Effect of tip geometry and tip clearance on aerodynamic performance of a linear compressor cascade

The tip leakage flow between a blade and a casing wall has a strong impact on compressor pressure rise capability, efficiency, and stability. Consequently, there is a strong motivation to look for means to minimize its impact on performance. This paper presents the potential of passive tip leakage flow control to increase the aerodynamic performance of highly loaded compressor blades. Experimental investigations on a linear compressor cascade equipped with blade winglets mounted to the blade tips have been carried out. Results for a variation of the tip clearance and the winglet geometry are presented. Current results indicate that the use of proper tip winglets in a compressor cascade can positively affect the local aerodynamic field by weakening the tip leakage vortex. Results also show that the suction-side winglets are aerodynamically superior to the pressure-side or combined winglets. The suction-side winglets are capable of reducing the exit total pressure loss associated with the tip leakage flow and the passage secondary flow to a significant degree.     

民用飞机平尾气动载荷计算方法研究

水平尾翼的主要功能是保证飞机具有纵向静稳定性和俯仰可操纵性。民用飞机由于起飞重量大、重心变化范围广,对平尾的操纵性要求很高,为了提高平尾的操纵效率,民用飞机一般采用平尾安定面可微动的设计手段,加上升降舵偏转以及翼身洗流等因素的影响,使得飞行中平尾处的流场变得非常复杂,如何准确或偏保守地确定平尾上的气动载荷一直是民用飞机飞行载荷计算中的一个难点。介绍了民用飞机平尾气动总载荷和载荷分布的计算原理和方法,并提出了如何协调基于测力、测压试验得到的载荷,以及平尾弦向分布载荷的修正方法。     

Evaluation of COMPASS ionospheric model in GNSS positioning

As important products of GNSS navigation message, ionospheric delay model parameters are broadcasted for single-frequency users to improve their positioning accuracy. GPS provides daily Klobuchar ionospheric model parameters based on geomagnetic reference frame, while the regional satellite navigation system of China’s COMPASS broadcasts an eight-parameter ionospheric model, COMPASS Ionospheric Model(CIM), which was generated by processing data from continuous monitoring stations, with updating the parameters every 2 h. To evaluate its performance, CIM predictions are compared to ionospheric delay measurements, along with GPS positioning accuracy comparisons. Real observed data analysis indicates that CIM provides higher correction precision in middle-latitude regions, but relatively lower correction precision for low-latitude regions where the ionosphere has much higher variability. CIM errors for some users show a common bias for in-coming COMPASS signals from different satellites, and hence ionospheric model errors are somehow translated into the receivers’ clock error estimation. In addition, the CIM from the China regional monitoring network are further evaluated for global ionospheric corrections. Results show that in the Northern Hemisphere areas including Asia, Europe and North America, the three-dimensional positioning accuracy using the CIM for ionospheric delay corrections is improved by 7.8%–35.3% when compared to GPS single-frequency positioning ionospheric delay corrections using the Klobuchar model. However, the positioning accuracy in the Southern Hemisphere is degraded due apparently to the lack of monitoring stations there.     

螺旋桨径向力风洞试验方法研究

螺旋桨飞机的研制设计过程中,必须了解和掌握动力系统对飞机气动特性的影响.螺旋桨动力系统对飞机的影响主要包括螺旋桨拉力和扭矩、气流斜吹螺旋桨产生的径向力以及滑流影响.螺旋桨径向力的风洞试验在国内尚属探索研究阶段,本文结合型号研制实际应用,对气流斜吹螺旋桨产生的径向力的机理和试验方法进行了研究探索,提出了一种以螺旋桨直接模拟法为基础的螺旋桨径向力风洞试验方法,并通过理论和试验方法完成了试验结果的相关性修正、全机对螺旋桨径向力的上洗等干扰修正,获得了可以满足工程研制使用的螺旋桨径向力数据,可为同类的螺旋桨飞机总体气动布局设计提供参考.     

太阳方阵模拟器电源测试方法研究

分析了太阳方阵模拟器电源的原理,解读了检定规程与其特色性能的区别和联系,给出了推荐测试项目和测试方法。 太阳方阵模拟器电源是航天器地面测试供配电分系统的核心设备,其技术性能的高低将直接影响航天器测试的质量,进而影响航天器的可靠性。     

基于增广观测器的非线性系统执行器故障诊断

针对一类满足李普希茨条件的非线性系统,提出了一种新的执行器故障诊断方法。将执行器故障作为增广状态向量的一部分构造一个增广系统,然后利用线性矩阵不等式方法设计一个增广状态观测器,能够同时获得原系统的状态和执行器故障的渐近估计。利用李亚普诺夫理论分析了增广状态观测器的稳定性和收敛性。最后,将所提出的方法用于卫星姿态控制系统执行器的故障诊断,仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

钛合金中微裂纹的超声红外热像检测技术研究

研究了超声红外热像检测技术的原理,利用有限元分析方法,建立了钛合金刀具样件和裂纹的二维热传导有限元模型,通过有限元数值计算方法,对超声波在裂纹处激发的热源引起的瞬态温度场进行分析,然后对含有微裂纹的钛合金刀具样件进行实际检测。结果表明,超声红外热像检测技术对钛合金材料中的微裂纹定性检测快速有效,且是无损检测。对微裂纹检测的实验结果与利用有限元方法计算结果基本一致,证明有限元模型的正确性,并为钛合金材料中微裂纹的定量检测提供了新的方法和参考依据。     

基于人体热调节模型的民机座舱热舒适性分析

民机座舱热舒适性研究对我国研制的大型飞机市场竞争力具有重要意义.在舒适性研究中人体热模型的合理性是影响舒适性分析与评价的关键.在开展的有限空间人员热特性实验测试基础上,建立了一种具有热调节行为的人体热模型,将人体复杂传热过程抽象为高温核心区、血液灌注区和等效组织区三者间热传递,很好地克服了常规定壁温或定热流密度人体模型的局限性,计算结果与实验结果吻合较好.将该模型结合文中提出的无迭代PMV(Predicted Mean Vote)热舒适性方程,在保证计算速度的前提下,可实现高人员密度的民机座舱舒适性分析.仿真结果表明:该方法既能够满足复杂空间的计算速度要求,又能较准确地体现人体生理热调节过程,仿真结果可靠性高.     

An alternative computation of a gravity field model from GOCE

GOCE is the first satellite with a gravitational gradiometer (SGG). This allows to determine a gravity field model with high spatial resolution and high accuracy. Four of the six independent components of the gravitational gradient tensors (GGT) are measured with high accuracy in the so-called measurement band (MB) from 5 to 100 mHz by the GOCE gradiometer. Based on more than 1 year of GOCE measurements, two gravity field models have been derived. Here, we introduce a strategy for spherical harmonic analysis (SHA) from GOCE measurements, with a bandpass filter applied to the SGG data, combined with orbit analysis based on the integral equation approach, and additional constraints (or stabilization) in the polar areas where no observation is available due to the orbit geometry. In addition, we combined the GOCE SGG part with a set of GRACE normal equations. This improves the accuracy of the gravity field in the long-wavelength parts, due to the complementarity of GOCE and GRACE. Comparison with other models and with external data shows that our results are rather close to the GPS-levelling data in well-selected test regions, with an uncertainty of 4–7 cm, for truncation at degree 200.     

航空发动机附件试验研究

针对航空发动机附件外场使用可靠性不高现象,分析附件研制过程中存在的问题和原因。通过对航空发动机通用规范及型号规范中附件试验要求的梳理和分析,重点讨论模拟工作试验、规范没有明确规定的单项试验和新增的可靠性维修性试验要求,提出新研发动机附件试验的一般要求,并结合某型发动机附件结构、功能及发动机型号特点,给出发动机附件研制试验计划。对新研航空发动机附件可靠性工作的开展、鉴定试验项目规划和方案的确定具有指导和借鉴意义。