank and the polynomial curve fitting methods. The greenhouse gas emission （CO2 equivalent） per seat per kilometer is proposed to measure the emis- sions. An approximate sensitive analysis and a multi-objective optimization of aircraft design for tradeoff between greenhouse effect and direct operating cost （DOC） are performed with five geom- etry variables of wing configuration and two flight operational parameters. The results indicate that reducing the cruise altitude and Mach number may result in a decrease of the greenhouse effect but an increase of DOC. And the two flight operational parameters have more effects on the emissions than the wing configuration. The Pareto-optimal front shows that a decrease of 29.8% in DOC is attained at the expense of an increase of 10.8% in greenhouse gases.     

Dynamic analysis of C/C composite finger seal

A seal device as an important component of aeroengines has decisive influence on per- formance, reliability, and working life of aeroengines. With the development of aeroengines, demands on the performance characteristics of seal devices are made strictly. Finger seal as a novel kind of sealing device, recently attracts more and more attentions in academic circles and engineer- ing fields at home and abroad. Research on finger seals has been extensively developed, especially on leakage and wear performances under dynamic conditions. However, it is a pity that the work on finger seals has been limited with a single approach that is improving the performance by structural optimization; in addition, the technology of dynamic analysis on finger seals is weak. Aiming at the problems mentioned above, a distributed mass equivalent dynamic model of finger seals considering the coupling effect of overlaid laminates is established in the present paper, the dynamic perfor- mance of 2.5 dimension C/C composite finger seal is analyzed with the model, and then the effects of fiber bundle density and fiber bundle preparation direction on finger seal＇s dynamic performance are discussed, as well as compared with those of Co-based alloy finger seal. The current work is about dynamic analysis of finger seals and application of C/C composite in this paper may have much academic significance and many engineering values for improving research level of finger seal dynamics and exploring feasibility of C/C composite being used for finger seals.     

交会对接任务碰撞规避策略制定研究简

针对交会对接任务目标飞行器与追踪器轨道运行特性,综合考虑规避策略计算方法与工程实际相结合的问题,提出高度规避、时间规避以及与正常轨控相结合的碰撞规避策略计算方法等三种空间目标碰撞规避策略计算方法.高度规避计算方法采用了Lambert飞行原理,用简化二体开普勒模型取代高精度轨道预报方法,迭代求解规避机动速度增量,实现了通过约束过交点与目标径向距离差得到速度增量的最优解;时间规避计算方法通过轨道周期与速度增量的关系,实现了通过约束过交点与目标的时间差得到速度增量的最优解;与正常轨控相结合的碰撞规避策略计算方法,在正常控制考虑冗余控制量的基础上,对控制策略的控制开始时间或沿迹方向的速度增量进行较小的修正,使两者通过碰撞点的时刻或径向距离错开,达到碰撞规避的目的,该方法不仅可以节省燃料、而且对任务的影响较小.通过对三种空间目标碰撞规避策略计算方法仿真分析结果表明,完全适用于交会对接任务,可为我国载人航天任务飞行安全提供技术保障.     

多跑道航班进离场动态调度模型与算法

针对民航运输快速发展导致的航班延误频增现象,研究了多跑道航班进离场的动态调度问题。研究时段内航班的总延误成本最小和延误时间均衡为目标,综合考虑根据机型确定的航班进离场调度优先权和管制员负荷,建立多跑道航班进离场调度模型,利用遗传算法对模型进行仿真验证。仿真结果与先到先服务(FCFS)调度方式进行比较,采用遗传算法的航班进离场调度比FCFS的延误成本降低了45.07%,延误时间降低了37.90%,同时有效地均衡了航空公司的延误时间,保障了航空公司的公平性并提高了跑道系统容量,降低了管制员负荷。通过仿真验证了多跑道航班进离场动态调度策略具有较强的优势和可行性。     

Adaptive Gaussian sum squared-root cubature Kalman filter with split-merge scheme for state estimation

The paper deals with state estimation problem of nonlinear non-Gaussian discrete dynamic systems for improvement of accuracy and consistency. An efficient new algorithm called the adaptive Gaussian-sum square-root cubature Kalman filter（AGSSCKF） with a split-merge scheme is proposed. It is developed based on the squared-root extension of newly introduced cubature Kalman filter（SCKF） and is built within a Gaussian-sum framework. Based on the condition that the probability density functions of process noises and initial state are denoted by a Gaussian sum using optimization method, a bank of SCKF are used as the sub-filters to estimate state of system with the corresponding weights respectively, which is adaptively updated. The new algorithm consists of an adaptive splitting and merging procedure according to a proposed split-decision model based on the nonlinearity degree of measurement. The results of two simulation scenarios（one-dimensional state estimation and bearings-only tracking） show that the proposed filter demonstrates comparable performance to the particle filter with significantly reduced computational cost.     

Friction moment analysis of space gyroscope bearing with ribbon cage under ultra-low oscillatory motion

This paper presents the model of calculating the total friction moment of space gyroscope ball bearings which usually work under ultra-low oscillatory motion and are very sensitive to the friction moment. The aim is to know the proportion of the friction moment caused by each frictional source in the bearing＇s total friction moment, which is helpful to optimize the bearing design to deduce the friction moment. In the model, the cage dynamic equations considering six degree-of-freedom and the balls dynamic equations considering two degree-of-freedom were solved.The good trends with different loads between the measured friction moments and computational results prove that the model under constant rate was validated. The computational results show that when the speed was set at 5 r/min, the bearing＇s maximum total friction moment when oscillation occurred was obviously larger than that occurred at a constant rate. At the onset of each oscillatory motion, the proportion of the friction moment caused by cage in the bearing＇s total friction moment was very high, and it increased with the increasing speed. The analyses of different cage thicknesses and different clearances between cage pocket and ball show that smaller thickness and clearance were preferred.